Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Outcomes After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Prognostication of neurologic status among survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrests remains a challenging task for physicians. Although models such as the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score are useful for predicting neurologic outcomes, they were developed using traditional...

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Published in:Critical care medicine Vol. 50; no. 2; p. e162
Main Authors: Mayampurath, Anoop, Hagopian, Raffi, Venable, Laura, Carey, Kyle, Edelson, Dana, Churpek, Matthew
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.02.2022
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ISSN:1530-0293, 1530-0293
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Abstract Prognostication of neurologic status among survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrests remains a challenging task for physicians. Although models such as the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score are useful for predicting neurologic outcomes, they were developed using traditional statistical techniques. In this study, we derive and compare the performance of several machine learning models with each other and with the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score for predicting the likelihood of favorable neurologic outcomes among survivors of resuscitation. Analysis of the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry. Seven-hundred fifty-five hospitals participating in Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation from January 1, 2001, to January 28, 2017. Adult in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. None. Of 117,674 patients in our cohort, 28,409 (24%) had a favorable neurologic outcome, as defined as survival with a Cerebral Performance Category score of less than or equal to 2 at discharge. Using patient characteristics, pre-existing conditions, prearrest interventions, and periarrest variables, we constructed logistic regression, support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosted machines, and neural network machine learning models to predict favorable neurologic outcome. Events prior to October 20, 2009, were used for model derivation, and all subsequent events were used for validation. The gradient boosted machine predicted favorable neurologic status at discharge significantly better than the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score (C-statistic: 0.81 vs 0.73; p < 0.001) and outperformed all other machine learning models in terms of discrimination, calibration, and accuracy measures. Variables that were consistently most important for prediction across all models were duration of arrest, initial cardiac arrest rhythm, admission Cerebral Performance Category score, and age. The gradient boosted machine algorithm was the most accurate for predicting favorable neurologic outcomes in in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Our results highlight the utility of machine learning for predicting neurologic outcomes in resuscitated patients.
AbstractList Prognostication of neurologic status among survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrests remains a challenging task for physicians. Although models such as the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score are useful for predicting neurologic outcomes, they were developed using traditional statistical techniques. In this study, we derive and compare the performance of several machine learning models with each other and with the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score for predicting the likelihood of favorable neurologic outcomes among survivors of resuscitation.OBJECTIVESPrognostication of neurologic status among survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrests remains a challenging task for physicians. Although models such as the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score are useful for predicting neurologic outcomes, they were developed using traditional statistical techniques. In this study, we derive and compare the performance of several machine learning models with each other and with the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score for predicting the likelihood of favorable neurologic outcomes among survivors of resuscitation.Analysis of the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry.DESIGNAnalysis of the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry.Seven-hundred fifty-five hospitals participating in Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation from January 1, 2001, to January 28, 2017.SETTINGSeven-hundred fifty-five hospitals participating in Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation from January 1, 2001, to January 28, 2017.Adult in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors.PATIENTSAdult in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors.None.INTERVENTIONSNone.Of 117,674 patients in our cohort, 28,409 (24%) had a favorable neurologic outcome, as defined as survival with a Cerebral Performance Category score of less than or equal to 2 at discharge. Using patient characteristics, pre-existing conditions, prearrest interventions, and periarrest variables, we constructed logistic regression, support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosted machines, and neural network machine learning models to predict favorable neurologic outcome. Events prior to October 20, 2009, were used for model derivation, and all subsequent events were used for validation. The gradient boosted machine predicted favorable neurologic status at discharge significantly better than the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score (C-statistic: 0.81 vs 0.73; p < 0.001) and outperformed all other machine learning models in terms of discrimination, calibration, and accuracy measures. Variables that were consistently most important for prediction across all models were duration of arrest, initial cardiac arrest rhythm, admission Cerebral Performance Category score, and age.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTSOf 117,674 patients in our cohort, 28,409 (24%) had a favorable neurologic outcome, as defined as survival with a Cerebral Performance Category score of less than or equal to 2 at discharge. Using patient characteristics, pre-existing conditions, prearrest interventions, and periarrest variables, we constructed logistic regression, support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosted machines, and neural network machine learning models to predict favorable neurologic outcome. Events prior to October 20, 2009, were used for model derivation, and all subsequent events were used for validation. The gradient boosted machine predicted favorable neurologic status at discharge significantly better than the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score (C-statistic: 0.81 vs 0.73; p < 0.001) and outperformed all other machine learning models in terms of discrimination, calibration, and accuracy measures. Variables that were consistently most important for prediction across all models were duration of arrest, initial cardiac arrest rhythm, admission Cerebral Performance Category score, and age.The gradient boosted machine algorithm was the most accurate for predicting favorable neurologic outcomes in in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Our results highlight the utility of machine learning for predicting neurologic outcomes in resuscitated patients.CONCLUSIONSThe gradient boosted machine algorithm was the most accurate for predicting favorable neurologic outcomes in in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Our results highlight the utility of machine learning for predicting neurologic outcomes in resuscitated patients.
Prognostication of neurologic status among survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrests remains a challenging task for physicians. Although models such as the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score are useful for predicting neurologic outcomes, they were developed using traditional statistical techniques. In this study, we derive and compare the performance of several machine learning models with each other and with the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score for predicting the likelihood of favorable neurologic outcomes among survivors of resuscitation. Analysis of the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry. Seven-hundred fifty-five hospitals participating in Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation from January 1, 2001, to January 28, 2017. Adult in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. None. Of 117,674 patients in our cohort, 28,409 (24%) had a favorable neurologic outcome, as defined as survival with a Cerebral Performance Category score of less than or equal to 2 at discharge. Using patient characteristics, pre-existing conditions, prearrest interventions, and periarrest variables, we constructed logistic regression, support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosted machines, and neural network machine learning models to predict favorable neurologic outcome. Events prior to October 20, 2009, were used for model derivation, and all subsequent events were used for validation. The gradient boosted machine predicted favorable neurologic status at discharge significantly better than the Cardiac Arrest Survival Post-Resuscitation In-hospital score (C-statistic: 0.81 vs 0.73; p < 0.001) and outperformed all other machine learning models in terms of discrimination, calibration, and accuracy measures. Variables that were consistently most important for prediction across all models were duration of arrest, initial cardiac arrest rhythm, admission Cerebral Performance Category score, and age. The gradient boosted machine algorithm was the most accurate for predicting favorable neurologic outcomes in in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors. Our results highlight the utility of machine learning for predicting neurologic outcomes in resuscitated patients.
Author Edelson, Dana
Mayampurath, Anoop
Churpek, Matthew
Hagopian, Raffi
Venable, Laura
Carey, Kyle
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Snippet Prognostication of neurologic status among survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrests remains a challenging task for physicians. Although models such as the...
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SubjectTerms Aged
Area Under Curve
Cohort Studies
Female
Forecasting - methods
Heart Arrest - complications
Heart Arrest - epidemiology
Heart Arrest - mortality
Humans
Machine Learning - standards
Machine Learning - statistics & numerical data
Male
Middle Aged
Outcome Assessment, Health Care - methods
Outcome Assessment, Health Care - statistics & numerical data
Prognosis
ROC Curve
Survivors - statistics & numerical data
Title Comparison of Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Outcomes After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
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Volume 50
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