Effects of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment on Fault Reactivation and Its Consequences on Radionuclide Migration in Crystalline Host Rocks

To assess the robustness of a safety case for a deep geological repository (DGR), it is necessary to analyze a range of scenarios covering likely, less likely, and hypothetical future developments. Crystalline rock can, under ideal conditions, provide a suitable hydrogeologic barrier due to its extr...

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Published in:Environmental modeling & assessment Vol. 30; no. 1; pp. 177 - 192
Main Authors: Kern, Dominik, Magri, Fabien, Malkovsky, Victor, Steffen, Holger, Nagel, Thomas
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.02.2025
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Advection–diffusion transport
Boundary conditions
Channeling
Coulomb failure stress
Crystalline rocks
Deep geological repository
Enhanced geothermal systems
Fault lines
Fault reactivation
Faults
finite element analysis
Finite element method
Fluid flow
geophysics
Glacial isostatic adjustment
hydraulic fracturing
Mechanical properties
Permeability
Poroelasticity
Radioisotopes
Radionuclide migration
Seismic activity
Workflow
ISSN:1573-2967, 1420-2026, 1573-2967
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Abstract To assess the robustness of a safety case for a deep geological repository (DGR), it is necessary to analyze a range of scenarios covering likely, less likely, and hypothetical future developments. Crystalline rock can, under ideal conditions, provide a suitable hydrogeologic barrier due to its extremely low matrix permeability. However, this host rock is often fractured, which can compromise its hydro-mechanical (HM) barrier function. We quantify how faults that are prone to reactivation during glacial events can affect radionuclide migration around a DGR in a crystalline host rock. We extend a previously developed finite element model of coupled fluid flow and radionuclide transport to numerically solve the component transport problem before and after fault reactivation. Assuming that fault reactivation is triggered by changes in mechanical boundary conditions, we derive heterogeneous permeability distributions in the reactivated faults by evaluating the Coulomb failure stress criterion of finite element solutions of a complementary hydro-mechanical problem. Specifically, we evaluate the consequences of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) during a glacial cycle. We find that the increased permeability in the reactivated faults accelerates the migration of radionuclides along the fault by channeling the flow, while it is reduced in the direction perpendicular to the fault. The channeling observed is also a result of heterogeneous permeability enhancement, and the flow fields differ from those of the previous model which postulated a homogeneous permeability enhancement. Although the proposed numerical workflow has been applied to the case of GIA, it is adaptable to study hydro-mechanical processes induced by seismic events or by hydrofracking in enhanced geothermal systems.
AbstractList To assess the robustness of a safety case for a deep geological repository (DGR), it is necessary to analyze a range of scenarios covering likely, less likely, and hypothetical future developments. Crystalline rock can, under ideal conditions, provide a suitable hydrogeologic barrier due to its extremely low matrix permeability. However, this host rock is often fractured, which can compromise its hydro-mechanical (HM) barrier function. We quantify how faults that are prone to reactivation during glacial events can affect radionuclide migration around a DGR in a crystalline host rock. We extend a previously developed finite element model of coupled fluid flow and radionuclide transport to numerically solve the component transport problem before and after fault reactivation. Assuming that fault reactivation is triggered by changes in mechanical boundary conditions, we derive heterogeneous permeability distributions in the reactivated faults by evaluating the Coulomb failure stress criterion of finite element solutions of a complementary hydro-mechanical problem. Specifically, we evaluate the consequences of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) during a glacial cycle. We find that the increased permeability in the reactivated faults accelerates the migration of radionuclides along the fault by channeling the flow, while it is reduced in the direction perpendicular to the fault. The channeling observed is also a result of heterogeneous permeability enhancement, and the flow fields differ from those of the previous model which postulated a homogeneous permeability enhancement. Although the proposed numerical workflow has been applied to the case of GIA, it is adaptable to study hydro-mechanical processes induced by seismic events or by hydrofracking in enhanced geothermal systems.
Author Steffen, Holger
Kern, Dominik
Nagel, Thomas
Magri, Fabien
Malkovsky, Victor
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Snippet To assess the robustness of a safety case for a deep geological repository (DGR), it is necessary to analyze a range of scenarios covering likely, less likely,...
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SubjectTerms Advection–diffusion transport
Boundary conditions
Channeling
Coulomb failure stress
Crystalline rocks
Deep geological repository
Enhanced geothermal systems
Fault lines
Fault reactivation
Faults
finite element analysis
Finite element method
Fluid flow
geophysics
Glacial isostatic adjustment
hydraulic fracturing
Mechanical properties
Permeability
Poroelasticity
Radioisotopes
Radionuclide migration
Seismic activity
Workflow
Title Effects of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment on Fault Reactivation and Its Consequences on Radionuclide Migration in Crystalline Host Rocks
URI https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/323311
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3173615058
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3200264340
Volume 30
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