Carnot battery technology: A state-of-the-art review
•There is a need for large scale electrical energy storage.•The Carnot battery allows to store electricity at low cost with no geographical constraints.•Each configuration of Carnot battery is described.•A comparison is proposed including a state of the art, potential on the energy market and existi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of energy storage Jg. 32; S. 101756 |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Elsevier Ltd
01.12.2020
Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 2352-152X, 2352-1538, 2352-1538 |
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| Abstract | •There is a need for large scale electrical energy storage.•The Carnot battery allows to store electricity at low cost with no geographical constraints.•Each configuration of Carnot battery is described.•A comparison is proposed including a state of the art, potential on the energy market and existing prototypes.
The growth of renewable energy requires flexible, low-cost and efficient electrical storage to balance the mismatch between energy supply and demand. The Carnot battery buffers electrical energy by storing thermal energy (charging cycle mode) from a resistive heater or a heat pump system when the electricity production is higher than the demand. When electricity demand is higher than the production, the Carnot battery generates power from the stored thermal energy (power cycle mode). This paper is a review of this emerging and innovative technology, including a market analysis. First, the different possible technologies and configurations of Carnot batteries are described. This includes charging cycles, power cycles and thermal energy storage systems. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art of the existing prototypes in the world is given. The performance indicators for this technology are unclear, and this paper tries to define objective performance indicators. Finally, all the described technologies are compared, and conclusions are drawn to help engineers select the optimal technology for a given case. |
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| AbstractList | The growth of renewable energy requires flexible, low-cost and efficient electrical storage to balance the mismatch between energy supply and demand. The Carnot battery buffers electrical energy by storing thermal energy (charging cycle mode) from a resistive heater or a heat pump system when the electricity production is higher than the demand. When electricity demand is higher than the production, the Carnot battery generates power from the stored thermal energy (power cycle mode). This paper is a review of this emerging and innovative technology, including a market analysis. First, the different possible technologies and configurations of Carnot batteries are described. This includes charging cycles, power cycles and thermal energy storage systems. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art of the existing prototypes in the world is given. The performance indicators for this technology are unclear, and this paper tries to define objective performance indicators. Finally, all the described technologies are compared, and conclusions are drawn to help engineers select the optimal technology for a given case. •There is a need for large scale electrical energy storage.•The Carnot battery allows to store electricity at low cost with no geographical constraints.•Each configuration of Carnot battery is described.•A comparison is proposed including a state of the art, potential on the energy market and existing prototypes. The growth of renewable energy requires flexible, low-cost and efficient electrical storage to balance the mismatch between energy supply and demand. The Carnot battery buffers electrical energy by storing thermal energy (charging cycle mode) from a resistive heater or a heat pump system when the electricity production is higher than the demand. When electricity demand is higher than the production, the Carnot battery generates power from the stored thermal energy (power cycle mode). This paper is a review of this emerging and innovative technology, including a market analysis. First, the different possible technologies and configurations of Carnot batteries are described. This includes charging cycles, power cycles and thermal energy storage systems. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art of the existing prototypes in the world is given. The performance indicators for this technology are unclear, and this paper tries to define objective performance indicators. Finally, all the described technologies are compared, and conclusions are drawn to help engineers select the optimal technology for a given case. |
| ArticleNumber | 101756 |
| Author | Frate, Guido Francesco Pillai, Aditya Lecompte, Steven De paepe, Michel Dumont, Olivier Lemort, Vincent |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Olivier surname: Dumont fullname: Dumont, Olivier email: olivier.dumont@ulg.ac.be organization: Université de Liege, University of Liège, Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Department, Thermodynamics Laboratory, 4000 Liège, Belgium – sequence: 2 givenname: Guido Francesco surname: Frate fullname: Frate, Guido Francesco organization: University of Pisa, Department of Energy, Systems, Territory and Constructions Engineering, 56122, Pisa, Italy – sequence: 3 givenname: Aditya surname: Pillai fullname: Pillai, Aditya organization: Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions & Systems, Ghent 9000, Belgium – sequence: 4 givenname: Steven surname: Lecompte fullname: Lecompte, Steven organization: Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions & Systems, Ghent 9000, Belgium – sequence: 5 givenname: Michel surname: De paepe fullname: De paepe, Michel organization: Ghent University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions & Systems, Ghent 9000, Belgium – sequence: 6 givenname: Vincent surname: Lemort fullname: Lemort, Vincent organization: Université de Liege, University of Liège, Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Department, Thermodynamics Laboratory, 4000 Liège, Belgium |
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| Snippet | •There is a need for large scale electrical energy storage.•The Carnot battery allows to store electricity at low cost with no geographical constraints.•Each... The growth of renewable energy requires flexible, low-cost and efficient electrical storage to balance the mismatch between energy supply and demand. The... |
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