Traumatic microbleeds suggest vascular injury and predict disability in traumatic brain injury
Traumatic microbleeds are small foci of hypointensity seen on T2*-weighted MRI in patients following head trauma that have previously been considered a marker of axonal injury. The linear appearance and location of some traumatic microbleeds suggests a vascular origin. The aims of this study were to...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Brain (London, England : 1878) Jg. 142; H. 11; S. 3550 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
England
01.11.2019
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| ISSN: | 1460-2156, 1460-2156 |
| Online-Zugang: | Weitere Angaben |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Abstract | Traumatic microbleeds are small foci of hypointensity seen on T2*-weighted MRI in patients following head trauma that have previously been considered a marker of axonal injury. The linear appearance and location of some traumatic microbleeds suggests a vascular origin. The aims of this study were to: (i) identify and characterize traumatic microbleeds in patients with acute traumatic brain injury; (ii) determine whether appearance of traumatic microbleeds predict clinical outcome; and (iii) describe the pathology underlying traumatic microbleeds in an index patient. Patients presenting to the emergency department following acute head trauma who received a head CT were enrolled within 48 h of injury and received a research MRI. Disability was defined using Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended ≤6 at follow-up. All magnetic resonance images were interpreted prospectively and were used for subsequent analysis of traumatic microbleeds. Lesions on T2* MRI were stratified based on 'linear' streak-like or 'punctate' petechial-appearing traumatic microbleeds. The brain of an enrolled subject imaged acutely was procured following death for evaluation of traumatic microbleeds using MRI targeted pathology methods. Of the 439 patients enrolled over 78 months, 31% (134/439) had evidence of punctate and/or linear traumatic microbleeds on MRI. Severity of injury, mechanism of injury, and CT findings were associated with traumatic microbleeds on MRI. The presence of traumatic microbleeds was an independent predictor of disability (P < 0.05; odds ratio = 2.5). No differences were found between patients with punctate versus linear appearing microbleeds. Post-mortem imaging and histology revealed traumatic microbleed co-localization with iron-laden macrophages, predominately seen in perivascular space. Evidence of axonal injury was not observed in co-localized histopathological sections. Traumatic microbleeds were prevalent in the population studied and predictive of worse outcome. The source of traumatic microbleed signal on MRI appeared to be iron-laden macrophages in the perivascular space tracking a network of injured vessels. While axonal injury in association with traumatic microbleeds cannot be excluded, recognizing traumatic microbleeds as a form of traumatic vascular injury may aid in identifying patients who could benefit from new therapies targeting the injured vasculature and secondary injury to parenchyma. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Traumatic microbleeds are small foci of hypointensity seen on T2*-weighted MRI in patients following head trauma that have previously been considered a marker of axonal injury. The linear appearance and location of some traumatic microbleeds suggests a vascular origin. The aims of this study were to: (i) identify and characterize traumatic microbleeds in patients with acute traumatic brain injury; (ii) determine whether appearance of traumatic microbleeds predict clinical outcome; and (iii) describe the pathology underlying traumatic microbleeds in an index patient. Patients presenting to the emergency department following acute head trauma who received a head CT were enrolled within 48 h of injury and received a research MRI. Disability was defined using Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended ≤6 at follow-up. All magnetic resonance images were interpreted prospectively and were used for subsequent analysis of traumatic microbleeds. Lesions on T2* MRI were stratified based on 'linear' streak-like or 'punctate' petechial-appearing traumatic microbleeds. The brain of an enrolled subject imaged acutely was procured following death for evaluation of traumatic microbleeds using MRI targeted pathology methods. Of the 439 patients enrolled over 78 months, 31% (134/439) had evidence of punctate and/or linear traumatic microbleeds on MRI. Severity of injury, mechanism of injury, and CT findings were associated with traumatic microbleeds on MRI. The presence of traumatic microbleeds was an independent predictor of disability (P < 0.05; odds ratio = 2.5). No differences were found between patients with punctate versus linear appearing microbleeds. Post-mortem imaging and