Biological functions of tear film

Tears have a vital function to protect and lubricate the ocular surface. Tear production, distribution and clearance is tightly regulated by the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to meet ocular surface demands. The tear film consists of an aqueous-mucin layer, containing fluid and soluble factors produ...

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Vydáno v:Experimental eye research Ročník 197; s. 108115
Hlavní autoři: Pflugfelder, Stephen C., Stern, Michael E.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2020
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ISSN:0014-4835, 1096-0007, 1096-0007
On-line přístup:Získat plný text
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Abstract Tears have a vital function to protect and lubricate the ocular surface. Tear production, distribution and clearance is tightly regulated by the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to meet ocular surface demands. The tear film consists of an aqueous-mucin layer, containing fluid and soluble factors produced by the lacrimal glands and mucin secreted by the goblet cells, that is covered by a lipid layer. The array of proteins, glycoproteins and lipids in tears function to maintain a stable, well-lubricated and smooth optical surface. Tear factors also promote wound healing, suppress inflammation, scavenge free radicals, and defend against microbial infection. Disease and dysfunction of the LFU leads to tear instability, increased evaporation, inflammation, and blurred and fluctuating vision. The function of tear components and the consequences of tear deficiency on the ocular surface are reviewed. •The complex structure and composition of the tear film protects the cornea, promotes wound healing and maintains eye comfort and quality vision.•The integrated lacrimal functional unit regulates tear production and maintains stability.•Altered tear composition and stability in dry eye cause eye inflammation, corneal disease and blurred vision.
AbstractList Tears have a vital function to protect and lubricate the ocular surface. Tear production, distribution and clearance is tightly regulated by the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to meet ocular surface demands. The tear film consists of an aqueous-mucin layer, containing fluid and soluble factors produced by the lacrimal glands and mucin secreted by the goblet cells, that is covered by a lipid layer. The array of proteins, glycoproteins and lipids in tears function to maintain a stable, well-lubricated and smooth optical surface. Tear factors also promote wound healing, suppress inflammation, scavenge free radicals, and defend against microbial infection. Disease and dysfunction of the LFU leads to tear instability, increased evaporation, inflammation, and blurred and fluctuating vision. The function of tear components and the consequences of tear deficiency on the ocular surface are reviewed. •The complex structure and composition of the tear film protects the cornea, promotes wound healing and maintains eye comfort and quality vision.•The integrated lacrimal functional unit regulates tear production and maintains stability.•Altered tear composition and stability in dry eye cause eye inflammation, corneal disease and blurred vision.
Tears have a vital function to protect and lubricate the ocular surface. Tear production, distribution and clearance is tightly regulated by the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to meet ocular surface demands. The tear film consists of an aqueous-mucin layer, containing fluid and soluble factors produced by the lacrimal glands and mucin secreted by the goblet cells, that is covered by a lipid layer. The array of proteins, glycoproteins and lipids in tears function to maintain a stable, well-lubricated and smooth optical surface. Tear factors also promote wound healing, suppress inflammation, scavenge free radicals, and defend against microbial infection. Disease and dysfunction of the LFU leads to tear instability, increased evaporation, inflammation, and blurred and fluctuating vision. The function of tear components and the consequences of tear deficiency on the ocular surface are reviewed.
Tears have a vital function to protect and lubricate the ocular surface. Tear production, distribution and clearance is tightly regulated by the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to meet ocular surface demands. The tear film consists of an aqueous-mucin layer, containing fluid and soluble factors produced by the lacrimal glands and mucin secreted by the goblet cells, that is covered by a lipid layer. The array of proteins, glycoproteins and lipids in tears function to maintain a stable, well-lubricated and smooth optical surface. Tear factors also promote wound healing, suppress inflammation, scavenge free radicals, and defend against microbial infection. Disease and dysfunction of the LFU leads to tear instability, increased evaporation, inflammation, and blurred and fluctuating vision. The function of tear components and the consequences of tear deficiency on the ocular surface are reviewed.Tears have a vital function to protect and lubricate the ocular surface. Tear production, distribution and clearance is tightly regulated by the lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to meet ocular surface demands. The tear film consists of an aqueous-mucin layer, containing fluid and soluble factors produced by the lacrimal glands and mucin secreted by the goblet cells, that is covered by a lipid layer. The array of proteins, glycoproteins and lipids in tears function to maintain a stable, well-lubricated and smooth optical surface. Tear factors also promote wound healing, suppress inflammation, scavenge free radicals, and defend against microbial infection. Disease and dysfunction of the LFU leads to tear instability, increased evaporation, inflammation, and blurred and fluctuating vision. The function of tear components and the consequences of tear deficiency on the ocular surface are reviewed.
ArticleNumber 108115
Author Stern, Michael E.
Pflugfelder, Stephen C.
AuthorAffiliation 2 ImmunEyez, Mission Viejo, CA, United States
1 Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
– name: 2 ImmunEyez, Mission Viejo, CA, United States
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Stephen C.
  surname: Pflugfelder
  fullname: Pflugfelder, Stephen C.
  email: stevenp@bcm.edu
  organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Michael E.
  surname: Stern
  fullname: Stern, Michael E.
  email: michaelstern4@gmail.com
  organization: Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32561483$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Tue Nov 18 21:32:28 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:46:04 EST 2024
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Keywords Mucin
Pain
Dry eye
Innate immunity
Visual acuity
Dry eye disease
Tears
Tear stability
Lipid
Growth factor
Language English
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Snippet Tears have a vital function to protect and lubricate the ocular surface. Tear production, distribution and clearance is tightly regulated by the lacrimal...
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SubjectTerms Dry eye
Dry eye disease
Dry Eye Syndromes - metabolism
Glycoproteins - metabolism
Growth factor
Humans
Innate immunity
Lacrimal Apparatus - metabolism
Lipid
Mucin
Mucins - metabolism
Pain
Tear stability
Tears
Tears - metabolism
Visual acuity
Title Biological functions of tear film
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2020.108115
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32561483
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2415293524
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7483968
Volume 197
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