Proteinuria as a significant predictive factor for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis in non-albuminuric type 2 diabetes

•A high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio may be a useful and early predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis , even in patients with type 2 diabetes and without albuminuria.•A high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio may be an earlier indicator of DKD development than al...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Diabetes research and clinical practice Jg. 181; S. 109082
Hauptverfasser: Kim, Young-eun, Lee, Minyoung, Lee, Yong-ho, Kang, Eun Seok, Cha, Bong-soo, Lee, Byung-Wan
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Elsevier B.V 01.11.2021
Schlagworte:
ISSN:0168-8227, 1872-8227, 1872-8227
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Abstract •A high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio may be a useful and early predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis , even in patients with type 2 diabetes and without albuminuria.•A high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio may be an earlier indicator of DKD development than albuminuria, suggesting renal tubulopathy.•A retrospective study included 927 participants with type 2 diabetes and without albuminuria. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of urine protein to creatinine ratio (uPCR) in relation to the cardiovascular risk associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and normoalbuminuria. In this retrospective longitudinal study on T2D, we recruited 927 participants with normoalbuminuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio [uACR] < 30 mg/g) whose cIMT was measured at baseline and after at least 1 year, and whose initial uPCR and uACR data were available. Higher initial uPCR was positively correlated with a greater increment in maximal cIMT (β = 0.074, p = 0.028), and this correlation was significant even after adjusting for multiple confounding factors (β = 0.074, p = 0.046). High baseline uPCR was an independent predictive factor for the increased risk of maximal cIMT progression in a simple logistic regression model (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, [1.08–1.86]; p = 0.013). Even after adjusting for several confounding variables, higher uPCR was significantly associated with a higher risk of cIMT progression (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, [1.08–2.03]; p = 0.014). These results suggest that high uPCR may be a useful predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis, even in subjects with T2D and without albuminuria.
AbstractList This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of urine protein to creatinine ratio (uPCR) in relation to the cardiovascular risk associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and normoalbuminuria.AIMSThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of urine protein to creatinine ratio (uPCR) in relation to the cardiovascular risk associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and normoalbuminuria.In this retrospective longitudinal study on T2D, we recruited 927 participants with normoalbuminuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio [uACR] < 30 mg/g) whose cIMT was measured at baseline and after at least 1 year, and whose initial uPCR and uACR data were available.METHODSIn this retrospective longitudinal study on T2D, we recruited 927 participants with normoalbuminuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio [uACR] < 30 mg/g) whose cIMT was measured at baseline and after at least 1 year, and whose initial uPCR and uACR data were available.Higher initial uPCR was positively correlated with a greater increment in maximal cIMT (β = 0.074, p = 0.028), and this correlation was significant even after adjusting for multiple confounding factors (β = 0.074, p = 0.046). High baseline uPCR was an independent predictive factor for the increased risk of maximal cIMT progression in a simple logistic regression model (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, [1.08-1.86]; p = 0.013). Even after adjusting for several confounding variables, higher uPCR was significantly associated with a higher risk of cIMT progression (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, [1.08-2.03]; p = 0.014).RESULTSHigher initial uPCR was positively correlated with a greater increment in maximal cIMT (β = 0.074, p = 0.028), and this correlation was significant even after adjusting for multiple confounding factors (β = 0.074, p = 0.046). High baseline uPCR was an independent predictive factor for the increased risk of maximal cIMT progression in a simple logistic regression model (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, [1.08-1.86]; p = 0.013). Even after adjusting for several confounding variables, higher uPCR was significantly associated with a higher risk of cIMT progression (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, [1.08-2.03]; p = 0.014).These results suggest that high uPCR may be a useful predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis, even in subjects with T2D and without albuminuria.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that high uPCR may be a useful predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis, even in subjects with T2D and without albuminuria.
•A high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio may be a useful and early predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis , even in patients with type 2 diabetes and without albuminuria.•A high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio may be an earlier indicator of DKD development than albuminuria, suggesting renal tubulopathy.•A retrospective study included 927 participants with type 2 diabetes and without albuminuria. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of urine protein to creatinine ratio (uPCR) in relation to the cardiovascular risk associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and normoalbuminuria. In this retrospective longitudinal study on T2D, we recruited 927 participants with normoalbuminuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio [uACR] < 30 mg/g) whose cIMT was measured at baseline and after at least 1 year, and whose initial uPCR and uACR data were available. Higher initial uPCR was positively correlated with a greater increment in maximal cIMT (β = 0.074, p = 0.028), and this correlation was significant even after adjusting for multiple confounding factors (β = 0.074, p = 0.046). High baseline uPCR was an independent predictive factor for the increased risk of maximal cIMT progression in a simple logistic regression model (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, [1.08–1.86]; p = 0.013). Even after adjusting for several confounding variables, higher uPCR was significantly associated with a higher risk of cIMT progression (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, [1.08–2.03]; p = 0.014). These results suggest that high uPCR may be a useful predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis, even in subjects with T2D and without albuminuria.