histology revealed traumatic microbleed co-localization with iron-laden macrophages, predominately seen in perivascular space. Evidence of axonal injury was not observed in co-localized histopathological sections. Traumatic microbleeds were prevalent in the population studied and predictive of worse outcome. The source of traumatic microbleed signal on MRI appeared to be iron-laden macrophages in the perivascular space tracking a network of injured vessels. While axonal injury in association with traumatic microbleeds cannot be excluded, recognizing traumatic microbleeds as a form of traumatic vascular injury may aid in identifying patients who could benefit from new therapies targeting the injured vasculature and secondary injury to parenchyma.Traumatic microbleeds are small foci of hypointensity seen on T2*-weighted MRI in patients following head trauma that have previously been considered a marker of axonal injury. The linear appearance and location of some traumatic microbleeds suggests a vascular origin. The aims of this study were to: (i) identify and characterize traumatic microbleeds in patients with acute traumatic brain injury; (ii) determine whether appearance of traumatic microbleeds predict clinical outcome; and (iii) describe the pathology underlying traumatic microbleeds in an index patient. Patients presenting to the emergency department following acute head trauma who received a head CT were enrolled within 48 h of injury and received a research MRI. Disability was defined using Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended ≤6 at follow-up. All magnetic resonance images were interpreted prospectively and were used for subsequent analysis of traumatic microbleeds. Lesions on T2* MRI were stratified based on 'linear' streak-like or 'punctate' petechial-appearing traumatic microbleeds. The brain of an enrolled subject imaged acutely was procured following death for evaluation of traumatic microbleeds using MRI targeted pathology methods. Of the 439 patients enrolled over 78 months, 31% (134/439) had evidence of punctate and/or linear traumatic microbleeds on MRI. Severity of injury, mechanism of injury, and CT findings were associated with traumatic microbleeds on MRI. The presence of traumatic microbleeds was an independent predictor of disability (P < 0.05; odds ratio = 2.5). No differences were found between patients with punctate versus linear appearing microbleeds. Post-mortem imaging and histology revealed traumatic microbleed co-localization with iron-laden macrophages, predominately seen in perivascular space. Evidence of axonal injury was not observed in co-localized histopathological sections. Traumatic microbleeds were prevalent in the population studied and predictive of worse outcome. The source of traumatic microbleed signal on MRI appeared to be iron-laden macrophages in the perivascular space tracking a network of injured vessels. While axonal injury in association with traumatic microbleeds cannot be excluded, recognizing traumatic microbleeds as a form of traumatic vascular injury may aid in identifying patients who could benefit from new therapies targeting the injured vasculature and secondary injury to parenchyma. Traumatic microbleeds are small foci of hypointensity seen on T2*-weighted MRI in patients following head trauma that have previously been considered a marker of axonal injury. The linear appearance and location of some traumatic microbleeds suggests a vascular origin. The aims of this study were to: (i) identify and characterize traumatic microbleeds in patients with acute traumatic brain injury; (ii) determine whether appearance of traumatic microbleeds predict clinical outcome; and (iii) describe the pathology underlying traumatic microbleeds in an index patient. Patients presenting to the emergency department following acute head trauma who received a head CT were enrolled within 48 h of injury and received a research MRI. Disability was defined using Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended ≤6 at follow-up. All magnetic resonance images were interpreted prospectively and were used for subsequent analysis of traumatic microbleeds. Lesions on T2* MRI were stratified based on 'linear' streak-like or 'punctate' petechial-appearing traumatic microbleeds. The brain of an enrolled subject imaged acutely was procured following death for evaluation of traumatic microbleeds using MRI targeted pathology methods. Of the 439 patients enrolled over 78 months, 31% (134/439) had evidence of punctate and/or linear traumatic microbleeds on MRI. Severity of injury, mechanism of injury, and CT findings were associated with traumatic microbleeds on MRI. The presence of traumatic microbleeds was an independent predictor of disability (P < 0.05; odds ratio = 2.5). No differences were found between patients with punctate versus linear appearing microbleeds. Post-mortem imaging and histology revealed traumatic microbleed co-localization with iron-laden macrophages, predominately seen in perivascular space. Evidence of axonal injury was not observed in co-localized histopathological sections. Traumatic microbleeds were prevalent in the population studied and predictive of worse outcome. The source of traumatic microbleed signal on MRI appeared to be iron-laden macrophages in the perivascular space tracking a network of injured vessels. While axonal injury in association with traumatic microbleeds cannot be excluded, recognizing traumatic microbleeds as a form of traumatic vascular injury may aid in identifying patients who could benefit from new therapies targeting the injured vasculature and secondary injury to parenchyma. |
