A Transmission Efficiency Evaluation Method of Adaptive Coding Modulation for Ka-Band Data-Transmission of LEO EO Satellites

Nowadays low Earth orbit (LEO) Earth observation (EO) satellites commonly use constant coding modulation (CCM) or variable coding modulation (VCM) schemes for data transmission to ground stations (G/S). Compared with CCM and VCM, the adaptive coding modulation (ACM) could further improve the data th...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jg. 22; H. 14; S. 5423
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Zhongguo, Lu, Fan, Wang, Dabao, Zhang, Xiao, Li, Jionghui, Li, Jindong
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Basel MDPI AG 20.07.2022
MDPI
Schlagworte:
ISSN:1424-8220, 1424-8220
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Abstract Nowadays low Earth orbit (LEO) Earth observation (EO) satellites commonly use constant coding modulation (CCM) or variable coding modulation (VCM) schemes for data transmission to ground stations (G/S). Compared with CCM and VCM, the adaptive coding modulation (ACM) could further improve the data throughput of the link by making full use of link resource and the time-varying characteristics of atmospheric attenuation. In order to comprehensively study the data transmission performance, one new index which could be utilized as a quantitative index for the satellite-to-ground data transmission scheme selection, the transmission efficiency factor (TEF) of LEO satellites is proposed and defined as “the product of the link availability and the average useful data rate”. Then, the transmission efficiency of CCM, VCM and ACM at typical G/S with different weather characteristics at Ka-band is compared and analyzed. The results show that ACM is more suitable for the G/S with moderate and abundant rainfall. Compared with the CCM of MCS 28, for Beijing G/S and Sanya G/S, ACM not only improves the transmission efficiency with the TEF increased by 3.62% and 24.51%, respectively, but also improves the link availability with the outage period reduced by 82.47% and 75.18%, respectively.
AbstractList Nowadays low Earth orbit (LEO) Earth observation (EO) satellites commonly use constant coding modulation (CCM) or variable coding modulation (VCM) schemes for data transmission to ground stations (G/S). Compared with CCM and VCM, the adaptive coding modulation (ACM) could further improve the data throughput of the link by making full use of link resource and the time-varying characteristics of atmospheric attenuation. In order to comprehensively study the data transmission performance, one new index which could be utilized as a quantitative index for the satellite-to-ground data transmission scheme selection, the transmission efficiency factor (TEF) of LEO satellites is proposed and defined as “the product of the link availability and the average useful data rate”. Then, the transmission efficiency of CCM, VCM and ACM at typical G/S with different weather characteristics at Ka-band is compared and analyzed. The results show that ACM is more suitable for the G/S with moderate and abundant rainfall. Compared with the CCM of MCS 28, for Beijing G/S and Sanya G/S, ACM not only improves the transmission efficiency with the TEF increased by 3.62% and 24.51%, respectively, but also improves the link availability with the outage period reduced by 82.47% and 75.18%, respectively.
