Simulating burn severity maps at 30 meters in two forested regions in California

Climate change is altering wildfire and vegetation regimes in California’s forested ecosystems. Present day fires are seeing an increase in high burn severity area and high severity patch size. The ability to predict future burn severity patterns could better support policy and land management decis...

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Vydané v:	Environmental research letters Ročník 17; číslo 10; s. 105004 - 105017
Hlavní autori:	Sam, Jonathan A, Baldwin, W Jonathan, Westerling, A LeRoy, Preisler, Haiganoush K, Xu, Qingqing, Hurteau, Matthew D, Sleeter, Benjamin M, Thapa, Samrajya B
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Bristol IOP Publishing 01.10.2022
Predmet:	Acuity burn severity Climate change Clustering Decision making Emissions Fuels Habitat loss high severity patches Land management Performance assessment Random processes Simulation smoothing Vegetation Visual acuity Wildfires United States > US California
ISSN:	1748-9326, 1748-9326
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Abstract	Climate change is altering wildfire and vegetation regimes in California’s forested ecosystems. Present day fires are seeing an increase in high burn severity area and high severity patch size. The ability to predict future burn severity patterns could better support policy and land management decisions. Here we demonstrate a methodology to first, statistically estimate individual burn severity classes at 30 meters and second, cluster and smooth high severity patches onto a known landscape. Our goal here was not to exactly replicate observed burn severity maps, but rather to utilize observed maps as one realization of a random process dependent on climate, topography, fire weather, and fuels, to inform creation of additional realizations through our simulation technique. We developed two sets of empirical models with two different vegetation datasets to test if coarse vegetation could accurately model for burn severity. While visual acuity can be used to assess the performance of our simulation process, we also employ the Ripley’s K function to compare spatial point processes at different scales to test if the simulation is capturing an appropriate amount of clustering. We utilize FRAGSTATS to obtain high severity patch metrics to test the contiguity of our high severity simulation. Ripley’s K function helped identify the number of clustering iterations and FRAGSTATS showed how different focal window sizes affected our ability to cluster high severity patches. Improving our ability to simulate burn severity may help advance our understanding of the potential influence of land and fuels management on ecosystem-level response variables that are important for decision-makers. Simulated burn severity maps could support managing habitat and estimating risks of habitat loss, protecting infrastructure and homes, improving future wildfire emissions projections, and better mapping and planning for fuels treatment scenarios.
AbstractList	Climate change is altering wildfire and vegetation regimes in California’s forested ecosystems. Present day fires are seeing an increase in high burn severity area and high severity patch size. The ability to predict future burn severity patterns could better support policy and land management decisions. Here we demonstrate a methodology to first, statistically estimate individual burn severity classes at 30 meters and second, cluster and smooth high severity patches onto a known landscape. Our goal here was not to exactly replicate observed burn severity maps, but rather to utilize observed maps as one realization of a random process dependent on climate, topography, fire weather, and fuels, to inform creation of additional realizations through our simulation technique. We developed two sets of empirical models with two different vegetation datasets to test if coarse vegetation could accurately model for burn severity. While visual acuity can be used to assess the performance of our simulation process, we also employ the Ripley’s K function to compare spatial point processes at different scales to test if the simulation is capturing an appropriate amount of clustering. We utilize FRAGSTATS to obtain high severity patch metrics to test the contiguity of our high severity simulation. Ripley’s K function helped identify the number of clustering iterations and FRAGSTATS showed how different focal window sizes affected our ability to cluster high severity patches. Improving our ability to simulate burn severity may help advance our understanding of the potential influence of land and fuels management on ecosystem-level response variables that are important for decision-makers. Simulated burn severity maps could support managing habitat and estimating risks of habitat loss, protecting infrastructure and homes, improving future wildfire emissions projections, and better mapping and planning for fuels treatment scenarios. Climate change is altering wildfire and vegetation regimes in California’s forested ecosystems. Present day fires are seeing an increase in high burn severity area and high severity patch size. The ability to predict future burn severity patterns could better support policy and land management decisions. Here we demonstrate a methodology to first, statistically estimate individual burn severity classes at 30 meters and second, cluster and smooth high severity patches onto a known landscape. Our goal here was not to exactly replicate observed burn severity maps, but rather to utilize observed maps as one realization of a random process dependent on climate, topography, fire weather, and fuels, to inform creation of additional realizations through our simulation technique. We developed two sets of empirical models with two different vegetation datasets to test if coarse vegetation could accurately model for burn severity. While visual acuity can be used to assess the performance of our simulation process, we also employ the Ripley’s K function to compare spatial point processes at different scales to test if the simulation is capturing an appropriate amount of clustering. We utilize FRAGSTATS to obtain high severity patch metrics to test the contiguity of our high severity simulation. Ripley’s K function helped identify the number of clustering iterations and FRAGSTATS showed how different focal window sizes affected our ability to cluster high severity patches. Improving our ability to simulate burn severity may help advance our understanding of the potential influence of land and fuels management on ecosystem-level response variables that are important for decision-makers. Simulated burn severity maps could support managing habitat and estimating risks of habitat loss, protecting infrastructure and homes, improving future wildfire emissions projections, and better mapping and planning for fuels treatment scenarios.
Author	Baldwin, W Jonathan Westerling, A LeRoy Sleeter, Benjamin M Xu, Qingqing Preisler, Haiganoush K Hurteau, Matthew D Sam, Jonathan A Thapa, Samrajya B
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Jonathan A orcidid: 0000-0002-7208-6224 surname: Sam fullname: Sam, Jonathan A organization: Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California Merced , Merced, CA, United States of America – sequence: 2 givenname: W Jonathan orcidid: 0000-0001-5470-6306 surname: Baldwin fullname: Baldwin, W Jonathan organization: Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California Merced , Merced, CA, United States of America – sequence: 3 givenname: A LeRoy surname: Westerling fullname: Westerling, A LeRoy organization: Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California Merced , Merced, CA, United States of America – sequence: 4 givenname: Haiganoush K surname: Preisler fullname: Preisler, Haiganoush K organization: Retired, Pacific Southwest Research Station, United States Forest Service , Albany, CA, United States of America – sequence: 5 givenname: Qingqing orcidid: 0000-0001-9532-8815 surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Qingqing organization: Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California Merced , Merced, CA, United States of America – sequence: 6 givenname: Matthew D orcidid: 0000-0001-8457-8974 surname: Hurteau fullname: Hurteau, Matthew D organization: University of New Mexico Department of Biology, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America – sequence: 7 givenname: Benjamin M orcidid: 0000-0003-2371-9571 surname: Sleeter fullname: Sleeter, Benjamin M organization: United States Geological Survey, Western Geographic Science Center , Gig Harbor, WA, United States of America – sequence: 8 givenname: Samrajya B orcidid: 0000-0002-1674-6689 surname: Thapa fullname: Thapa, Samrajya B organization: Sierra Nevada Research Institute, University of California Merced , Merced, CA, United States of America
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Snippet	Climate change is altering wildfire and vegetation regimes in California’s forested ecosystems. Present day fires are seeing an increase in high burn severity...
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SubjectTerms	Acuity burn severity Climate change Clustering Decision making Emissions Fuels Habitat loss high severity patches Land management Performance assessment Random processes Simulation smoothing Vegetation Visual acuity Wildfires
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Title	Simulating burn severity maps at 30 meters in two forested regions in California
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