Leviviricetes: expanding and restructuring the taxonomy of bacteria-infecting single-stranded RNA viruses

The vast majority of described prokaryotic viruses have double-stranded or single-stranded DNA or double-stranded RNA genomes. Until 2020, a mere four prokaryotic single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses have been classified in two genera ( Riboviria; Lenarviricota; Allassoviricetes; Leviviridae...

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Published in:Microbial genomics Vol. 7; no. 11
Main Authors: Callanan, Julie, Stockdale, Stephen R., Adriaenssens, Evelien M., Kuhn, Jens H., Rumnieks, Janis, Pallen, Mark J., Shkoporov, Andrey N., Draper, Lorraine A., Ross, R. Paul, Hill, Colin
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Microbiology Society 01.11.2021
Subjects:
Bacteria - genetics
Humans
Metagenomics
Phylogeny
RNA Viruses - genetics
Short Communications
Viruses - genetics
levivirus
Leviviricetes
virus classification
virus taxonomy
phage
metatranscriptomics
ISSN:2057-5858, 2057-5858
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The vast majority of described prokaryotic viruses have double-stranded or single-stranded DNA or double-stranded RNA genomes. Until 2020, a mere four prokaryotic single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses have been classified in two genera ( Riboviria; Lenarviricota; Allassoviricetes; Leviviridae ). Several recent metagenomic and metatranscriptomic studies revealed a vastly greater diversity of these viruses in prokaryotic soil communities than ever anticipated. Phylogenetic analysis of these newly discovered viruses prompted the reorganization of class Allassoviricetes , now renamed Leviviricetes , to include two orders, Norzivirales and Timlovirales , and a total of six families, 428 genera and 882 species. Here we outline the new taxonomy of Leviviricetes , approved and ratified in 2021 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, and describe open-access hidden Markov models to accommodate the anticipated identification and future classification of hundreds, if not thousands, of additional class members into this new taxonomic framework.
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ISSN:2057-5858
2057-5858
DOI:10.1099/mgen.0.000686