Transmission of Grapevine Red Blotch Virus by Spissistilus festinus [Say, 1830] (Hemiptera: Membracidae) between Free-Living Vines and Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Franc’

Grapevine red blotch disease emerged within the past decade, disrupting North American vine stock production and vineyard profitability. Our understanding of how grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV), the causal agent of the disease, interacts with its Vitis hosts and insect vector, Spissistilus festinu...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Viruses Jg. 14; H. 6; S. 1156
Hauptverfasser:	Hoyle, Victoria, Flasco, Madison T., Choi, Jiyeong, Cieniewicz, Elizabeth J., McLane, Heather, Perry, Keith, Dangl, Gerald, Rwahnih, Maher Al, Heck, Michelle, Loeb, Greg, Fuchs, Marc F.
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Basel MDPI AG 26.05.2022 MDPI
Schlagworte:	Blotch Cultivars disease control Economics Epidemiology Geminiviridae Grablovirus Grapevine red blotch virus Hybrids Inoculum insect vectors Insects profitability Proteins Spissistilus festinus Vines Vineyards viral load Viruses Vitis californica Vitis vinifera wine grapes Wineries & vineyards Oregon New York Canada United States > US Napa County California California France Switzerland
ISSN:	1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Abstract	Grapevine red blotch disease emerged within the past decade, disrupting North American vine stock production and vineyard profitability. Our understanding of how grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV), the causal agent of the disease, interacts with its Vitis hosts and insect vector, Spissistilus festinus, is limited. Here, we studied the capabilities of S. festinus to transmit GRBV from and to free-living vines, identified as first-generation hybrids of V. californica and V. vinifera ‘Sauvignon blanc’ (Vcal hybrids), and to and from V. vinifera ‘Cabernet franc’ (Vvin Cf) vines. The transmission rate of GRBV was high from infected Vcal hybrid vines to healthy Vcal hybrid vines (77%, 10 of 13) and from infected Vvin Cf vines to healthy Vcal hybrid vines (100%, 3 of 3). In contrast, the transmission rate of GRBV was low from infected Vcal hybrid vines to healthy Vvin Cf vines (15%, 2 of 13), and from infected Vvin Cf vines to healthy Vvin Cf vines (19%, 5 of 27). No association was found between transmission rates and GRBV titer in donor vines used in transmission assays, but the virus titer was higher in the recipient leaves of Vcal hybrid vines compared with recipient leaves of Vvin Cf vines. The transmission of GRBV from infected Vcal hybrid vines was also determined to be trans-stadial. Altogether, our findings revealed that free-living vines can be a source for the GRBV inoculum that is transmissible by S. festinus to other free-living vines and a wine grape cultivar, illustrating the interconnected roles of the two virus hosts in riparian areas and commercial vineyards, respectively, for virus spread. These new insights into red blotch disease epidemiology will inform the implementation of disease management strategies.
AbstractList	Grapevine red blotch disease emerged within the past decade, disrupting North American vine stock production and vineyard profitability. Our understanding of how grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV), the causal agent of the disease, interacts with its Vitis hosts and insect vector, Spissistilus festinus, is limited. Here, we studied the capabilities of S. festinus to transmit GRBV from and to free-living vines, identified as first-generation hybrids of V. californica and V. vinifera ‘Sauvignon blanc’ (Vcal hybrids), and to and from V. vinifera ‘Cabernet franc’ (Vvin Cf) vines. The transmission rate of GRBV was high from infected Vcal hybrid vines to healthy Vcal hybrid vines (77%, 10 of 13) and from infected Vvin Cf vines to healthy Vcal hybrid vines (100%, 3 of 3). In contrast, the transmission rate of GRBV was low from infected Vcal hybrid vines to healthy Vvin Cf vines (15%, 2 of 13), and from infected Vvin Cf vines to healthy Vvin Cf vines (19%, 5 of 27). No association was found between transmission rates and GRBV titer in donor vines used in transmission assays, but the virus titer was higher in the recipient leaves of Vcal hybrid vines compared with recipient leaves of Vvin Cf vines. The transmission of GRBV from infected Vcal hybrid vines was also determined to be trans-stadial. Altogether, our findings revealed that free-living vines can be a source for the GRBV inoculum that is transmissible by S. festinus to other free-living vines and a wine grape cultivar, illustrating the interconnected roles of the two virus hosts in riparian areas and commercial vineyards, respectively, for virus spread. These new insights into red blotch disease epidemiology will inform the implementation of disease management strategies.
