Exploring Vegetarian and Omnivorous Approaches to Cardiovascular Risk and Body Composition

The role of nutrition in preventing non-communicable diseases has been widely studied in recent years, with indications that non-animal-based diets might improve body composition and therefore bring multiple health benefits. For all of these reasons, the main purpose was to compare body composition...

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Vydáno v:	Nutrients Ročník 16; číslo 13; s. 2013
Hlavní autoři:	Fontes, Tatiana, Lopes, Sofia, Menezes, Regina, Esgalhado, Marta, Monteiro Rodrigues, Luís, Ferreira-Pêgo, Cíntia
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Switzerland MDPI AG 01.07.2024
Témata:	Absorptiometry, Photon adipose tissue Adult biomarkers Biomarkers - blood blood Body Composition Body fat Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Comparative analysis Diet Diet, Vegetarian dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Female Food habits Health aspects Heart Disease Risk Factors High density lipoprotein Humans Influence low density lipoprotein cholesterol Male Middle Aged Mortality Nutritional Status omnivores Physiological aspects risk Risk factors vegetarian diet Vegetarianism Vegetarians Womens health Portugal vegetarian diet body composition cardiovascular risk omnivorous diet lipid profile
ISSN:	2072-6643, 2072-6643
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Abstract	The role of nutrition in preventing non-communicable diseases has been widely studied in recent years, with indications that non-animal-based diets might improve body composition and therefore bring multiple health benefits. For all of these reasons, the main purpose was to compare body composition and metabolic status between vegetarian and omnivorous individuals and relate these values with cardiovascular risk. The present analysis included 176 participants (61 vegetarians and 115 omnivores). Body composition was assessed using a dual-energy X–ray absorptiometry, biochemical parameters obtained from capillary blood, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk (10RCVD) calculated by the QRISK3 score. No statistical differences were found between groups regarding body composition. Concerning metabolic markers, vegetarian individuals showed reduced values of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non–HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). There were no differences in 10RCVD between groups. In both diets, moderate correlations between groups were found for cardiovascular risk and visceral adipose tissue. Our results suggest that the vegetarian regimen might be associated with better cardiometabolic biomarkers and better cardiovascular health, although controversial with the body composition trends observed. In conclusion, the results suggest that cardiovascular risk appears to be more influenced by body composition, mainly fat tissue, over dietary patterns itself.
AbstractList	The role of nutrition in preventing non-communicable diseases has been widely studied in recent years, with indications that non-animal-based diets might improve body composition and therefore bring multiple health benefits. For all of these reasons, the main purpose was to compare body composition and metabolic status between vegetarian and omnivorous individuals and relate these values with cardiovascular risk. The present analysis included 176 participants (61 vegetarians and 115 omnivores). Body composition was assessed using a dual-energy X–ray absorptiometry, biochemical parameters obtained from capillary blood, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk (10RCVD) calculated by the QRISK3 score. No statistical differences were found between groups regarding body composition. Concerning metabolic markers, vegetarian individuals showed reduced values of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non–HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). There were no differences in 10RCVD between groups. In both diets, moderate correlations between groups were found for cardiovascular risk and visceral adipose tissue. Our results suggest that the vegetarian regimen might be associated with better cardiometabolic biomarkers and better cardiovascular health, although controversial with the body composition trends observed. In conclusion, the results suggest that cardiovascular risk appears to be more influenced by body composition, mainly fat tissue, over dietary patterns itself. The role of nutrition in preventing non-communicable diseases has been widely studied in recent years, with indications that non-animal-based diets might improve body composition and therefore bring multiple health benefits. For all of these reasons, the main purpose was to compare body composition and metabolic status between vegetarian and omnivorous individuals and relate these values with cardiovascular risk. The present analysis included 176 participants (61 vegetarians and 115 omnivores). Body composition was assessed using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, biochemical parameters obtained from capillary blood, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk (10RCVD) calculated by the QRISK3 score. No statistical differences were found between groups regarding body composition. Concerning metabolic markers, vegetarian individuals showed reduced values of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). There were no differences in 10RCVD between groups. In both diets, moderate correlations between groups were found for cardiovascular risk and visceral adipose tissue. Our results suggest that the vegetarian regimen might be associated with better cardiometabolic biomarkers and better cardiovascular health, although controversial with the body composition trends observed. In conclusion, the results