Confocal Raman spectroscopy: In vivo measurement of physiological skin parameters – A pilot study
•Depth concentration profiles for skin parameters were generated in vivo by CRS.•The curve profiles of in vivo data could be visualised within a few minutes.•The correlation between skin and blood cholesterol levels was investigated. In vivo application of confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) allows no...
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| Published in: | Journal of dermatological science Vol. 88; no. 3; pp. 280 - 288 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Netherlands
Elsevier B.V
01.12.2017
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| ISSN: | 0923-1811, 1873-569X, 1873-569X |
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| Abstract | •Depth concentration profiles for skin parameters were generated in vivo by CRS.•The curve profiles of in vivo data could be visualised within a few minutes.•The correlation between skin and blood cholesterol levels was investigated.
In vivo application of confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) allows non-invasive depth measurement of the skin. Thereby obtained knowledge of the skin composition is essential to reliably assess the actual skin state. Besides other components, the skin cholesterol concentration is of interest; however, little is known about its connection to the cholesterol concentration quantified in venous blood.
In this study, the skin composition of the volar forearm was characterised in vivo using CRS. In particular, the potential of CRS as a non-invasive method to determine cholesterol levels was validated.
Raman spectra of the volar forearm of 15 participants were recorded twice within two weeks. Depth concentration profiles for major skin components were generated. Stratum corneum (SC) thickness was calculated from water concentration profiles. In order to examine the usability of dermal CRS for cholesterol level determination, results were compared to fasting total cholesterol values in venous blood as determined by an enzymatic method.
Depth concentration profiles for the skin components of interest showed a comparable curve progression for the participants. It was possible to link changes in concentration to physiological processes. Moreover, age-related differences could be found. Several novel mathematical approaches for the comparison of the skin cholesterol content and the blood cholesterol concentration have been developed. However, no correlation passed the Bonferroni multiple testing correction.
CRS serves as useful tool for the in vivo monitoring of skin components and hydration. Concentration depth profiles provide information about the current skin condition. No distinct correlation between the skin and blood cholesterol concentration was found within the scope of the present study. Concerning this matter, the heterogeneous distribution of cholesterol in the skin may be a factor influencing these results. |
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| AbstractList | In vivo application of confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) allows non-invasive depth measurement of the skin. Thereby obtained knowledge of the skin composition is essential to reliably assess the actual skin state. Besides other components, the skin cholesterol concentration is of interest; however, little is known about its connection to the cholesterol concentration quantified in venous blood.BACKGROUNDIn vivo application of confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) allows non-invasive depth measurement of the skin. Thereby obtained knowledge of the skin composition is essential to reliably assess the actual skin state. Besides other components, the skin cholesterol concentration is of interest; however, little is known about its connection to the cholesterol concentration quantified in venous blood.In this study, the skin composition of the volar forearm was characterised in vivo using CRS. In particular, the potential of CRS as a non-invasive method to determine cholesterol levels was validated.OBJECTIVEIn this study, the skin composition of the volar forearm was characterised in vivo using CRS. In particular, the potential of CRS as a non-invasive method to determine cholesterol levels was validated.Raman spectra of the volar forearm of 15 participants were recorded twice within two weeks. Depth concentration profiles for major skin components were generated. Stratum corneum (SC) thickness was calculated from water concentration profiles. In order to examine the usability of dermal CRS for cholesterol level determination, results were compared to fasting total cholesterol values in venous blood as determined by an enzymatic method.METHODSRaman spectra of the volar forearm of 15 participants were recorded twice within two weeks. Depth concentration profiles for major skin components were generated. Stratum corneum (SC) thickness was calculated from water concentration profiles. In order to examine the usability of dermal CRS for cholesterol level determination, results were compared to fasting total cholesterol values in venous blood as determined by an enzymatic method.Depth concentration profiles for the skin components of interest showed a comparable curve progression for the participants. It was possible to link changes in concentration to physiological processes. Moreover, age-related differences could be found. Several novel mathematical approaches for the comparison of the skin cholesterol content and the blood cholesterol concentration have been developed. However, no correlation passed the Bonferroni multiple testing correction.RESULTSDepth concentration profiles for the skin components of interest showed a comparable curve progression for the participants. It was possible to link changes in concentration to physiological processes. Moreover, age-related differences could be found. Several novel mathematical approaches for the comparison of the skin cholesterol content and the blood cholesterol concentration have been developed. However, no correlation passed the Bonferroni multiple testing correction.CRS serves as useful tool for the in vivo monitoring of skin components and hydration. Concentration depth profiles provide information about the current skin condition. No distinct correlation between the skin and blood cholesterol concentration was found within the scope of the present study. Concerning this matter, the heterogeneous distribution of cholesterol in the skin may be a factor influencing these results.CONCLUSIONCRS serves as useful tool for the in vivo monitoring of skin components and hydration. Concentration depth profiles provide information about the current skin condition. No distinct correlation between the skin and blood cholesterol concentration was found within the scope of the present study. Concerning this matter, the heterogeneous distribution of cholesterol in the skin may be a factor influencing these results. •Depth concentration profiles for skin parameters were generated in vivo by CRS.