| Author | Moses, Anita D Edwards, Nancy A Lodato, Zachary Latour, Lawrence L Griffin, Allison D Dardzinski, Bernard J Mitra, Partha P Perl, Daniel P Tolpygo, Alexander Nair, Govind Turtzo, L Christine Parikh, Gunjan Y Armstrong, Regina C Ray-Chaudhury, Abhik |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Allison D surname: Griffin fullname: Griffin, Allison D organization: Acute Cerebrovasular Diagnostics Unit of the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: L Christine surname: Turtzo fullname: Turtzo, L Christine organization: Acute Cerebrovasular Diagnostics Unit of the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Gunjan Y surname: Parikh fullname: Parikh, Gunjan Y organization: Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Alexander surname: Tolpygo fullname: Tolpygo, Alexander organization: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Zachary surname: Lodato fullname: Lodato, Zachary organization: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Anita D surname: Moses fullname: Moses, Anita D organization: Acute Cerebrovasular Diagnostics Unit of the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Govind surname: Nair fullname: Nair, Govind organization: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Daniel P surname: Perl fullname: Perl, Daniel P organization: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Nancy A surname: Edwards fullname: Edwards, Nancy A organization: Surgical Neurology Branch of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Bernard J surname: Dardzinski fullname: Dardzinski, Bernard J organization: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Regina C surname: Armstrong fullname: Armstrong, Regina C organization: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: Abhik surname: Ray-Chaudhury fullname: Ray-Chaudhury, Abhik organization: Surgical Neurology Branch of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: Partha P surname: Mitra fullname: Mitra, Partha P organization: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: Lawrence L surname: Latour fullname: Latour, Lawrence L organization: Acute Cerebrovasular Diagnostics Unit of the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31608359$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpNUElLw0AYHaRiF715ljl6iZ09maMUNyh4qVfDN0vKlCx1JlHqrzdoFU_vwVt4vDmatF3rEbqk5IYSzZcmQmiX8PHJNDlBMyoUyRiVavKPT9E8pR0hVHCmztCUU0UKLvUMvW4iDA30weIm2NiZ2nuXcBq2W596_A7JDjVEHNrdEA8YWof30btge-xCAhPq0B9GFfd_Pd-DjoFzdFpBnfzFERfo5f5us3rM1s8PT6vbdWaFJH1Gfc6MdVpyLiloJXMuTQEkl8RYpU1VWKu1cJQZrysJIhc5raAQXHDjqoot0PVP7z52b8O4vGxCsr6uofXdkErGiRxDSqrRenW0DqbxrtzH0EA8lL-fsC9rEmeC |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1186_s40560_024_00749_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms21020409 crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awab273 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2023_1202967 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2025_1630427 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0270973 crossref_primary_10_1002_mrm_30264 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00234_021_02839_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jchemneu_2023_102258 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nano_2022_102586 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00330_024_10889_z crossref_primary_10_15388_NS_2024_28_100_3 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11357_020_00280_3 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2023_0553 crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awae416 crossref_primary_10_1111_bpa_13136 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41380_021_01242_7 crossref_primary_10_1093_ageing_afab194 crossref_primary_10_1136_jnnp_2020_323951 crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awaa372 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nic_2023_01_009 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2025_0079 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40478_023_01612_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_lpm_2023_104180 crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci13091352 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2024_1410884 