Prevalence Rate and Risk Factors of Victimization in Adult Patients With a Psychotic Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than perpetrator of violence. The objective of this meta-analysis was to review prevalence rates for different types of victimization and to iden...

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Vydáno v:Schizophrenia bulletin Ročník 45; číslo 1; s. 114 - 126
Hlavní autoři: de Vries, Bertine, van Busschbach, Jooske T, van der Stouwe, Elisabeth C D, Aleman, André, van Dijk, Jan J M, Lysaker, Paul H, Arends, Johan, Nijman, Saskia A, Pijnenborg, Gerdina H M
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: US Oxford University Press 01.01.2019
Témata:
Adult
Crime Victims - statistics & numerical data
Humans
Prevalence
Psychosis
Psychotic Disorders - epidemiology
Psychotic Disorders - physiopathology
Regular
Risk Factors
Schizophrenia - epidemiology
Schizophrenia - physiopathology
Victimization
trauma
meta-analysis
victim
schizophrenia
mental illness
violence
ISSN:0586-7614, 1745-1701, 1745-1701
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Abstract Abstract Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than perpetrator of violence. The objective of this meta-analysis was to review prevalence rates for different types of victimization and to identify risk factors associated with victimization. Based on a search in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, 27 studies were found with samples consisting of adults with a psychotic disorder and possible victimization occurring during adulthood and data on “violent victimization,” “sexual victimization,” “non-violent victimization,” and/or “victimization not otherwise specified.” The median prevalence rate for violent victimization was 20%, for sexual victimization 20%, nonviolent victimization 19%, and for victimization not otherwise specified 19%. Victimization rates were approximately 4–6 times higher than in the general community. Meta-analyses showed the following significant risk factors: delusion (OR = 1.69), hallucinations (OR = 1.70), manic symptoms (OR = 1.66), drugs (OR = 1.90) or alcohol abuse (OR = 2.05), perpetration of a crime (OR = 4.33), unemployment (OR = 1.31), and homelessness (OR = 2.49). Other risk factors like previous victimization, impaired social functioning, personality disorder, and living in a disadvantaged neighborhood were found only in 1 or 2 studies. Based on the results, we conclude that, depending on the examined time period, 1 in 5 (assessment period ≤3 y) or 1 in 3 (assessment period entire adulthood) people with a psychotic disorder was victim of a crime. Clinical, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors were significantly associated with victimization, as well as previous victimization. Prospective research into risk factors is needed to capture causal trajectories of victimization.
AbstractList Abstract Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than perpetrator of violence. The objective of this meta-analysis was to review prevalence rates for different types of victimization and to identify risk factors associated with victimization. Based on a search in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, 27 studies were found with samples consisting of adults with a psychotic disorder and possible victimization occurring during adulthood and data on “violent victimization,” “sexual victimization,” “non-violent victimization,” and/or “victimization not otherwise specified.” The median prevalence rate for violent victimization was 20%, for sexual victimization 20%, nonviolent victimization 19%, and for victimization not otherwise specified 19%. Victimization rates were approximately 4–6 times higher than in the general community. Meta-analyses showed the following significant risk factors: delusion (OR = 1.69), hallucinations (OR = 1.70), manic symptoms (OR = 1.66), drugs (OR = 1.90) or alcohol abuse (OR = 2.05), perpetration of a crime (OR = 4.33), unemployment (OR = 1.31), and homelessness (OR = 2.49). Other risk factors like previous victimization, impaired social functioning, personality disorder, and living in a disadvantaged neighborhood were found only in 1 or 2 studies. Based on the results, we conclude that, depending on the examined time period, 1 in 5 (assessment period ≤3 y) or 1 in 3 (assessment period entire adulthood) people with a psychotic disorder was victim of a crime. Clinical, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors were significantly associated with victimization, as well as previous victimization. Prospective research into risk factors is needed to capture causal trajectories of victimization.
Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than perpetrator of violence. The objective of this meta-analysis was to review prevalence rates for different types of victimization and to identify risk factors associated with victimization. Based on a search in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, 27 studies were found with samples consisting of adults with a psychotic disorder and possible victimization occurring during adulthood and data on “violent victimization,” “sexual victimization,” “non-violent victimization,” and/or “victimization not otherwise specified.” The median prevalence rate for violent victimization was 20%, for sexual victimization 20%, nonviolent victimization 19%, and for victimization not otherwise specified 19%. Victimization rates were approximately 4–6 times higher than in the general community. Meta-analyses showed the following significant risk factors: delusion (OR = 1.69), hallucinations (OR = 1.70), manic symptoms (OR = 1.66), drugs (OR = 1.90) or alcohol abuse (OR = 2.05), perpetration of a crime (OR = 4.33), unemployment (OR = 1.31), and homelessness (OR = 2.49). Other risk factors like previous victimization, impaired social functioning, personality disorder, and living in a disadvantaged neighborhood were found only in 1 or 2 studies. Based on the results, we conclude that, depending on the examined time period, 1 in 5 (assessment period ≤3 y) or 1 in 3 (assessment period entire adulthood) people with a psychotic disorder was victim of a crime. Clinical, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors were significantly associated with victimization, as well as previous victimization. Prospective research into risk factors is needed to capture causal trajectories of victimization.
Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than perpetrator of violence. The objective of this meta-analysis was to review prevalence rates for different types of victimization and to identify risk factors associated with victimization. Based on a search in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, 27 studies were found with samples consisting of adults with a psychotic disorder and possible victimization occurring during adulthood and data on "violent victimization," "sexual victimization," "non-violent victimization," and/or "victimization not otherwise specified." The median prevalence rate for violent victimization was 20%, for sexual victimization 20%, nonviolent victimization 19%, and for victimization not otherwise specified 19%. Victimization rates were approximately 4-6 times higher than in the general community. Meta-analyses showed the following significant risk factors: delusion (OR = 1.69), hallucinations (OR = 1.70), manic symptoms (OR = 1.66), drugs (OR = 1.90) or alcohol abuse (OR = 2.05), perpetration of a crime (OR = 4.33), unemployment (OR = 1.31), and homelessness (OR = 2.49). Other risk factors like previous victimization, impaired social functioning, personality disorder, and living in a disadvantaged neighborhood were found only in 1 or 2 studies. Based on the results, we conclude that, depending on the examined time period, 1 in 5 (assessment period ≤3 y) or 1 in 3 (assessment period entire adulthood) people with a psychotic disorder was victim of a crime. Clinical, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors were significantly associated with victimization, as well as previous victimization. Prospective research into risk factors is needed to capture causal trajectories of victimization.Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than perpetrator of violence. The objective of this meta-analysis was to review prevalence rates for different types of victimization and to identify risk factors associated with victimization. Based on a search in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, 27 studies were found with samples consisting of adults with a psychotic disorder and possible victimization occurring during adulthood and data on "violent victimization," "sexual victimization," "non-violent victimization," and/or "victimization not otherwise specified." The median prevalence rate for violent victimization was 20%, for sexual victimization 20%, nonviolent victimization 19%, and for victimization not otherwise specified 19%. Victimization rates were approximately 4-6 times higher than in the general community. Meta-analyses showed the following significant risk factors: delusion (OR = 1.69), hallucinations (OR = 1.70), manic symptoms (OR = 1.66), drugs (OR = 1.90) or alcohol abuse (OR = 2.05), perpetration of a crime (OR = 4.33), unemployment (OR = 1.31), and homelessness (OR = 2.49). Other risk factors like previous victimization, impaired social functioning, personality disorder, and living in a disadvantaged neighborhood were found only in 1 or 2 studies. Based on the results, we conclude that, depending on the examined time period, 1 in 5 (assessment period ≤3 y) or 1 in 3 (assessment period entire adulthood) people with a psychotic disorder was victim of a crime. Clinical, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors were significantly associated with victimization, as well as previous victimization. Prospective research into risk factors is needed to capture causal trajectories of victimization.
Author Aleman, André
van der Stouwe, Elisabeth C D
Arends, Johan
de Vries, Bertine
van Busschbach, Jooske T
Pijnenborg, Gerdina H M
Lysaker, Paul H
van Dijk, Jan J M
Nijman, Saskia A
AuthorAffiliation 8 Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ Drenthe, Assen, the Netherlands
7 Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
6 Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
4 Department of Neuroscience, BCN Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
1 Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
2 University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
5 International Victimology Institute INTERVICT, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
3 Department of Movement and Education, Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, the Netherlands
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 6 Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
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– name: 2 University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
– name: 4 Department of Neuroscience, BCN Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
– name: 5 International Victimology Institute INTERVICT, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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  surname: de Vries
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  surname: van der Stouwe
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  organization: University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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  surname: Aleman
  fullname: Aleman, André
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  fullname: Lysaker, Paul H
  organization: Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
– sequence: 7
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  surname: Arends
  fullname: Arends, Johan
  organization: Department of Psychotic Disorders, GGZ Drenthe, Assen, the Netherlands
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Saskia A
  surname: Nijman
  fullname: Nijman, Saskia A
  organization: University Medical Center Groningen, University Center of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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  givenname: Gerdina H M
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29547958$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com 2018
The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com 2018
– notice: The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
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Issue 1
Keywords trauma
meta-analysis
victim
schizophrenia
mental illness
violence
Language English
License This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)
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PublicationTitle Schizophrenia bulletin
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Snippet Abstract Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than...
Psychotic disorders often have been linked with violence. However, studies have shown that people with a psychotic disorder are more often victim than...
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StartPage 114
SubjectTerms Adult
Crime Victims - statistics & numerical data
Humans
Prevalence
Psychosis
Psychotic Disorders - epidemiology
Psychotic Disorders - physiopathology
Regular
Risk Factors
Schizophrenia - epidemiology
Schizophrenia - physiopathology
Victimization
Title Prevalence Rate and Risk Factors of Victimization in Adult Patients With a Psychotic Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6293237
Volume 45
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