Simulation of Optical Remote-Sensing Scenes With Application to the EnMAP Hyperspectral Mission

The simulation of remote-sensing images is a useful tool for a variety of tasks, such as the definition of future Earth Observation systems, the optimization of instrument specifications, and the development and validation of data processing algorithms. A scene simulator for optical hyperspectral an...

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Vydané v:	IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing Ročník 47; číslo 7; s. 2340 - 2351
Hlavní autori:	Guanter, L., Segl, K., Kaufmann, H.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	New York, NY IEEE 01.07.2009 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Predmet:	Algorithms Analytical models Applied geophysics Atmospheric modeling Computer simulation Data processing Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) Exact sciences and technology Hyperspectral imaging Hyperspectral sensors Illumination Image sampling imaging spectroscopy instrumental noise Instruments Internal geophysics Layout Lighting Missions nonuniformity Optical sensors Radiance radiative transfer Remote sensing Sampling scene simulation Simulation Spectra scene simulation algorithms simulation radiative transfer instrumental noise sampling data processing remote sensing vegetation cartography clouds Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) nonuniformity instruments optimization spectroscopy imaging spectroscopy noise geometry transfer functions programs radiance
ISSN:	0196-2892, 1558-0644
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Shrnutí:	The simulation of remote-sensing images is a useful tool for a variety of tasks, such as the definition of future Earth Observation systems, the optimization of instrument specifications, and the development and validation of data processing algorithms. A scene simulator for optical hyperspectral and multispectral data has been implemented in the frame of the Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) mission. EnMAP is a German-built hyperspectral space sensor scheduled for launch in 2012. EnMAP will measure in the 420-2450-nm spectral range at a varying spectral sampling of 6.5-10 nm. Images will cover 30 times 30 km areas at an approximate ground sampling distance of 30 m. The EnMAP scene simulator presented in this paper is able to generate realistic EnMAP-like data in an automatic way under a set of user-driven instrumental and scene parameters. Radiance and digital numbers data are generated by five sequential processing modules which are able to produce data over a range of natural environments, acquisition and illumination geometries, cloud covers, and instrument configurations. The latter include the simulation of data nonuniformity in the spatial and spectral domains, spatially coherent and noncoherent instrumental noise, and instrument's modulation transfer function. Realistic surface patterns for the simulated data are provided by existing remote-sensing data in different environments, from dry geological sites to green vegetation areas. A flexible radiative transfer simulation scheme enables the generation of different illumination, observation, and atmospheric conditions. The methodology applied to the complete scene simulation and some sample results are presented and analyzed in this paper.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0196-2892 1558-0644
DOI:	10.1109/TGRS.2008.2011616