Association between visceral adiposity index and heart failure: A cross‐sectional study

Background Obesity is an important risk factor for heart failure (HF). Hypothesis Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a simple metric for assessing obesity; however, the association between VAI and risk for HF has not been studied. Methods A cross‐sectional study involving 28 764 participants ≥18 year...

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Published in:Clinical cardiology (Mahwah, N.J.) Vol. 46; no. 3; pp. 310 - 319
Main Authors: Zhang, Xinyu, Sun, Yijun, Li, Ying, Wang, Chengwei, Wang, Yi, Dong, Mei, Xiao, Jie, Lin, Zongwei, Lu, Huixia, Ji, Xiaoping
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.03.2023
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subjects:
Adiposity
Age
Anemia
Antidiabetics
Blood pressure
Body Mass Index
Cardiovascular disease
Cholesterol, HDL
Clinical Investigations
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes
Ejection fraction
Epidemiology
Ethics
Glucose
Heart attacks
Heart failure
Heart Failure - complications
Heart Failure - diagnosis
Heart Failure - epidemiology
Hemoglobin
Humans
Hypertension
Kidney diseases
Laboratories
Liver diseases
Magnetic resonance imaging
Male
Nutrition Surveys
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - diagnosis
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity, Abdominal - complications
Obesity, Abdominal - diagnosis
Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology
Overweight
Review boards
Risk Factors
Smoking
Software
Triglycerides
VAI
Variables
visceral adiposity index
visceral fat
United States > US
heart failure
visceral adiposity index
visceral fat
VAI
ISSN:0160-9289, 1932-8737, 1932-8737
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Summary:Background Obesity is an important risk factor for heart failure (HF). Hypothesis Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a simple metric for assessing obesity; however, the association between VAI and risk for HF has not been studied. Methods A cross‐sectional study involving 28 764 participants ≥18 years of age from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2009–2018, in the United States was performed. VAI was calculated using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triglycerides (TG), and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. VAI was analyzed as a continuous and categorical variable to examine its association with HF. Subgroup analysis was also performed. Results The highest VAI (fourth quartile [Q4]) was found among males, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, WC, hypertension, diabetes, liver disease, coronary heart disease, smoking, total cholesterol, and TG. More participants in Q4 took β‐receptor blockers, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers/angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor, calcium channel blockers, and antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic medications. Participants with HF exhibited greater VAI. A per‐unit increase in VAI resulted in a 4% increased risk for HF (odds ratio [OR] 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.05]). After multivariable adjustment, compared with the lowest quartile, the OR for Q3 was 1.55 (95% CI 1.24–1.94). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant interactions between VAI and specific subgroups. Conclusion VAI was independently associated with the risk for HF. As a noninvasive index of visceral adiposity, VAI could be used for a “one shot” assessment of HF risk and may serve as a novel marker.
Bibliography:Xinyu Zhang and Yijun Sun are co‐first authors.
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ISSN:0160-9289
1932-8737
1932-8737
DOI:10.1002/clc.23976