Nowadays low Earth orbit (LEO) Earth observation (EO) satellites commonly use constant coding modulation (CCM) or variable coding modulation (VCM) schemes for data transmission to ground stations (G/S). Compared with CCM and VCM, the adaptive coding modulation (ACM) could further improve the data throughput of the link by making full use of link resource and the time-varying characteristics of atmospheric attenuation. In order to comprehensively study the data transmission performance, one new index which could be utilized as a quantitative index for the satellite-to-ground data transmission scheme selection, the transmission efficiency factor (TEF) of LEO satellites is proposed and defined as "the product of the link availability and the average useful data rate". Then, the transmission efficiency of CCM, VCM and ACM at typical G/S with different weather characteristics at Ka-band is compared and analyzed. The results show that ACM is more suitable for the G/S with moderate and abundant rainfall. Compared with the CCM of MCS 28, for Beijing G/S and Sanya G/S, ACM not only improves the transmission efficiency with the TEF increased by 3.62% and 24.51%, respectively, but also improves the link availability with the outage period reduced by 82.47% and 75.18%, respectively.Nowadays low Earth orbit (LEO) Earth observation (EO) satellites commonly use constant coding modulation (CCM) or variable coding modulation (VCM) schemes for data transmission to ground stations (G/S). Compared with CCM and VCM, the adaptive coding modulation (ACM) could further improve the data throughput of the link by making full use of link resource and the time-varying characteristics of atmospheric attenuation. In order to comprehensively study the data transmission performance, one new index which could be utilized as a quantitative index for the satellite-to-ground data transmission scheme selection, the transmission efficiency factor (TEF) of LEO satellites is proposed and defined as "the product of the link availability and the average useful data rate". Then, the transmission efficiency of CCM, VCM and ACM at typical G/S with different weather characteristics at Ka-band is compared and analyzed. The results show that ACM is more suitable for the G/S with moderate and abundant rainfall. Compared with the CCM of MCS 28, for Beijing G/S and Sanya G/S, ACM not only improves the transmission efficiency with the TEF increased by 3.62% and 24.51%, respectively, but also improves the link availability with the outage period reduced by 82.47% and 75.18%, respectively.
Author Zhang, Xiao
Li, Jionghui
Lu, Fan
Wang, Dabao
Wang, Zhongguo
Li, Jindong
AuthorAffiliation 3 Beijing Engineering Research Center of EMC & Antenna Test, Beijing 100094, China
1 Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; wang_zhongguo@sohu.com (Z.W.); cast_wdb@126.com (D.W.); appspring2022@163.com (X.Z.); ljdcast@163.com (J.L.)
2 Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094, China; lijionghui@126.com
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094, China; lijionghui@126.com
– name: 3 Beijing Engineering Research Center of EMC & Antenna Test, Beijing 100094, China
– name: 1 Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China; wang_zhongguo@sohu.com (Z.W.); cast_wdb@126.com (D.W.); appspring2022@163.com (X.Z.); ljdcast@163.com (J.L.)
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Zhongguo
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3064-3096
  surname: Wang
  fullname: Wang, Zhongguo
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Fan
  surname: Lu
  fullname: Lu, Fan
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Dabao
  surname: Wang
  fullname: Wang, Dabao
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Xiao
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Xiao
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Jionghui
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Jionghui
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Jindong
  surname: Li
  fullname: Li, Jindong
BookMark eNplkktvEzEQx1eoiD7gwDewxAUOS-2x93VBCiFARaoeKGfLz9TRxg62N1IlPjxOUxApkjW2xv_52fM4r0588KaqXhP8ntIBXyYAwhoG9Fl1RhiwugfAJ_-cT6vzlNYYA6W0f1Gd0qYfCMFwVv2aodsofNq4lFzwaGGtU854dY8WOzFOIu-91ybfBY2CRTMtttntDJoH7fwKXQc9jQeRDRF9E_VH4TX6JLKoj8Aldrm4QWV9F9mMo8smvayeWzEm8-pxv6h-fF7czr_Wy5svV_PZslaMtbkmAGZQGho5aNBUENEzazqiWjU00ONO2g5DJ3tFsenbYkEzy3TT01a1DNOL6urA1UGs-Ta6jYj3PAjHHxwhrriI2anRcBgU07KXHeCOUaxlMZ1QUioJLbNQWB8OrO0kN0Yr43MU4xH0-Ma7O74KOz5Q0sPQFMDbR0AMPyeTMi8lUqUiwpswJQ5tSap0h-ylb55I12GKvpRqr2K46wbYZ3d5UKkYUorGcuXyQ0vK-27kBPP9lPC_U1Ii3j2J-PP9_7W_AbISvFk
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics13091639
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.actaastro.2016.07.027
10.3390/s19183831
10.1002/sat.1002
10.1002/sat.1350
10.1109/ESTEL.2012.6400108
10.3390/books978-3-0365-5362-7
10.1002/sat.1434
10.3390/s21041182
10.2514/6.2010-2176
10.3390/s19245399
10.11834/jrs.20210457
10.3390/s21092915
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
2022 by the authors. 2022
Copyright_xml – notice: 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: 2022 by the authors. 2022
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
3V.
