Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Functions in Gram-Positive Bacteria

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived lipid bilayers secreted by bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Bacterial membrane vesicles were discovered over 60 years ago and have been extensively studied in Gram-negative bacteria. During their production, EVs are loaded with proteins, nucleic acids,...

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Veröffentlicht in:Infection and immunity Jg. 88; H. 12
Hauptverfasser: Briaud, Paul, Carroll, Ronan K
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 16.11.2020
Schlagworte:
Gram-positive bacteria
OMV
EVs
extracellular vesicles
membrane vesicles
ISSN:1098-5522, 1098-5522
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Zusammenfassung:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived lipid bilayers secreted by bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Bacterial membrane vesicles were discovered over 60 years ago and have been extensively studied in Gram-negative bacteria. During their production, EVs are loaded with proteins, nucleic acids, and various compounds that are subsequently released into the environment. Depending on the packaged cargo, EVs have a broad spectrum of action and are involved in pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, nutrient uptake, and nucleic acid transfer. Due to differences in cell wall structure, EVs in Gram-positive bacteria have been disregarded for decades, and our understanding of their biogenesis and host cell interaction is incomplete. Recently, studies on bacteria such as , spp., , and spp. have demonstrated EV production in Gram-positive bacteria and shown the great importance EVs have in Gram-positive bacterial physiology and disease progression. Here, we review the latest findings on the biogenesis and functions of EVs from Gram-positive bacteria and identify key areas for future research.
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ISSN:1098-5522
1098-5522
DOI:10.1128/IAI.00433-20