Ghost in the Shell: Evidence for Past Active Galactic Nucleus Activities in NGC 5195 from a Newly Discovered Large-scale Ionized Structure
The early-type galaxy NGC 5195 (alternatively known as M51b) possesses extended gas features detected in the multiwavelength, postulated to be associated with previous activities of the central supermassive black hole. Using integral field spectroscopic observations from the Canada–France–Hawaii Tel...
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| Published in: | The Astrophysical journal Vol. 943; no. 1; pp. 28 - 35 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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01.01.2023
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| ISSN: | 0004-637X, 1538-4357 |
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| Abstract | The early-type galaxy NGC 5195 (alternatively known as M51b) possesses extended gas features detected in the multiwavelength, postulated to be associated with previous activities of the central supermassive black hole. Using integral field spectroscopic observations from the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/SITELLE, we report on the discovery of a new large-scale ionized gas structure traced by [O
iii
], [N
ii
], and H
α
line emission, extending to ∼10 kpc from the nucleus of NGC 5195. Its bipolar morphology, emission-line ratio diagnostics, and comparison with the X-ray image from Chandra and low-frequency radio data from LOFAR all indicate that it is likely an outflow inflated by a past episode of elevated active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. Assuming the ionized gas is outflowing from the central region of NGC 5195, the estimated mass and energy outflow rates are
M
̇
out
=
3.5
–27.9
M
☉
yr
−1
and
E
̇
out
=
0.98
–7.9 × 10
40
erg s
−1
, respectively, which cannot be provided by current star formation and the low-luminosity nucleus. Alternatively, considering the history of gravitational interaction between the M51 pair and the presence of the H
i
tidal tail, the northern large-scale ionized gas could very likely be associated with tidally stripped material illuminated by a luminous AGN in the past. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The early-type galaxy NGC 5195 (alternatively known as M51b) possesses extended gas features detected in the multiwavelength, postulated to be associated with previous activities of the central supermassive black hole. Using integral field spectroscopic observations from the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/SITELLE, we report on the discovery of a new large-scale ionized gas structure traced by [O iii], [N ii], and Hα line emission, extending to ∼10 kpc from the nucleus of NGC 5195. Its bipolar morphology, emission-line ratio diagnostics, and comparison with the X-ray image from Chandra and low-frequency radio data from LOFAR all indicate that it is likely an outflow inflated by a past episode of elevated active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. Assuming the ionized gas is outflowing from the central region of NGC 5195, the estimated mass and energy outflow rates are Ṁout=3.5–27.9 M☉ yr−1 and Ėout=0.98–7.9 × 1040 erg s−1, respectively, which cannot be provided by current star formation and the low-luminosity nucleus. Alternatively, considering the history of gravitational interaction between the M51 pair and the presence of the H i tidal tail, the northern large-scale ionized gas could very likely be associated with tidally stripped material illuminated by a luminous AGN in the past. The early-type galaxy NGC 5195 (alternatively known as M51b) possesses extended gas features detected in the multiwavelength, postulated to be associated with previous activities of the central supermassive black hole. Using integral field spectroscopic observations from the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/SITELLE, we report on the discovery of a new large-scale ionized gas structure traced by [O iii ], [N ii ], and H α line emission, extending to ∼10 kpc from the nucleus of NGC 5195. Its bipolar morphology, emission-line ratio diagnostics, and comparison with the X-ray image from Chandra and low-frequency radio data from LOFAR all indicate that it is likely an outflow inflated by a past episode of elevated active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. Assuming the ionized gas is outflowing from the central region of NGC 5195, the estimated mass and energy outflow rates are M ̇ out = 3.5 –27.9 M ☉ yr −1 and E ̇ out = 0.98 –7.9 × 10 40 erg s −1 , respectively, which cannot be provided by current star formation and the low-luminosity nucleus. Alternatively, considering the history of gravitational interaction between the M51 pair and the presence of the H i tidal tail, the northern large-scale ionized gas could very likely be associated with tidally stripped material illuminated by a luminous AGN in the past. The early-type galaxy NGC 5195 (alternatively known as M51b) possesses extended gas features detected in the multiwavelength, postulated to be associated with previous activities of the central supermassive black hole. Using integral field spectroscopic observations from the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope/SITELLE, we report on the discovery of a new large-scale ionized gas structure traced by [O iii ], [N ii ], and H α line emission, extending to ∼10 kpc from the nucleus of NGC 5195. Its bipolar morphology, emission-line ratio diagnostics, and comparison with the X-ray image from Chandra and low-frequency radio data from LOFAR all indicate that it is likely an outflow inflated by a past episode of elevated active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity. Assuming the ionized gas is outflowing from the central region of NGC 5195, the estimated mass and energy outflow rates are ${\dot{M}}_{\mathrm{out}}=3.5$ –27.9 M _☉ yr ^−1 and ${\dot{E}}_{\mathrm{out}}=0.98$ –7.9 × 10 ^40 erg s ^−1 , respectively, which cannot be provided by current star formation and the low-luminosity nucleus. Alternatively, considering the history of gravitational interaction between the M51 pair and the presence of the H i tidal tail, the northern large-scale ionized gas could very likely be associated with tidally stripped material illuminated by a luminous AGN in the past. |
| Author | Xu, Xiaoyu Wang, Junfeng |
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| SubjectTerms | Active galactic nuclei Astrophysics Black holes Galaxies H alpha line Interacting galaxies Interstellar medium LF radio LINER galaxies LOFAR Low-luminosity active galactic nuclei Luminosity Outflow Spectroscopic observation Star & galaxy formation Star formation Supermassive black holes |
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| Title | Ghost in the Shell: Evidence for Past Active Galactic Nucleus Activities in NGC 5195 from a Newly Discovered Large-scale Ionized Structure |
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