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tiv_2021_105227 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_92371_0 crossref_primary_10_3390_medsci9010010 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2021_793491 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41582_020_00428_x crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2021_711074 crossref_primary_10_1212_WNL_0000000000012192 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_90412_2 crossref_primary_10_1097_01_NT_0000615604_12785_e3 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2022_860112 crossref_primary_10_3390_nu13114092 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13760_022_01918_z crossref_primary_10_1177_10738584211012264 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_expneurol_2024_114702 crossref_primary_10_3171_2020_11_JNS203124 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2024_0136 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2021_0055 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines10061270 crossref_primary_10_1162_imag_a_00299 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40478_024_01840_w crossref_primary_10_1177_0271678X241270531 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuron_2024_06_021 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13311_021_01028_3 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40478_021_01220_8 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_expneurol_2020_113257 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_021_94891_1 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm14124078 crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2021_688254 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnagi_2021_717391 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csm_2020_08_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopsych_2021_06_005 crossref_primary_10_1097_TA_0000000000004041 crossref_primary_10_1177_19714009211049714 crossref_primary_10_1093_jnen_nlac100 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2021_779533 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_35768_3 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines13040881 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2021_0204 crossref_primary_10_1002_hbm_70050 crossref_primary_10_1177_1756286420911295 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2020_7373 crossref_primary_10_1001_jamanetworkopen_2024_26774 crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_74462 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroimage_2024_120680 crossref_primary_10_1080_02699052_2020_1725835 crossref_primary_10_3389_fneur_2020_00800 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms252111522 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jns_2024_123149 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25010283 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ynirp_2024_100199 crossref_primary_10_3390_neurolint17050064 crossref_primary_10_1093_jnen_nlaa157 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2019_6890 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tins_2024_07_003 crossref_primary_10_1097_ACO_0000000000001177 crossref_primary_10_26735_TWOF8450 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroscience_2021_05_030 crossref_primary_10_1002_adma_202306450 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10143_024_03071_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s10143_023_02085_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00401_025_02848_9 crossref_primary_10_1089_neu_2021_0037 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain 2019. This work is written by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US. |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain 2019. This work is written by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US. |
| DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1093/brain/awz290 |
| DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | no_fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Medicine |
| EISSN | 1460-2156 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 31608359 |
| Genre | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Journal Article Case Reports |
