A Toxicological Evaluation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a Green Algae

There is a current worldwide interest in developing novel sustainable nonanimal nutritional sources, and one such source is the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the only green algae that has been studied as a model organism for many biological processes ranging from photosynthesis to flagellar...

Celý popis

Uložené v:
Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:International journal of toxicology Ročník 37; číslo 1; s. 53
Hlavní autori: Murbach, Timothy S, Glávits, Róbert, Endres, John R, Hirka, Gábor, Vértesi, Adél, Béres, Erzsébet, Szakonyiné, Ilona Pasics
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States 01.01.2018
Predmet:
Animals
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - physiology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Food Safety
Humans
Male
Micronucleus Tests
No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
Rats
toxicity
algal biomass
mutagenicity
green algae
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
safety
NOAEL
ISSN:1092-874X, 1092-874X
On-line prístup:Zistit podrobnosti o prístupe
Tagy: Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
Abstract There is a current worldwide interest in developing novel sustainable nonanimal nutritional sources, and one such source is the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the only green algae that has been studied as a model organism for many biological processes ranging from photosynthesis to flagellar movement. However, its potential as a safe nutritional source for use in various foods has not been thoroughly investigated. To assess the safety of C reinhardtii for use as a nutritional human food ingredient, in accordance with internationally accepted standards, the genotoxic potential and repeated-dose oral toxicity of the dried C reinhardtii (THN 6) algal biomass was investigated. The following studies were conducted: (1) a bacterial reverse mutation test, (2) an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test, (3) an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test, and (4) a 28-day repeated-dose oral toxicity study in rats. No evidence of mutagenicity or genotoxic activity was observed in the first 3 tests under the applied test systems. In the 28-day study, male and female Hsd.Han Wistar rats were exposed to daily doses of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/kg bw by gavage. Following 28 days of continuous exposure, no mortality or treatment-related adverse effects were observed and no target organs were identified. Therefore, a no observed adverse effect level was concluded as 4,000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
AbstractList There is a current worldwide interest in developing novel sustainable nonanimal nutritional sources, and one such source is the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the only green algae that has been studied as a model organism for many biological processes ranging from photosynthesis to flagellar movement. However, its potential as a safe nutritional source for use in various foods has not been thoroughly investigated. To assess the safety of C reinhardtii for use as a nutritional human food ingredient, in accordance with internationally accepted standards, the genotoxic potential and repeated-dose oral toxicity of the dried C reinhardtii (THN 6) algal biomass was investigated. The following studies were conducted: (1) a bacterial reverse mutation test, (2) an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test, (3) an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test, and (4) a 28-day repeated-dose oral toxicity study in rats. No evidence of mutagenicity or genotoxic activity was observed in the first 3 tests under the applied test systems. In the 28-day study, male and female Hsd.Han Wistar rats were exposed to daily doses of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/kg bw by gavage. Following 28 days of continuous exposure, no mortality or treatment-related adverse effects were observed and no target organs were identified. Therefore, a no observed adverse effect level was concluded as 4,000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