Author	Choi, Jiyeong Heck, Michelle Flasco, Madison T. Fuchs, Marc F. Cieniewicz, Elizabeth J. McLane, Heather Rwahnih, Maher Al Dangl, Gerald Perry, Keith Loeb, Greg Hoyle, Victoria
AuthorAffiliation	6 Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA; gme1@cornell.edu 4 Department of Plant Pathology, Foundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; gsdangl@ucdavis.edu (G.D.); malrwahnih@ucdavis.edu (M.A.R.) 5 Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA 2 Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; ecienie@clemson.edu 1 School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA; mf725@cornell.edu (M.T.F.); jc3398@cornell.edu (J.C.); hlm9@cornell.edu (H.M.); marc.fuchs@cornell.edu (M.F.F.) 3 School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; klp3@cornell.edu (K.P.); mlc68@cornell.edu (M.H.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 4 Department of Plant Pathology, Foundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; gsdangl@ucdavis.edu (G.D.); malrwahnih@ucdavis.edu (M.A.R.) – name: 6 Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA; gme1@cornell.edu – name: 3 School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; klp3@cornell.edu (K.P.); mlc68@cornell.edu (M.H.) – name: 2 Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; ecienie@clemson.edu – name: 5 Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA – name: 1 School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA; mf725@cornell.edu (M.T.F.); jc3398@cornell.edu (J.C.); hlm9@cornell.edu (H.M.); marc.fuchs@cornell.edu (M.F.F.)
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Victoria surname: Hoyle fullname: Hoyle, Victoria – sequence: 2 givenname: Madison T. orcidid: 0000-0003-1841-8301 surname: Flasco fullname: Flasco, Madison T. – sequence: 3 givenname: Jiyeong surname: Choi fullname: Choi, Jiyeong – sequence: 4 givenname: Elizabeth J. surname: Cieniewicz fullname: Cieniewicz, Elizabeth J. – sequence: 5 givenname: Heather surname: McLane fullname: McLane, Heather – sequence: 6 givenname: Keith surname: Perry fullname: Perry, Keith – sequence: 7 givenname: Gerald surname: Dangl fullname: Dangl, Gerald – sequence: 8 givenname: Maher Al orcidid: 0000-0003-1589-9234 surname: Rwahnih fullname: Rwahnih, Maher Al – sequence: 9 givenname: Michelle orcidid: 0000-0003-0921-4489 surname: Heck fullname: Heck, Michelle – sequence: 10 givenname: Greg orcidid: 0000-0001-9056-785X surname: Loeb fullname: Loeb, Greg – sequence: 11 givenname: Marc F. orcidid: 0000-0001-5332-6766 surname: Fuchs fullname: Fuchs, Marc F.
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Copyright	2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2022 by the authors. 2022
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SubjectTerms	Blotch Cultivars disease control Economics Epidemiology Geminiviridae Grablovirus Grapevine red blotch virus Hybrids Inoculum insect vectors Insects profitability Proteins Spissistilus festinus Vines Vineyards viral load Viruses Vitis californica Vitis vinifera wine grapes Wineries & vineyards
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Title	Transmission of Grapevine Red Blotch Virus by Spissistilus festinus [Say, 1830] (Hemiptera: Membracidae) between Free-Living Vines and Vitis vinifera ‘Cabernet Franc’
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