•The curve profiles of in vivo data could be visualised within a few minutes.•The correlation between skin and blood cholesterol levels was investigated. In vivo application of confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) allows non-invasive depth measurement of the skin. Thereby obtained knowledge of the skin composition is essential to reliably assess the actual skin state. Besides other components, the skin cholesterol concentration is of interest; however, little is known about its connection to the cholesterol concentration quantified in venous blood. In this study, the skin composition of the volar forearm was characterised in vivo using CRS. In particular, the potential of CRS as a non-invasive method to determine cholesterol levels was validated. Raman spectra of the volar forearm of 15 participants were recorded twice within two weeks. Depth concentration profiles for major skin components were generated. Stratum corneum (SC) thickness was calculated from water concentration profiles. In order to examine the usability of dermal CRS for cholesterol level determination, results were compared to fasting total cholesterol values in venous blood as determined by an enzymatic method. Depth concentration profiles for the skin components of interest showed a comparable curve progression for the participants. It was possible to link changes in concentration to physiological processes. Moreover, age-related differences could be found. Several novel mathematical approaches for the comparison of the skin cholesterol content and the blood cholesterol concentration have been developed. However, no correlation passed the Bonferroni multiple testing correction. CRS serves as useful tool for the in vivo monitoring of skin components and hydration. Concentration depth profiles provide information about the current skin condition. No distinct correlation between the skin and blood cholesterol concentration was found within the scope of the present study. Concerning this matter, the heterogeneous distribution of cholesterol in the skin may be a factor influencing these results. In vivo application of confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) allows non-invasive depth measurement of the skin. Thereby obtained knowledge of the skin composition is essential to reliably assess the actual skin state. Besides other components, the skin cholesterol concentration is of interest; however, little is known about its connection to the cholesterol concentration quantified in venous blood. In this study, the skin composition of the volar forearm was characterised in vivo using CRS. In particular, the potential of CRS as a non-invasive method to determine cholesterol levels was validated. Raman spectra of the volar forearm of 15 participants were recorded twice within two weeks. Depth concentration profiles for major skin components were generated. Stratum corneum (SC) thickness was calculated from water concentration profiles. In order to examine the usability of dermal CRS for cholesterol level determination, results were compared to fasting total cholesterol values in venous blood as determined by an enzymatic method. Depth concentration profiles for the skin components of interest showed a comparable curve progression for the participants. It was possible to link changes in concentration to physiological processes. Moreover, age-related differences could be found. Several novel mathematical approaches for the comparison of the skin cholesterol content and the blood cholesterol concentration have been developed. However, no correlation passed the Bonferroni multiple testing correction. CRS serves as useful tool for the in vivo monitoring of skin components and hydration. Concentration depth profiles provide information about the current skin condition. No distinct correlation between the skin and blood cholesterol concentration was found within the scope of the present study. Concerning this matter, the heterogeneous distribution of cholesterol in the skin may be a factor influencing these results. |
| Author | Baierl, Andreas SheikhRezaei, Safoura Wolzt, Michael Binder, Lisa Gruber, Lukas Valenta, Claudia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Lisa surname: Binder fullname: Binder, Lisa organization: University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria – sequence: 2 givenname: Safoura surname: SheikhRezaei fullname: SheikhRezaei, Safoura organization: Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria – sequence: 3 givenname: Andreas surname: Baierl fullname: Baierl, Andreas organization: University of Vienna, Department for Statistics and Operations Research, Oskar-Morgenstern-Platz 1, 1090 Vienna, Austria – sequence: 4 givenname: Lukas surname: Gruber fullname: Gruber, Lukas organization: University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria – sequence: 5 givenname: Michael surname: Wolzt fullname: Wolzt, Michael organization: Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria – sequence: 6 givenname: Claudia surname: Valenta fullname: Valenta, Claudia email: claudia.valenta@univie.ac.at organization: University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28826690$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | 2017 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology Copyright © 2017 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
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| Keywords | SC Stratum corneum CRS NMF Confocal raman spectroscopy Cholesterol Non-invasive measurement TC |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Cholesterol Cholesterol - analysis Confocal raman spectroscopy Female Forearm Humans Male Middle Aged Non-invasive measurement Pilot Projects Skin - chemistry Skin Physiological Phenomena Spectrum Analysis, Raman - methods Stratum corneum Water - analysis Young Adult |
| Title | Confocal Raman spectroscopy: In vivo measurement of physiological skin parameters – A pilot study |
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