There is a current worldwide interest in developing novel sustainable nonanimal nutritional sources, and one such source is the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the only green algae that has been studied as a model organism for many biological processes ranging from photosynthesis to flagellar movement. However, its potential as a safe nutritional source for use in various foods has not been thoroughly investigated. To assess the safety of C reinhardtii for use as a nutritional human food ingredient, in accordance with internationally accepted standards, the genotoxic potential and repeated-dose oral toxicity of the dried C reinhardtii (THN 6) algal biomass was investigated. The following studies were conducted: (1) a bacterial reverse mutation test, (2) an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test, (3) an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test, and (4) a 28-day repeated-dose oral toxicity study in rats. No evidence of mutagenicity or genotoxic activity was observed in the first 3 tests under the applied test systems. In the 28-day study, male and female Hsd.Han Wistar rats were exposed to daily doses of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/kg bw by gavage. Following 28 days of continuous exposure, no mortality or treatment-related adverse effects were observed and no target organs were identified. Therefore, a no observed adverse effect level was concluded as 4,000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.There is a current worldwide interest in developing novel sustainable nonanimal nutritional sources, and one such source is the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the only green algae that has been studied as a model organism for many biological processes ranging from photosynthesis to flagellar movement. However, its potential as a safe nutritional source for use in various foods has not been thoroughly investigated. To assess the safety of C reinhardtii for use as a nutritional human food ingredient, in accordance with internationally accepted standards, the genotoxic potential and repeated-dose oral toxicity of the dried C reinhardtii (THN 6) algal biomass was investigated. The following studies were conducted: (1) a bacterial reverse mutation test, (2) an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test, (3) an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test, and (4) a 28-day repeated-dose oral toxicity study in rats. No evidence of mutagenicity or genotoxic activity was observed in the first 3 tests under the applied test systems. In the 28-day study, male and female Hsd.Han Wistar rats were exposed to daily doses of 0, 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 mg/kg bw by gavage. Following 28 days of continuous exposure, no mortality or treatment-related adverse effects were observed and no target organs were identified. Therefore, a no observed adverse effect level was concluded as 4,000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
Author Endres, John R
Hirka, Gábor
Béres, Erzsébet
Murbach, Timothy S
Glávits, Róbert
Szakonyiné, Ilona Pasics
Vértesi, Adél
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Timothy S
  surname: Murbach
  fullname: Murbach, Timothy S
  organization: 1 AIBMR Life Sciences, Inc, Seattle, WA, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Róbert
  surname: Glávits
  fullname: Glávits, Róbert
  organization: 2 Toxi-Coop Zrt., Budapest, Hungary
– sequence: 3
  givenname: John R
  surname: Endres
  fullname: Endres, John R
  organization: 1 AIBMR Life Sciences, Inc, Seattle, WA, USA
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Gábor
  surname: Hirka
  fullname: Hirka, Gábor
  organization: 2 Toxi-Coop Zrt., Budapest, Hungary
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Adél
  surname: Vértesi
  fullname: Vértesi, Adél
  organization: 2 Toxi-Coop Zrt., Budapest, Hungary
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Erzsébet
  surname: Béres
  fullname: Béres, Erzsébet
  organization: 2 Toxi-Coop Zrt., Budapest, Hungary
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Ilona Pasics
  surname: Szakonyiné
  fullname: Szakonyiné, Ilona Pasics