ArticleNumber 109082
Author Lee, Byung-Wan
Lee, Minyoung
Lee, Yong-ho
Kim, Young-eun
Kang, Eun Seok
Cha, Bong-soo
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Young-eun
  surname: Kim
  fullname: Kim, Young-eun
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Minyoung
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Minyoung
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Yong-ho
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Yong-ho
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Eun Seok
  surname: Kang
  fullname: Kang, Eun Seok
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Bong-soo
  surname: Cha
  fullname: Cha, Bong-soo
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Byung-Wan
  surname: Lee
  fullname: Lee, Byung-Wan
  email: BWANLEE@yuhs.ac
BookMark eNqNUU1rGzEQFSWBOkl_QkHHXtaRtLuyllJKCUkbCLSH9ixmtaN03LXkSnLAv6B_u3KcUy7JQR9I772Z9-aMnYQYkLH3UiylkPpyvZwIxoR5qYSS9W0QRr1hC2lWqjFKrU7YouLM4_0tO8t5LYTQbdcv2L8fKRaksEsEHDIHnuk-kCcHofBtwolcoQfkHlyJifu6ym-sP_G-VswUA4-eO6gyNHFIBdOeQ4WkmN182ClzCrz23MA87jaPtRwv-y1yxQ-dY8F8wU49zBnfPZ3n7NfN9c-rb83d96-3V1_uGtd1bWmc1t0wtFKDUaYfcIBWKeOkH_rJ616MRvTGYI8avHZqAAC5GmW76kc3QYvtOftw1K0G_u4wF7uh7HCeIWDcZat6I4au04Op0I9HqKsmckJvHRUo1XFJQLOVwh7it2v7FL89xG-P8Vd2_4y9TbSBtH-R9_nIw5rCA2Gy2REGVweR0BU7RXpR4dMzBTdTqAOd_-D-Ffz__Wy8Gg
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1007_s10930_024_10191_3
Cites_doi 10.2215/CJN.11491116
10.2337/dc10-1545
10.2147/IJNRD.S40172
10.1111/hiv.12881
10.1159/000112556
10.1681/ASN.2010030250
10.1093/ndt/gfu183
10.1007/s40620-017-0423-9
10.1186/1475-2840-1-1
10.1159/000097034
10.1111/j.1440-1797.2006.00739.x
10.2147/IJNRD.S37883
10.1093/ndt/gfg314
10.1016/j.kint.2016.04.009
10.1159/000325647
10.2337/dc12-0849
10.1152/ajprenal.00520.2013
10.1161/ATVBAHA.109.196980
10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.06.012
10.1371/journal.pone.0191172
10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.018387
10.3803/EnM.2016.31.2.245
10.1161/01.CIR.96.5.1432
10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.11.030
10.1007/s00125-007-0616-1
10.1093/ndt/gfl784
10.5551/jat.14001
10.1038/s41581-021-00393-8
10.1159/000111388
10.5114/aic.2017.70186
10.1093/ndt/gfz264
10.1093/eurheartj/ehq189
10.1093/ndt/gfw292
10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.04.007
10.1001/jama.2012.9624
10.1186/s13098-017-0267-4
10.1111/j.1365-2796.2005.01485.x
10.1038/s41598-021-95488-4
10.1001/jama.279.2.119
10.1038/kisup.2012.64
10.1161/ATVBAHA.113.300156
10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182051bab
10.4093/dmj.2020.0254
10.1681/ASN.2012070718
10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.008
10.1056/NEJMoa1114248
10.1002/dmrr.2546
10.1007/s40620-019-00650-x
10.1093/clinchem/33.2.297
10.1161/01.STR.27.11.2033
10.1371/journal.pmed.0050207
10.1146/annurev-physiol-020911-153333
10.3390/ijms22020956
10.4093/dmj.2014.38.4.252
10.3803/EnM.2011.26.4.310
10.1053/euhj.1999.2006
10.3390/jcm9010136
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2021 Elsevier B.V.
– notice: Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
7X8
DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082
DatabaseName CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList MEDLINE - Academic


Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 1872-8227
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_diabres_2021_109082
S0168822721004411
GroupedDBID ---
--K
--M
.1-
.55
.FO
.GJ
.~1
0R~
1B1
1P~
1RT
1~.
1~5
29F
4.4
457
4G.