7X7
7XB
88E
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
K9.
M0S
M1P
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.3390/s22145423
DatabaseName CrossRef
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central Korea
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic (New)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList Publicly Available Content Database
CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic


Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: Publicly Available Content Database
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
EISSN 1424-8220
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_29c4db8b7207430db4307acbbcb264f2
PMC9318295
10_3390_s22145423
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: National key R&D plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology
  grantid: 2021YFB2900405
– fundername: Beijing Nova Program
  grantid: Z211100002121138
GroupedDBID ---
123
2WC
53G
5VS
7X7
88E
8FE
8FG
8FI
8FJ
AADQD
AAHBH
AAYXX
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADMLS
AENEX
AFFHD
AFKRA
AFZYC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
BENPR
BPHCQ
BVXVI
CCPQU
CITATION
CS3
D1I
DU5
E3Z
EBD
ESX
F5P
FYUFA
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HH5
HMCUK
HYE
IAO
ITC
KQ8
L6V
M1P
M48
MODMG
M~E
OK1
OVT
P2P
P62
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
RNS
RPM
TUS
UKHRP
XSB
~8M
3V.
7XB
8FK
AZQEC
DWQXO
K9.
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c446t-122e9cd25b9d2d3a1a84fe71c6c952807bf7027b8c30e86c302d4f4d5836c6403
IEDL.DBID 7X7
ISICitedReferencesCount 1
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000832160600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1424-8220
IngestDate Tue Oct 14 18:57:21 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 04 01:59:26 EST 2025
Sun Nov 09 09:33:44 EST 2025
Tue Oct 07 07:26:29 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:14:23 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:30:40 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 14
Language English
License Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c446t-122e9cd25b9d2d3a1a84fe71c6c952807bf7027b8c30e86c302d4f4d5836c6403
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0002-3064-3096
OpenAccessLink https://www.proquest.com/docview/2694077920?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PMID 35891102
PQID 2694077920
PQPubID 2032333
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_29c4db8b7207430db4307acbbcb264f2
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9318295
proquest_miscellaneous_2695291115
proquest_journals_2694077920
crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_s22145423
crossref_primary_10_3390_s22145423
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 20220720
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-07-20
PublicationDate_xml – month: 7
  year: 2022
  text: 20220720
  day: 20
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Basel
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Basel
PublicationTitle Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher MDPI AG
MDPI
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
– name: MDPI
References ref_13
Wang (ref_24) 2021; 30
Wang (ref_14) 2013; 22
ref_33
ref_32
Zheng (ref_11) 2020; 29
ref_31
ref_30
Zhang (ref_16) 2019; 41
Lu (ref_29) 2021; 40
Yang (ref_10) 2014; 11
ref_19
ref_18
ref_17
Jin (ref_26) 2020; 29
Zhang (ref_15) 2016; 13
Zhang (ref_1) 2020; 38
Cao (ref_12) 2020; 40
Wang (ref_27) 2018; 15
Li (ref_6) 2016; 128
Li (ref_25) 2021; 25
ref_22
ref_21
ref_20
ref_3
ref_2
Zhu (ref_8) 2015; 24
Toptsidis (ref_23) 2012; 30
ref_28
Fan (ref_9) 2021; 30
ref_5
ref_4
ref_7
References_xml – ident: ref_7
– ident: ref_28
– volume: 128
  start-page: 385
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_6
  article-title: VCM-OFDM technique for advanced space communication system with high spectral efficiency
  publication-title: Acta Astronaut.
  doi: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2016.07.027
– ident: ref_32
– volume: 22
  start-page: 72
  year: 2013
  ident: ref_14
  article-title: Research on transmission effectiveness of remote sensing data from LEO satellite to earth at Ka-band
  publication-title: Spacecr. Eng.