  organization: 2 Toxi-Coop Zrt., Budapest, Hungary
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29303016$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNpNj81LwzAYxoNM3IfePUmOHqzmTZMmOY6xTWHgZYK38q5Nt0jazKaV7b934gQvzwf8eOAZk0ETGkvILbBHAKWegBmQGvQpi-xULsjopDzRSrwP_uUhGcf4wRjLlIQrMuQmZSmDbEQWU7oOB1cEH7auQE_nX-h77FxoaKjobOexPpahDg1G2lrX7LAtO-ceKNJla21Dp36L9ppcVuijvTn7hLwt5uvZc7J6Xb7MpqukEEJ2SWY5t7piZSlTXoKqmELNuUCTaqsEcg5cCgNgxMZoZphFAMg4w1JU2SblE3L_u7tvw2dvY5fXLhbWe2xs6GMORhuZSiF-0Lsz2m9qW-b71tXYHvO_7_wbS5tbKA
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1177_10915818231217041
crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms12040715
crossref_primary_10_3389_fnut_2024_1456230
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rhisph_2020_100203
crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules28031185
crossref_primary_10_1002_jat_4663
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_algal_2020_101998
crossref_primary_10_1002_jat_4621
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_algal_2019_101523
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_algal_2021_102569
crossref_primary_10_3390_cells9030633
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms252313092
crossref_primary_10_3389_fbioe_2019_00383
crossref_primary_10_3390_agriculture11060564
crossref_primary_10_3390_cells11050837
crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms11081893
crossref_primary_10_1080_10408398_2023_2194423
crossref_primary_10_1038_s43016_022_00530_x
crossref_primary_10_2903_j_efsa_2022_7045
crossref_primary_10_1111_1541_4337_70123
crossref_primary_10_1155_2019_4981420
crossref_primary_10_1093_toxres_tfz002
crossref_primary_10_1002_jat_4438
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10811_023_02950_z
crossref_primary_10_1155_2019_5723851
crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms10040743
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00253_023_12588_z
crossref_primary_10_1002_jat_4293
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_algal_2018_05_006
crossref_primary_10_1111_1750_3841_70075
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00253_022_12000_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aquaculture_2020_735022
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0303352
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_matt_2025_102052
crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph19053108
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2021_111549
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00253_022_11790_9
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_023_37227_5
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12934_018_1033_5
crossref_primary_10_3390_biology7040046
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpls_2021_641420
crossref_primary_10_3389_fpls_2020_00631
crossref_primary_10_3390_antiox12061308
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jff_2019_103738
ContentType Journal Article
DBID CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
DOI 10.1177/1091581817746109
DatabaseName Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE
MEDLINE - Academic
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod no_fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
Public Health
Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology
EISSN 1092-874X
ExternalDocumentID 29303016
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
GroupedDBID ---
-TM
.2E
.2F
.2G
.2J
.2N
01A
0R~
1~K
29J
31S
31T
31U
31X
31Y
31Z
36B
4.4
53G
54M
5GY
5VS
AABMB
AABOD
AACKU
AACMV
AACTG
AADUE
AAEJI
AAEWN
AAGGD
AAGLT
AAGMC
AAJIQ
AAJOX
AAJPV
AAKGS
AANSI
AAPEO
AAPII
AAQDB
AAQXH
AAQXI
AARDL
AARIX
AATAA
AATBZ
AAUAS
AAXOT
AAYTG
AAZBJ
ABAWP
ABCCA
ABCJG
ABDBF
ABDWY
ABEIX
ABFWQ
ABHKI
ABIDT
ABJIS
ABJNI
ABJZC
ABKRH
ABLUO
ABPGX
ABPNF
ABQKF
ABQXT
ABRHV
ABUJY
ABVFX
ABVVC
ABYTW
ACARO
ACDSZ
ACDXX
ACFEJ
ACFMA
ACFYK
ACGBL
ACGEJ
ACGFS
ACGZU
ACJER
ACJTF
ACLFY
ACLHI
ACLZU
ACOFE
ACOXC
ACROE
ACRPL
ACSIQ
ACUAV
ACUHS
ACUIR
ACXKE
ACXMB
ADBBV
ADDLC
ADEBD
ADEIA
ADMPF
ADNBR
ADNMO
ADNON
ADRRZ
ADTBJ
ADUKL
ADVBO
ADXPE
ADYCS
ADZZY
AECGH
AECVZ
AEDTQ
AEKYL
AENEX
AEOBU
AEPTA
AEQLS
AERKM
AESZF
AEUHG
AEWDL
AEWHI
AEXFG
AEXNY
