Multiple sclerosis – a review

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic impact of the disease. The underlying cause of MS and mechanisms behind this increase remain opaque, although complex gene–env...

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Vydané v:European journal of neurology Ročník 26; číslo 1; s. 27 - 40
Hlavní autori: Dobson, R., Giovannoni, G.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: England John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.01.2019
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ISSN:1351-5101, 1468-1331, 1468-1331
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Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic impact of the disease. The underlying cause of MS and mechanisms behind this increase remain opaque, although complex gene–environment interactions almost certainly play a significant role. The epidemiology of MS indicates that low serum levels of vitamin D, smoking, childhood obesity and infection with the Epstein–Barr virus are likely to play a role in disease development. Changes in diagnostic methods and criteria mean that people with MS can be diagnosed increasingly early in their disease trajectory. Alongside this, treatments for MS have increased exponentially in number, efficacy and risk. There is now the possibility of a diagnosis of ‘pre‐symptomatic MS’ being made; as a result potentially preventive strategies could be studied. In this comprehensive review, MS epidemiology, potential aetiological factors and pathology are discussed, before moving on to clinical aspects of MS diagnosis and management.
AbstractList Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non-traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic impact of the disease. The underlying cause of MS and mechanisms behind this increase remain opaque, although complex gene-environment interactions almost certainly play a significant role. The epidemiology of MS indicates that low serum levels of vitamin D, smoking, childhood obesity and infection with the Epstein-Barr virus are likely to play a role in disease development. Changes in diagnostic methods and criteria mean that people with MS can be diagnosed increasingly early in their disease trajectory. Alongside this, treatments for MS have increased exponentially in number, efficacy and risk. There is now the possibility of a diagnosis of 'pre-symptomatic MS' being made; as a result potentially preventive strategies could be studied. In this comprehensive review, MS epidemiology, potential aetiological factors and pathology are discussed, before moving on to clinical aspects of MS diagnosis and management.Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non-traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic impact of the disease. The underlying cause of MS and mechanisms behind this increase remain opaque, although complex gene-environment interactions almost certainly play a significant role. The epidemiology of MS indicates that low serum levels of vitamin D, smoking, childhood obesity and infection with the Epstein-Barr virus are likely to play a role in disease development. Changes in diagnostic methods and criteria mean that people with MS can be diagnosed increasingly early in their disease trajectory. Alongside this, treatments for MS have increased exponentially in number, efficacy and risk. There is now the possibility of a diagnosis of 'pre-symptomatic MS' being made; as a result potentially preventive strategies could be studied. In this comprehensive review, MS epidemiology, potential aetiological factors and pathology are discussed, before moving on to clinical aspects of MS diagnosis and management.
Multiple sclerosis ( MS ) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic impact of the disease. The underlying cause of MS and mechanisms behind this increase remain opaque, although complex gene–environment interactions almost certainly play a significant role. The epidemiology of MS indicates that low serum levels of vitamin D, smoking, childhood obesity and infection with the Epstein–Barr virus are likely to play a role in disease development. Changes in diagnostic methods and criteria mean that people with MS can be diagnosed increasingly early in their disease trajectory. Alongside this, treatments for MS have increased exponentially in number, efficacy and risk. There is now the possibility of a diagnosis of ‘pre‐symptomatic MS’ being made; as a result potentially preventive strategies could be studied. In this comprehensive review, MS epidemiology, potential aetiological factors and pathology are discussed, before moving on to clinical aspects of MS diagnosis and management.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic impact of the disease. The underlying cause of MS and mechanisms behind this increase remain opaque, although complex gene–environment interactions almost certainly play a significant role. The epidemiology of MS indicates that low serum levels of vitamin D, smoking, childhood obesity and infection with the Epstein–Barr virus are likely to play a role in disease development. Changes in diagnostic methods and criteria mean that people with MS can be diagnosed increasingly early in their disease trajectory. Alongside this, treatments for MS have increased exponentially in number, efficacy and risk. There is now the possibility of a diagnosis of ‘pre‐symptomatic MS’ being made; as a result potentially preventive strategies could be studied. In this comprehensive review, MS epidemiology, potential aetiological factors and pathology are discussed, before moving on to clinical aspects of MS diagnosis and management.
Author Dobson, R.
Giovannoni, G.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: R.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-2993-585X
  surname: Dobson
  fullname: Dobson, R.
  email: ruth.dobson@qmul.ac.uk
  organization: Royal London Hospital
– sequence: 2
  givenname: G.
  surname: Giovannoni
  fullname: Giovannoni, G.
  organization: Blizard Institute
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30300457$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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multiple sclerosis
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Snippet Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the...
Multiple sclerosis ( MS ) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non-traumatic disabling disease to affect young adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the...
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StartPage 27
SubjectTerms Adults
Children
Clinical aspects
clinically isolated syndrome
Diagnosis
Diagnostic systems
disease‐modifying therapy
Epidemiology
Epstein-Barr virus
Medical treatment
Multiple sclerosis
Serum levels
Smoking
Viruses
Vitamin D
Young adults
Title Multiple sclerosis – a review
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fene.13819
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30300457
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2150207635
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2117816687
Volume 26
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