– volume: 40
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_12
  article-title: System design and key technologies of the GF-7 satellite
  publication-title: Chin. Space Sci. Technol.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 157
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_26
  article-title: Design and verification of satellite variable coding modulation system
  publication-title: Spacecr. Eng.
– ident: ref_3
  doi: 10.3390/s19183831
– volume: 30
  start-page: 131
  year: 2012
  ident: ref_23
  article-title: Link adaptation for Ka-band low earth orbit EO satellite systems: A realistic performance assessment
  publication-title: Int. J. Satell. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1002/sat.1002
– volume: 30
  start-page: 36
  year: 2021
  ident: ref_9
  article-title: Operating mode design and on-orbit verification of GFDM-1 Satellite
  publication-title: Spacecr. Eng.
– volume: 38
  start-page: 437
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_1
  article-title: Research on application of variable coding modulation system based on Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite-2nd Generation in data transmission of near-earth remote sensing satellite
  publication-title: Int. J. Satell. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1002/sat.1350
– ident: ref_20
  doi: 10.1109/ESTEL.2012.6400108
– volume: 24
  start-page: 85
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_8
  article-title: Global high-resolution optical satellite overview (1): USA and Canada
  publication-title: Spacecr. Eng.
– ident: ref_18
– ident: ref_21
– ident: ref_5
  doi: 10.3390/books978-3-0365-5362-7
– volume: 11
  start-page: 20
  year: 2014
  ident: ref_10
  article-title: Research on satellite-borne high-speed adaptive transmission technique
  publication-title: Space Electron. Technol.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 105
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_27
  article-title: Design and implementation of S/X/Ka LEO remote sensing satellite data receiving system
  publication-title: Space Electron. Technol.
– volume: 40
  start-page: 204
  year: 2021
  ident: ref_29
  article-title: System demonstrations of Ka-band 5-Gbps data transmission for satellite applications
  publication-title: Int. J. Satell. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1002/sat.1434
– ident: ref_4
  doi: 10.3390/s21041182
– volume: 29
  start-page: 74
  year: 2020
  ident: ref_11
  article-title: Design and verification of data processing and transmission subsystem on GF-7 satellite
  publication-title: Spacecr. Eng.
– ident: ref_31
– ident: ref_33
– ident: ref_13
  doi: 10.2514/6.2010-2176
– volume: 30
  start-page: 69
  year: 2021
  ident: ref_24
  article-title: Analysis on application efficiency of adaptive coding and modulation for LEO remote sensing satellite at Ka-band
  publication-title: Spacecr. Eng.
– ident: ref_2
  doi: 10.3390/s19245399
– volume: 41
  start-page: 149
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_16
  article-title: Adaptive mode design of near-earth satellite data transmission link for resistance to rainfall attenuation at Ka-band
  publication-title: J. Natl. Univ. Def. Technol.
– volume: 25
  start-page: 251
  year: 2021
  ident: ref_25
  article-title: Update of remote sensing satellite ground system of China remote sensing satellite ground station
  publication-title: Natl. Remote Sens. Bull.
  doi: 10.11834/jrs.20210457
– ident: ref_17
– ident: ref_19
– volume: 13
  start-page: 78
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_15
  article-title: Adaptive coding and modulation for remote sensing satellite
  publication-title: Space Electron. Technol.
