Unsupervised beyond-standard-model event discovery at the LHC with a novel quantum autoencoder

This study explores the potential of unsupervised anomaly detection for identifying physics beyond the standard model that may appear at proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. We introduce a novel quantum autoencoder circuit ansatz that is specifically designed for this task and demonstrate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Quantum machine intelligence Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 41
Main Authors: Duffy, Callum, Hassanshahi, Mohammad, Jastrzebski, Marcin, Malik, Sarah
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.06.2025
Subjects:
Artificial Intelligence
Computational Intelligence
Engineering
Quantum Information Technology
Spintronics
Entanglement entropy
Quantum autoencoder
High-energy physics
Anomaly detection
Magic
ISSN:2524-4906, 2524-4914, 2524-4914
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:This study explores the potential of unsupervised anomaly detection for identifying physics beyond the standard model that may appear at proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. We introduce a novel quantum autoencoder circuit ansatz that is specifically designed for this task and demonstrates superior performance compared to previous approaches. To assess its robustness, we evaluate the quantum autoencoder on various types of new physics ‘signal’ events and varying problem sizes. Additionally, we develop classical autoencoders that outperform previously proposed quantum autoencoders but remain outpaced by the new quantum ansatz, despite its significantly reduced number of trainable parameters. Finally, we investigate the properties of quantum autoencoder circuits, focusing on entanglement and magic. We introduce a novel metric in the context of parameterised quantum circuits, stabiliser 2-Rényi entropy to quantify magic, along with the previously studied Meyer-Wallach measure for entanglement. Intriguingly, both metrics decreased throughout the training process along with the decrease in the loss function. This appears to suggest that models preferentially learn parameters that reduce (but not minimise) these metrics. This study highlights the potential utility of quantum autoencoders in searching for physics beyond the standard model at the Large Hadron Collider and opens exciting avenues for further research into the role of entanglement and magic in quantum machine learning more generally.
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ISSN:2524-4906
2524-4914
2524-4914
DOI:10.1007/s42484-025-00258-4