| GroupedDBID | --- -E4 -~X .2P .I3 .XZ .ZR 0R~ 1TH 23N 2WC 4.4 482 48X 53G 5GY 5RE 5VS 5WA 5WD 6PF 70D AABZA AACZT AAIMJ AAJKP AAJQQ AAMDB AAMVS AAOGV AAPNW AAPQZ AAPXW AARHZ AAUAY AAUQX AAVAP AAVLN AAWTL ABDFA ABEJV ABEUO ABGNP ABIVO ABIXL ABJNI ABKDP ABLJU ABMNT ABNHQ ABNKS ABPQP ABPTD ABQLI ABQNK ABVGC ABWST ABXVV ABXZS ABZBJ ACGFS ACIWK ACPRK ACUFI ACUTJ ACUTO ACYHN ADBBV ADEYI ADEZT ADGKP ADGZP ADHKW ADHZD ADIPN ADNBA ADOCK ADQBN ADRTK ADVEK ADYVW ADZXQ AEGPL AEJOX AEKSI AELWJ AEMDU AEMQT AENEX AENZO AEPUE AETBJ AEWNT AFFZL AFGWE AFIYH AFOFC AFXAL AFYAG AGINJ AGKEF AGQXC AGSYK AGUTN AHMBA AHMMS AHXPO AIJHB AJEEA AJNCP AKWXX ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALUQC ALXQX APIBT APWMN ARIXL ATGXG AXUDD AYOIW BAWUL BAYMD BCRHZ BEYMZ BHONS BQDIO BR6 BSWAC BTRTY BVRKM C45 CDBKE CGR COF CS3 CUY CVF CZ4 DAKXR DIK DILTD DU5 D~K E3Z EBS ECM EE~ EIF EMOBN ENERS F5P F9B FECEO FHSFR FLUFQ FOEOM FOTVD FQBLK GAUVT GJXCC GX1 H13 H5~ HAR HW0 HZ~ IOX J21 J5H JXSIZ KAQDR KBUDW KOP KQ8 KSI KSN L7B M-Z MHKGH ML0 N9A NGC NLBLG NOMLY NOYVH NPM O9- OAUYM OAWHX OBOKY OCZFY ODMLO OHH OJQWA OJZSN OK1 OPAEJ OVD OWPYF P2P PAFKI PEELM PQQKQ Q1. Q5Y R44 RD5 ROL ROX ROZ RUSNO RW1 RXO TCURE TEORI TJX TLC TR2 VVN W8F WH7 WOQ X7H YAYTL YKOAZ YSK YXANX ZKX ~91 7X8 AHGBF AJBYB |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c450t-1e72bcd953351a965735b8a0750bc69bf8cc994d12be9f5a47471fa84343bdff2 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X8 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 94 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000504323200031&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1460-2156 |
| IngestDate | Sun Sep 28 04:45:54 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 07:02:32 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 11 |
| Keywords | traumatic microbleeds traumatic vascular injury MRI biomarkers of traumatic brain injury radiological-pathological analysis mild traumatic brain injury |
| Language | English |
| License | Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain 2019. This work is written by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c450t-1e72bcd953351a965735b8a0750bc69bf8cc994d12be9f5a47471fa84343bdff2 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Case Study-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-4 content type line 23 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-3 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://academic.oup.com/brain/article-pdf/142/11/3550/30329801/awz290.pdf |
| PMID | 31608359 |
| PQID | 2305474656 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_2305474656 pubmed_primary_31608359 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2019-11-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2019-11-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 11 year: 2019 text: 2019-11-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England |
| PublicationTitle | Brain (London, England : 1878) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Brain |
| PublicationYear | 2019 |
| SSID | ssj0014326 |
| Score | 2.5910814 |
| Snippet | Traumatic microbleeds are small foci of hypointensity seen on T2*-weighted MRI in patients following head trauma that have previously been considered a marker... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 3550 |
| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Autopsy Axons - pathology Brain Injuries, Traumatic - diagnostic imaging Brain Injuries, Traumatic - pathology Disability Evaluation Female Glasgow Outcome Scale Humans Intracranial Hemorrhages - diagnostic imaging Intracranial Hemorrhages - pathology Iron - blood Macrophages - pathology Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Middle Aged Predictive Value of Tests Prospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed Treatment Outcome Vascular System Injuries - diagnostic imaging Vascular System Injuries - pathology |
| Title | Traumatic microbleeds suggest vascular injury and predict disability in traumatic brain injury |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31608359 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2305474656 |
| Volume | 142 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000504323200031&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LS8NAEF7Uinjx_agvVvAamk12k92TiFi8tPSg0JNln1LRtDapor_e2WSrJ0HwkssyYTNMdr7Zbx4IXUiiMmK0iRjN4ogqCFAElzzi3FIOMo4bXQ-byPt9PhyKQbhwK0Na5eJMrA9qM9H-jrwDUJnR3Hf3upy-Rn5qlGdXwwiNZdRKAcp4q86HPywCTZNQXRRH4NqykPgOQXxH-QEMHfn-mYj4d3BZO5nu5n-3t4U2ArzEV409bKMlW-ygtV4g0HfRA_imed2lFb_4VDz1DN6rxOX80fNMeJGXisfFEygby8Lg6cxLV9iEbrzVB6zi6vs99TcGgT103725u76NwoiFSFMWVxGxeaK08TmmjEiRsTxlikuPI5TOhHJcayGoIYmywjFJfQzrJPf1qMo4l-yjlWJS2EOEGYS0XMfECkapctTzf4AfhRGJzQwhbXS-0NwITNjzErKwk3k5-tFdGx006h9Nm14bo5RkHiSKoz9IH6N1gDOiqRQ8QS0HP7A9Rav6rRqXs7PaNuDZH_S-APwLxio |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Traumatic+microbleeds+suggest+vascular+injury+and+predict+disability+in+traumatic+brain+injury&rft.jtitle=Brain+%28London%2C+England+%3A+1878%29&rft.au=Griffin%2C+Allison+D&rft.au=Turtzo%2C+L+Christine&rft.au=Parikh%2C+Gunjan+Y&rft.au=Tolpygo%2C+Alexander&rft.date=2019-11-01&rft.eissn=1460-2156&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3550&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093%2Fbrain%2Fawz290&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31608359&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31608359&rft.externalDocID=31608359 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1460-2156&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1460-2156&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1460-2156&client=summon |