Obese Individuals with and without Type 2 Diabetes Show Different Gut Microbial Functional Capacity and Composition

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic disorders that are linked to microbiome alterations. However, their co-occurrence poses challenges in disentangling microbial features unique to each condition. We analyzed gut microbiomes of lean non-diabetic (n = 633), obese non-diabetic (n = 494), a...

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Published in:Cell host & microbe Vol. 26; no. 2; p. 252
Main Authors: Thingholm, Louise B, Rühlemann, Malte C, Koch, Manja, Fuqua, Brie, Laucke, Guido, Boehm, Ruwen, Bang, Corinna, Franzosa, Eric A, Hübenthal, Matthias, Rahnavard, Ali, Frost, Fabian, Lloyd-Price, Jason, Schirmer, Melanie, Lusis, Aldons J, Vulpe, Chris D, Lerch, Markus M, Homuth, Georg, Kacprowski, Tim, Schmidt, Carsten O, Nöthlings, Ute, Karlsen, Tom H, Lieb, Wolfgang, Laudes, Matthias, Franke, Andre, Huttenhower, Curtis
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 14.08.2019
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Biodiversity
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
Diet
Dietary Supplements
Feces - microbiology
Female
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology
Germany
Humans
Iron - metabolism
Magnesium - metabolism
Male
Metabolic Diseases - complications
Metagenomics
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Multivariate Analysis
Nutrition Assessment
Obesity - complications
Obesity - microbiology
Serum - metabolism
Germany
nutrition
type 2 diabetes
dietary supplements
iron
magnesium
medication
metabolic disease
microbiome
obesity
ISSN:1934-6069, 1934-6069
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Summary:Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic disorders that are linked to microbiome alterations. However, their co-occurrence poses challenges in disentangling microbial features unique to each condition. We analyzed gut microbiomes of lean non-diabetic (n = 633), obese non-diabetic (n = 494), and obese individuals with T2D (n = 153) from German population and metabolic disease cohorts. Microbial taxonomic and functional profiles were analyzed along with medical histories, serum metabolomics, biometrics, and dietary data. Obesity was associated with alterations in microbiome composition, individual taxa, and functions with notable changes in Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, Oscillibacter, and Alistipes, as well as in serum metabolites that correlated with gut microbial patterns. However, microbiome associations were modest for T2D, with nominal increases in Escherichia/Shigella. Medications, including antihypertensives and antidiabetics, along with dietary supplements including iron, were significantly associated with microbiome variation. These results differentiate microbial components of these interrelated metabolic diseases and identify dietary and medication exposures to consider in future studies.
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ISSN:1934-6069
1934-6069
DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2019.07.004