Cervical musculoskeletal impairment in frequent intermittent headache. Part 1: Subjects with single headaches

Musculoskeletal disorders are considered the underlying cause of cervicogenic headache, but neck pain is commonly associated with migraine and tension-type headaches. This study tested musculoskeletal function in these headache types. From a group of 196 community-based volunteers with headache, 73...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cephalalgia Vol. 27; no. 7; p. 793
Main Authors: Jull, G, Amiri, M, Bullock-Saxton, J, Darnell, R, Lander, C
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.07.2007
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Cervical Vertebrae
Electromyography
Female
Headache - classification
Headache - etiology
Headache - physiopathology
Humans
Kinesthesis
Male
Middle Aged
Migraine Disorders - classification
Migraine Disorders - etiology
Migraine Disorders - physiopathology
Musculoskeletal Diseases - complications
Neck Muscles - physiopathology
Post-Traumatic Headache - classification
Post-Traumatic Headache - etiology
Post-Traumatic Headache - physiopathology
Range of Motion, Articular
Sensitivity and Specificity
Tension-Type Headache - classification
Tension-Type Headache - etiology
Tension-Type Headache - physiopathology
ISSN:0333-1024
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Musculoskeletal disorders are considered the underlying cause of cervicogenic headache, but neck pain is commonly associated with migraine and tension-type headaches. This study tested musculoskeletal function in these headache types. From a group of 196 community-based volunteers with headache, 73 had a single headache classifiable as migraine (n = 22), tension-type (n = 33) or cervicogenic headache (n = 18); 57 subjects acted as controls. Range of movement, manual examination of cervical segments, cervical flexor and extensor strength, the cranio-cervical flexion test (CCFT), cross-sectional area of selected extensor muscles at C2 (ultrasound imaging) and cervical kinaesthetic sense were measured by a blinded examiner. In all but one measure (kinaesthetic sense), the cervicogenic headache group were significantly different from the migraine, tension-type headache and control groups (all P < 0.001). A discriminant function analysis revealed that collectively, restricted movement, in association with palpable upper cervical joint dysfunction and impairment in the CCFT, had 100% sensitivity and 94% specificity to identify cervicogenic headache. There was no evidence that the cervical musculoskeletal impairments assessed in this study were present in the migraine and tension-type headache groups. Further research is required to validate the predictive capacity of this pattern of impairment to differentially diagnose cervicogenic headache.
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ISSN:0333-1024
DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01345.x