Incorporating aspects of habitat fragmentation into long-term forest planning using mixed integer programming
In forest planning, an understanding of the spatial relationships between compartments has become an increasingly important issue. Effective approaches must, therefore, be developed that include consideration of spatial relationships in planning models. Existing approaches, based on numerical optimi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Forest ecology and management Jg. 255; H. 3; S. 440 - 446 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
20.03.2008
[Amsterdam]: Elsevier Science Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 0378-1127, 1872-7042 |
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| Abstract | In forest planning, an understanding of the spatial relationships between compartments has become an increasingly important issue. Effective approaches must, therefore, be developed that include consideration of spatial relationships in planning models. Existing approaches, based on numerical optimization, tend to lack the means effectively to include spatial considerations. Further, many suggested approaches have focused on ways to include adjacency constraints or green-up constraints in forest planning. However, in order to maintain the biodiversity in the forest, methods dealing with, for instance, the problem of fragmentation of old forests, also have to be developed. In this paper, the issue of fragmentation is addressed and incorporated into long-term forest planning. The approach is to attempt to minimize the outer perimeter of areas of old forest. The model presented is formulated on the basis of mixed integer programming, and solved with a branch and bound algorithm. A data set consisting of 924 stands was used to examine the model, which was then evaluated with different requirements for the degree of clustering. The results indicate that the model is effective for the clustering of old forest stands and that it can be solved within a reasonable time despite the large number of constraints and variables. In the case study the loss in net present value as a result of including the issue of fragmentation was a few percent. |
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| AbstractList | Incorporating aspects of habitat fragmentation into long-term forest planning using mixed integer programming were discussed. The formulation of perimeter in the model was inspired from the MIP model. The difference between the case with no consideration given to the amount of perimeter and a fairly high consideration given to this factor were less than 2 and 3 percent for the base and reference cases. The reduction in amount of perimeter between weightings 1 and 5 was 48.5 percent. The corresponding reduction in net present value (NPV) was only 5.4 percent. The results showed that, if the wood flow constraints were removed from the model, harvesting intensity would vary considerably over time. The approach was particularly useful for developing strategic forest plans, for identifying areas where old forest conditions could be created and for exploring the trade-offs between NPV and the degree of fragmentation. In forest planning, an understanding of the spatial relationships between compartments has become an increasingly important issue. Effective approaches must, therefore, be developed that include consideration of spatial relationships in planning models. Existing approaches, based on numerical optimization, tend to lack the means effectively to include spatial considerations. Further, many suggested approaches have focused on ways to include adjacency constraints or green-up constraints in forest planning. However, in order to maintain the biodiversity in the forest, methods dealing with, for instance, the problem of fragmentation of old forests, also have to be developed. In this paper, the issue of fragmentation is addressed and incorporated into long-term forest planning. The approach is to attempt to minimize the outer perimeter of areas of old forest. The model presented is formulated on the basis of mixed integer programming, and solved with a branch and bound algorithm. A data set consisting of 924 stands was used to examine the model, which was then evaluated with different requirements for the degree of clustering. The results indicate that the model is effective for the clustering of old forest stands and that it can be solved within a reasonable time despite the large number of constraints and variables. In the case study the loss in net present value as a result of including the issue of fragmentation was a few percent. |
| Author | Öhman, Karin Wikström, Peder |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Karin surname: OHMAN fullname: OHMAN, Karin organization: Department of Forest Resource Management SLU, 901 83 UmeÅ, Sweden – sequence: 2 givenname: Peder surname: WIKSTRÖM fullname: WIKSTRÖM, Peder organization: Department of Forest Resource Management SLU, 901 83 UmeÅ, Sweden |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1139/x94-167 10.1007/s10479-005-3968-2 10.1287/opre.1040.0169 10.1016/0006-3207(91)90108-L 10.1139/x98-076 10.1111/1475-3995.00424 10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00157-X 10.1287/ijoc.12.1.2.11900 10.1139/x00-103 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00664-8 10.1007/s10666-005-9007-5 10.5558/tfc81359-3 10.1016/S0304-3800(96)00007-5 10.1016/S0169-2046(02)00005-1 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00343-1 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.03.059 10.1139/x95-198 10.1139/x05-013 10.1139/x93-065 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00487-X 10.1068/b230607 10.1016/j.ejor.2003.07.021 |
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| Keywords | Mixed integer programming Shape index Spatial relationships Optimization Integer programming Forest planning Habitat Long term Fragmentation |
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| SubjectTerms | algorithms Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Biological and medical sciences case studies clustering computer analysis equations Forest management Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration forest yields Forestry fprest perimenter Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology habitat fragmentation Mixed integer programming old-growth forests Optimization planning shape Shape index spatial data Spatial relationships Synecology Terrestrial ecosystems |
| Title | Incorporating aspects of habitat fragmentation into long-term forest planning using mixed integer programming |
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