suggest that cardiovascular risk appears to be more influenced by body composition, mainly fat tissue, over dietary patterns itself.The role of nutrition in preventing non-communicable diseases has been widely studied in recent years, with indications that non-animal-based diets might improve body composition and therefore bring multiple health benefits. For all of these reasons, the main purpose was to compare body composition and metabolic status between vegetarian and omnivorous individuals and relate these values with cardiovascular risk. The present analysis included 176 participants (61 vegetarians and 115 omnivores). Body composition was assessed using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, biochemical parameters obtained from capillary blood, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk (10RCVD) calculated by the QRISK3 score. No statistical differences were found between groups regarding body composition. Concerning metabolic markers, vegetarian individuals showed reduced values of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). There were no differences in 10RCVD between groups. In both diets, moderate correlations between groups were found for cardiovascular risk and visceral adipose tissue. Our results suggest that the vegetarian regimen might be associated with better cardiometabolic biomarkers and better cardiovascular health, although controversial with the body composition trends observed. In conclusion, the results suggest that cardiovascular risk appears to be more influenced by body composition, mainly fat tissue, over dietary patterns itself. The role of nutrition in preventing non-communicable diseases has been widely studied in recent years, with indications that non-animal-based diets might improve body composition and therefore bring multiple health benefits. For all of these reasons, the main purpose was to compare body composition and metabolic status between vegetarian and omnivorous individuals and relate these values with cardiovascular risk. The present analysis included 176 participants (61 vegetarians and 115 omnivores). Body composition was assessed using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, biochemical parameters obtained from capillary blood, and the 10-year cardiovascular risk (10RCVD) calculated by the QRISK3 score. No statistical differences were found between groups regarding body composition. Concerning metabolic markers, vegetarian individuals showed reduced values of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol ( < 0.05). There were no differences in 10RCVD between groups. In both diets, moderate correlations between groups were found for cardiovascular risk and visceral adipose tissue. Our results suggest that the vegetarian regimen might be associated with better cardiometabolic biomarkers and better cardiovascular health, although controversial with the body composition trends observed. In conclusion, the results suggest that cardiovascular risk appears to be more influenced by body composition, mainly fat tissue, over dietary patterns itself.
Audience	Academic
Author	Ferreira-Pêgo, Cíntia Esgalhado, Marta Lopes, Sofia Fontes, Tatiana Menezes, Regina Monteiro Rodrigues, Luís
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Cites_doi	10.1186/s13054-018-2171-1 10.1259/bjr.20170808 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029617 10.1056/NEJM200005113421903 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.01.004 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675355 10.1056/NEJM199711203372102 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.08.002 10.1093/ajcn/78.3.610S 10.1002/jcsm.12962 10.1016/j.nut.2012.07.016 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab484 10.2337/dc08-2280 10.3390/ijerph18084067 10.1016/0021-9681(72)90027-6 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030088 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.3202 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz455 10.1161/JAHA.118.011367 10.3390/nu10091302 10.3390/nu14091853 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.08.026 10.1172/JCI21047 10.1007/s00726-015-2067-1 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.02.037 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.015000 10.1016/j.jada.2006.11.008 10.1080/003655102753611799 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.004 10.1093/ageing/afy169 10.1126/science.aam5324 10.3390/ijerph19127011 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.14547 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644 10.3389/fnut.2022.761982 10.2337/cd22-as01 10.1152/physiol.2023.38.S1.5790039 10.1038/s41366-019-0516-8 10.1159/000497124 10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB 10.3390/nu11030615 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009520 10.19277/bbr.18.1.258
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Snippet	The role of nutrition in preventing non-communicable diseases has been widely studied in recent years, with indications that non-animal-based diets might...
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SubjectTerms	Absorptiometry, Photon adipose tissue Adult biomarkers Biomarkers - blood blood Body Composition Body fat Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Comparative analysis Diet Diet, Vegetarian dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Female Food habits Health aspects Heart Disease Risk Factors High density lipoprotein Humans Influence low density lipoprotein cholesterol Male Middle Aged Mortality Nutritional Status omnivores Physiological aspects risk Risk factors vegetarian diet Vegetarianism Vegetarians Womens health
Title	Exploring Vegetarian and Omnivorous Approaches to Cardiovascular Risk and Body Composition
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