Streptozotocin-induced type 1 and 2 diabetes in rodents: a model for studying diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy

Background: Several animal models are continually being developed to study diabetic complication. Several conflicting regimen for diabetes induction exist in the literature with varying dose strength and regimen for different study interest in diabetes. This study aims to show the effect of high dos...

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Published in:African health sciences Vol. 21; no. 2; pp. 719 - 727
Main Authors: Mathias Akinlade, Olawale, Victor Owoyele, Bamidele, Olufemi Soladoye, Ayodele
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Uganda Makerere Medical School 01.06.2021
Subjects:
Animals
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - chemically induced
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - chemically induced
Diabetic Neuropathies
Models, Animal
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Rodentia - metabolism
Streptozocin - metabolism
Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy
Heart rate variability
Streptozotocin
Diabetes mellitus
ISSN:1680-6905, 1729-0503, 1680-6905, 1729-0503
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Summary:Background: Several animal models are continually being developed to study diabetic complication. Several conflicting regimen for diabetes induction exist in the literature with varying dose strength and regimen for different study interest in diabetes. This study aims to show the effect of high dose streptozotocin (STZ) on the one hand compared with multiple low doses after high fat diet induction on diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy (DCAN). Methodology: Eighty-four Wistar rats were used to demonstrate DCAN induction using 2 approaches one for T1DM (STZ 50mg/kg) and the other for T2DM (HFD for 8 weeks with STZ 25mg/Kg daily for five days). DCAN features were assessed using invasive biomarkers, histology patterns and cardiac nerve densities. Results: Diabetes induction rate was 76% and 89% in T1DM and T2DM model respectively. T1DM group had significant weight loss, reduced c-peptide, and insulin level post induction. The T2DM additionally showed significantly higher total cholesterol and Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) compared with control. Serum levels of catecholamine, choactase, nerve growth factor and cardiac nerve density confirms development of DCAN. Conclusion: High single dose of STZ and HFD with multiple low doses of STZ may be recommended for DCAN study in T1DM and T2DM rat model respectively. Keywords: Diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy; Diabetes mellitus; Heart rate variability; Streptozotocin.
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ISSN:1680-6905
1729-0503
1680-6905
1729-0503
DOI:10.4314/ahs.v21i2.30