Links between the unfolded protein response and the DNA damage response in hypoxia: a systematic review

Hypoxia is a feature of most solid tumours and predicts for poor prognosis. In radiobiological hypoxia (<0.1% O2) cells become up to three times more resistant to radiation. The biological response to radiobiological hypoxia is one of few physiologically relevant stresses that activates both the...

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Published in:Biochemical Society transactions Vol. 49; no. 3; p. 1251
Main Authors: Bolland, Hannah, Ma, Tiffany S, Ramlee, Syafiq, Ramadan, Kristijan, Hammond, Ester M
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 30.06.2021
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis - genetics
Cell Line, Tumor
DNA Damage
Humans
Hypoxia - genetics
Hypoxia - metabolism
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - pathology
Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases - genetics
Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism
Signal Transduction - genetics
Unfolded Protein Response - genetics
ER stress
hypoxia
replication stress
DDR
radiation
UPR
ISSN:1470-8752, 1470-8752
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Summary:Hypoxia is a feature of most solid tumours and predicts for poor prognosis. In radiobiological hypoxia (<0.1% O2) cells become up to three times more resistant to radiation. The biological response to radiobiological hypoxia is one of few physiologically relevant stresses that activates both the unfolded protein and DNA damage responses (UPR and DDR). Links between these pathways have been identified in studies carried out in normoxia. Based in part on these previous studies and recent work from our laboratory, we hypothesised that the biological response to hypoxia likely includes overlap between the DDR and UPR. While inhibition of the DDR is a recognised strategy for improving radiation response, the possibility of achieving this through targeting the UPR has not been realised. We carried out a systematic review to identify links between the DDR and UPR, in human cell lines exposed to <2% O2. Following PRISMA guidance, literature from January 2010 to October 2020 were retrieved via Ovid MEDLINE and evaluated. A total of 202 studies were included. LAMP3, ULK1, TRIB3, CHOP, NOXA, NORAD, SIAH1/2, DYRK2, HIPK2, CREB, NUPR1, JMJD2B, NRF2, GSK-3B, GADD45a, GADD45b, STAU1, C-SRC, HK2, CAV1, CypB, CLU, IGFBP-3 and SP1 were highlighted as potential links between the hypoxic DDR and UPR. Overall, we identified very few studies which demonstrate a molecular link between the DDR and UPR in hypoxia, however, it is clear that many of the molecules highlighted warrant further investigation under radiobiological hypoxia as these may include novel therapeutic targets to improve radiotherapy response.
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ISSN:1470-8752
1470-8752
DOI:10.1042/BST20200861