– ident: ref_22
– ident: ref_30
  doi: 10.3390/s21092915
SSID ssj0023338
Score 2.3813603
Snippet Nowadays low Earth orbit (LEO) Earth observation (EO) satellites commonly use constant coding modulation (CCM) or variable coding modulation (VCM) schemes for...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
StartPage 5423
SubjectTerms adaptive coding modulation
Data transmission
Efficiency
EO satellites
Ka-band data transmission
Rain
Satellites
transmission efficiency
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3Pa9VAEB6k9KAHUasYrWUtPXhZmuxusrvH1_YVQdsKKvQW9icWSlL6Xj35xzu7yQsvIPQihD1kJ2EzM9mZL9n9BuCIx0YprzStMJmnwlaKWtcY6mvLdfTMq2hysQl5eamur_W3rVJfaU3YQA88KO6YaSe8VVayFOxKb7GRxlnrLMbymGffUuoNmBqhFkfkNfAIcQT1xyuWCLkF47Pok0n6Z5nlfF3kVqA5fwHPxwyRLIaRvYQnoXsFz7Z4A_fgz4LkGIM2Sh-7yDLzQKRNlGQ5sXeTi1wcmvSRLLy5S9MaOe1TqCIXvR-rdhHMWckXQ09M58mZWRs6uzFe-3V5RfD4bjJ1Jyamr-Hn-fLH6Wc6llGgDrHemlaMBe08q61G3XNTGSVikJVrnK4TGY6NEsGpVY6XQTXYMi-i8LXijWtEyd_ATtd34S0QFRqPAMlVsXbC-IhXCiswq_BNqJg3BXzaqLd1I8d4KnVx2yLWSJZoJ0sUcDiJ3g3EGv8SOkk2mgQSF3Y-gR7Sjh7SPuYhBexvLNyOL-iqTRt4Syk1Kwv4OHWjdtP_EtOF_iHL1CwFg7oAOfOM2YDmPd3Nr0zSrXGyZLp-9z-e4D08ZWnXRSlxUtuHnfX9Q_gAu-73-mZ1f5A9_y8fdQvm
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
Title A Transmission Efficiency Evaluation Method of Adaptive Coding Modulation for Ka-Band Data-Transmission of LEO EO Satellites
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2694077920
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2695291115
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9318295
https://doaj.org/article/29c4db8b7207430db4307acbbcb264f2
Volume 22
WOSCitedRecordID wos000832160600001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1424-8220
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0023338
  issn: 1424-8220
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1424-8220
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0023338
  issn: 1424-8220
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health Medical collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1424-8220
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0023338
  issn: 1424-8220
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1424-8220
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0023338
  issn: 1424-8220
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1424-8220
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0023338
  issn: 1424-8220