AFEET
AFKBI
AFKRG
AFKVX
AFMOU
AFQAA
AFUIA
AFWMB
AGHKR
AGKLV
AGNHF
AGPXR
AGQPQ
AGWFA
AHDMH
AHHFK
AIGRN
AJABX
AJEFB
AJGYC
AJMMQ
AJSCY
AJUZI
AJVBE
AJWEG
AJXAJ
ALKWR
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMCVQ
ANDLU
ARTOV
ASPBG
AUTPY
AUVAJ
AVWKF
AYAKG
AZFZN
B3H
B8M
B8O
B8R
B8Z
B93
B94
BBRGL
BDDNI
BKIIM
BKSCU
BPACV
BSEHC
BWJAD
BYIEH
CAG
CBRKF
CDWPY
CEADM
CFDXU
CGR
COF
CORYS
CQQTX
CS3
CUTAK
CUY
CVF
DB0
DC-
DC0
DD-
DD0
DE-
DF0
DO-
DOPDO
DU5
DV7
D~Y
EAP
EAS
EBB
EBC
EBD
EBS
EBX
ECM
EDH
EHN
EIF
EJD
EMB
EMK
EMOBN
EPT
ESX
F5P
FEDTE
FHBDP
GROUPED_SAGE_PREMIER_JOURNAL_COLLECTION
H13
HF~
HVGLF
HZ~
J8X
K.F
K.J
N9A
NPM
O9-
P.B
P2P
Q1R
Q7K
Q7L
Q7R
Q7U
Q7X
Q82
Q83
Q~Q
ROL
S01
SASJQ
SAUOL
SCNPE
SFC
SHG
SPQ
SPV
SV3
TUS
ZONMY
ZPLXX
ZPPRI
ZRKOI
ZSSAH
~32
7X8
AJHME
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-6e22e8f0dd532d17f07a8224a938e74a22125491194b98090ea111620ad4f6b32
IEDL.DBID 7X8
ISICitedReferencesCount 47
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000423739300006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1092-874X
IngestDate Mon Sep 29 02:45:12 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 06:06:12 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords toxicity
algal biomass
mutagenicity
green algae
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
safety
NOAEL
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c445t-6e22e8f0dd532d17f07a8224a938e74a22125491194b98090ea111620ad4f6b32
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1091581817746109
PMID 29303016
PQID 1989535443
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1989535443
pubmed_primary_29303016
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2018 Jan/Feb
20180101
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2018-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 01
  year: 2018
  text: 2018 Jan/Feb
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
PublicationTitle International journal of toxicology
PublicationTitleAlternate Int J Toxicol
PublicationYear 2018
SSID ssj0006751
Score 2.3541937
Snippet There is a current worldwide interest in developing novel sustainable nonanimal nutritional sources, and one such source is the green algae Chlamydomonas...
SourceID proquest
pubmed
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
StartPage 53
SubjectTerms Animals
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - physiology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Food Safety
Humans
Male
Micronucleus Tests
No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
Rats
Title A Toxicological Evaluation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a Green Algae
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29303016
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1989535443
Volume 37
WOSCitedRecordID wos000423739300006&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LS8NAEB58IYL4qK_6YgXx1NDNZrPZnKQUixdLDhV6K9tkVwOS1KaK_ffOJqk5CYKXkEtgmczOfPP6BuBWeYjjAxE70psaBxG4dqaKGocZRrVwRSJoXC6bCIZDOR6HUZ1wK-q2ypVNLA11ksc2R961vT2-Z9na7mfvjt0aZaur9QqNddj0EMpYrQ7GDVs4guEy4KKhvfV83JQpu5YP00dnhe8l4_jvALN0NIP9_x7xAPZqiEl6lU4cwprOWrD9VBfRW3AXVXTVyw4ZNdNXRYfckaghsl62YLfK6ZFqVOkIBj0yyr_SeGUvycMPVTjJDem_onYtkxyPoQoy12lmJ7oWadohipT9PaT39qL0MTwPHkb9R6few-DEnPsLR2jGtDQ0SXyPJW5gaKBs86kKPakDrhi6PwwzXTfk01DSkGqFFlQwqhJuxNRjJ7CR5Zk-A6KZUEL6CeehRrmHUrsSw_PANZK70sRtuFmJdoJ6bosXKtP5RzFphNuG0-r_TGYVIccEIYuN7MT5H76-gB3EPLLKolzCpsFbrq9gK_5cpMX8ulQgfA6jp28dLcyx
linkProvider ProQuest
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Toxicological+Evaluation+of+Chlamydomonas+reinhardtii%2C+a+Green+Algae&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+toxicology&rft.au=Murbach%2C+Timothy+S&rft.au=Gl%C3%A1vits%2C+R%C3%B3bert&rft.au=Endres%2C+John+R&rft.au=Hirka%2C+G%C3%A1bor&rft.date=2018-01-01&rft.eissn=1092-874X&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1091581817746109&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29303016&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29303016&rft.externalDocID=29303016
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1092-874X&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1092-874X&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1092-874X&client=summon