CEST MRI data analysis using Kolmogorov‐Arnold network (KAN) and Lorentzian‐KAN (LKAN) models

Purpose To investigate the potential of using Kolmogorov‐Arnold Network (KAN) and propose Lorentzian‐KAN (LKAN) for CEST MRI data analysis (CEST‐KAN/CEST‐LKAN). Methods CEST MRI data acquired from 27 healthy volunteers at 3 T were used in this study. Data from 25 subjects were used for training and...

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Published in:Magnetic resonance in medicine Vol. 94; no. 3; pp. 1301 - 1317
Main Authors: Wang, Jiawen, Cai, Pei, Wang, Ziyan, Zhang, Huabin, Huang, Jianpan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.09.2025
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:
Adult
Algorithms
Brain - diagnostic imaging
chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)
Computer Processing and Modeling
Correlation analysis
Data acquisition
Data analysis
Feasibility studies
Female
Healthy Volunteers
human brain
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods
Kolmogorov‐Arnold network (KAN)
Lorentzian‐KAN (LKAN)
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
multi‐pool Lorentzian fitting (MPLF)
Overhauser effect
Parameters
Reproducibility of Results
Spectra
Young Adult
human brain
Kolmogorov‐Arnold network (KAN)
multi‐pool Lorentzian fitting (MPLF)
Lorentzian‐KAN (LKAN)
chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST)
ISSN:0740-3194, 1522-2594, 1522-2594
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Purpose To investigate the potential of using Kolmogorov‐Arnold Network (KAN) and propose Lorentzian‐KAN (LKAN) for CEST MRI data analysis (CEST‐KAN/CEST‐LKAN). Methods CEST MRI data acquired from 27 healthy volunteers at 3 T were used in this study. Data from 25 subjects were used for training and validation (548 865 Z‐spectra), whereas the remaining two were reserved for testing (51 977 Z‐spectra). The performance of multi‐layer perceptron (MLP), KAN, and LKAN models was evaluated and compared to conventional multi‐pool Lorentzian fitting (MPLF) method in generating ΔB0, water, and multiple CEST contrasts, including amide, relayed nuclear Overhauser effect (rNOE), and magnetization transfer (MT). Results The KAN and LKAN showed higher accuracy in predicting CEST parameters compared to MLP, with average reductions in test loss of 28.37% and 32.17%, respectively. Voxel‐wise correlation analysis also revealed that ΔB0 and four other CEST parameters from the KAN and LKAN had higher average Pearson coefficients than MLP by 1.57% and 2.84%, indicating superior performance. LKAN exhibited a shorter average training time by 37.26% and a smaller average test loss by 5.29% compared to the KAN. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that even smaller KAN and LKAN could achieve better accuracy than MLPs, with both KAN and LKAN showing greater robustness to noisy data compared to MLP. Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility of KAN and LKAN for CEST MRI data analysis, highlighting their superiority over MLP. The findings suggest that CEST‐KAN and CEST‐LKAN have the potential to be robust and reliable post‐analysis tools for CEST MRI in clinical settings.
Bibliography:Jiawen Wang and Pei Cai contributed equally to this work.
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ISSN:0740-3194
1522-2594
1522-2594
DOI:10.1002/mrm.30548