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lj9MwELZglwMceCMCS2UQBy7WJo4T2yfULlmBoKXiIZVT5EcMK6GktF1OiN_OjJt2NxLighT5YI8TK2PPy_Y3hDzPQ6mUV5plYMwzYTPFrCsN84XNdfDcq2Bisgk5m6nFQs_7gNu6P1a5k4lRUPvOYYz8GG9cplJqnr5c_mCYNQp3V_sUGlfJIabNxnkuFxcOVw7-1xZNKAfX_njNEZZb8HyggyJU_8C-HJ6OvKRuTm_970Bvk5u9oUnH25lxh1xp2rvkxiX4wXvk15hGVQWsxpgZrSKcBN7FpNUeBJxOY45p2gU69maJ0pGedKjx6LTzffIvCqYvfWvYxLSevjIbwwYvhr7vqvcUno8mIoCCfXuffD6tPp28Zn02BubAZdywjPNGO88Lq4GFucmMEqGRmSudLhBTxwYJPq5VLk8bVULJvQjCFyovXSnS_AE5aLu2eUioakoPfpbLQuGE8QF6CivAOPFlk3FvEvJix5_a9VDlmDHjew0uC7Ky3rMyIc_2pMstPsffiCbI5D0BQmrHim71te5XaM21E94qKzlaVam3UEjjrHUWjMbAE3K043fdr_N1fcHshDzdN8PfxW0X0zbdeaQpOOqUIiFyMLUGAxq2tGffIta3BpnLdfHo3x9_TK5zvJaRSpB6R-RgszpvnpBr7ufmbL0axUURSzUih5NqNv8wirEHKKe_K6ibv5nOv_wBaFAf-Q
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1ba9RAFD7UKqgP3sVo1VEUfAlNJpeZeRDZtlta9qJghX1L5xZbKMm6u1UEf5O_0TOzSdqA-NYHIcxD5pLJ5Mu5zOU7AG-SMufccBHGaMyHqYp5qHQuQ5OpRJSGGl5KH2yCTad8NhOfNuB3exbGbatsZaIX1KbWbo582524jBgTNPow_xa6qFFudbUNobGGxcj-_IEu2_L94R5-37eU7g-Pdg_CJqpAqNH1WYUxpVZoQzMlsCuJjCVPS8tinWuROW4YVTL01RTXSWR5jik1aZmajCe5ztMowXavwXWU48w5e2x24eAl6O-t2YuSRETbS-powFOa9HSeDw3Qs2f7uzEvqbf9u__bwNyDO40hTQZr5N-HDVs9gNuX6BUfwq8B8aoYoezmBMnQ02W4s6Zk2JGck4mPoU3qkgyMnDvpT3Zrp9HJpDZNcDOCpj0ZyXBHVobsyZUMew1j3fHwI8Hrs_QMp2i_P4IvV_L6j2Gzqiv7BAi3uUE_UsdlplNpSqyZqhSNL5PbmBoZwLsWD4VuqNhdRJCzAl0yB52ig04Ar7ui8zX_yN8K7ThQdQUcZbi_US--Fo0EKqjQqVFcMeqsxsgoTJjUSmmFRnFJA9hq8VU0cmxZXIArgFddNo6uW1aSla3PfZmMOp2ZBcB6UO51qJ9TnZ54LnOBOoWK7Om_H_4Sbh4cTcbF-HA6ega3qDuCEjGU8FuwuVqc2-dwQ39fnS4XL_wPSeD4qoH-B5SbdR4
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1bb9MwFD4aHULwwB0RGGAQSLxETRwnsR8Q6tZWVF1LJUDanoIv8TYJJaXtQEj8Mn4dx2kSFgnxtgekKA-xnevnc77j2N8BeBnZhHPDhR8imfeZCrmvdCJ9E6tIWEMNt7JKNpHO5_zoSCx24FezFsZNq2xsYmWoTandGHnfrbgM0lTQoG_raRGL4fjt8qvvMki5P61NOo0tRKb5j-8Yvq3fTIb4rV9ROh59PHjn1xkGfI1h0MYPKc2FNjRWAm8rkqHkzOZpqBMtYqcTo2yKcZviOgpynuCeGmaZiXmU6IQFEZ73CuwiJWe0B7uLyWxx3IZ7EUZ_Wy2jKBJBf02dKDijUccDVokCOuy2OzfzgrMb3_qfX9NtuFlTbDLY9ok7sJMXd-HGBeHFe_BzQConjSB3o4VkVAlpuFWoZNTKn5NZlV2blJYMjFw6v0AOSufryaw0ddozgqSfTKW_LwtDhnIj_c6Jse3h6D3B7YOstE-R2d-HT5fy-A-gV5RF_hAIzxODEaYObayZNBZbMsWQlpkkD6mRHrxusJHpWqTd5Qr5kmGw5mCUtTDy4EVbdblVJvlbpX0HsLaCExOvDpSrk6y2TRkVmhnFVUodnwyMwl0qtVJaIV221IO9BmtZbeHW2R-gefC8Lca36344ySIvz6s6MXXeNPYg7cC6c0PdkuLstFI5F-htqIgf_fviz-Aa4js7nMynj-E6dWtTghRN_x70Nqvz_Alc1d82Z-vV07p3Evh82Uj_DbElf20
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Transmission+Efficiency+Evaluation+Method+of+Adaptive+Coding+Modulation+for+Ka-Band+Data-Transmission+of+LEO+EO+Satellites&rft.jtitle=Sensors+%28Basel%2C+Switzerland%29&rft.au=Wang%2C+Zhongguo&rft.au=Lu%2C+Fan&rft.au=Wang%2C+Dabao&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Xiao&rft.date=2022-07-20&rft.issn=1424-8220&rft.eissn=1424-8220&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=14&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fs22145423&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1424-8220&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1424-8220&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1424-8220&client=summon