53G
5GY
5RE
5VS
6PF
7-5
71M
8P~
9JM
AABNK
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQQT
AAQXK
AATTM
AAWTL
AAXKI
AAXUO
AAYWO
ABBQC
ABFNM
ABGSF
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABMZM
ABUDA
ABWVN
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACGFS
ACIEU
ACIUM
ACLOT
ACRLP
ACRPL
ACVFH
ADBBV
ADCNI
ADEZE
ADMUD
ADNMO
ADUVX
ADVLN
AEBSH
AEHWI
AEIPS
AEKER
AENEX
AEUPX
AEVXI
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AFRHN
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGHFR
AGQPQ
AGRDE
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AIEXJ
AIGII
AIIUN
AIKHN
AITUG
AJRQY
AJUYK
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ANKPU
ANZVX
APXCP
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BKOJK
BLXMC
BNPGV
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFKBS
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-2
G-Q
GBLVA
HDZ
HMK
HMO
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
KOM
LZ1
M29
M41
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OB0
ON-
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
Q38
R2-
ROL
RPZ
SAE
SCC
SDF
SDG
SEL
SES
SEW
SPCBC
SSH
SSU
SSZ
T5K
WUQ
X7M
Z5R
ZGI
~G-
~HD
0SF
AACTN
AAIAV
ABLVK
ABYKQ
AFKWA
AJOXV
AMFUW
RIG
ZA5
9DU
AAYXX
CITATION
7X8
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-c66499316a82859e9a3228c1f95df650b80588e5e6af6c29aaa17b1375bcda3e3
ISICitedReferencesCount 2
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000708517100003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0168-8227
1872-8227
IngestDate Mon Sep 29 02:12:08 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 18 21:51:59 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 02:17:18 EST 2025
Sat May 04 15:43:11 EDT 2024
Tue Oct 14 19:34:43 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess false
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Carotid artery atherosclerosis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
DM complication
Proteinuria
Diabetic kidney disease
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c443t-c66499316a82859e9a3228c1f95df650b80588e5e6af6c29aaa17b1375bcda3e3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 23
OpenAccessLink https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168822721004411
PQID 2580944698
PQPubID 23479
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_2580944698
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_diabres_2021_109082
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diabres_2021_109082
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_diabres_2021_109082
elsevier_clinicalkey_doi_10_1016_j_diabres_2021_109082
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate November 2021
2021-11-00
20211101
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-11-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 11
  year: 2021
  text: November 2021
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Diabetes research and clinical practice
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Greenland, Alpert, Beller, Benjamin, Budoff, Fayad (b0060) 2010; 122
Vallon, Gerasimova, Rose, Masuda, Satriano, Mayoux (b0185) 2014; 306
Tonolo G, Cherchi S. Tubulointerstitial disease in diabetic nephropathy. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014;7:107–15.
Touboul, Hennerici, Meairs, Adams, Amarenco, Bornstein (b0075) 2007; 23
Inker, Schmid, Tighiouart, Eckfeldt, Feldman, Greene (b0070) 2012; 367
Kim, Song, Kim, Jeon, Kim, Kwak (b0155) 2013; 36
Lemann, Doumas (b0090) 1987; 33
Koga, Toyoda, Minematsu, Yasaka, Nagai, Aoki (b0110) 2018; 49
Vassallo, Kalra (b0220) 2017; 3
Lorenz, Schaefer, Steinmetz, Sitzer (b0250) 2010; 31
Kim, Kim, Kim (b0160) 2016; 31
Zeni, Norden, Cancarini, Unwin (b0180) 2017; 30
Huang Y, Li W, Dong L, Li R, Wu Y. Effect of Statin Therapy on the Progression of Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2013;20:108–21.
Donate-Correa, Ferri, Martín-Núñez, Pérez-Delgado, González-Luis, Mora-Fernández (b0210) 2021; 11
Alicic, Rooney, Tuttle (b0120) 2017; 12
Chapter 1: Definition and classification of CKD. Kidney International Supplements 2013;3:19-62.
Vallon, Thomson (b0190) 2012; 74
Typiak, Piwkowska (b0205) 2021; 22
Cho, Chung, Chung, Chung (b0145) 2011; 26
Messner, Bernhard (b0285) 2014; 34
Perkovic, Verdon, Ninomiya, Barzi, Cass, Patel (b0235) 2008; 5
Kim, Oh, Kim, Lee, Jeon, Kim (b0290) 2017; 9
Paraskevas, Hamilton, Cross, Mikhailidis (b0215) 2007; 108
Rosvall, Janzon, Berglund, Engstrom, Hedblad (b0255) 2005; 257
Atkins, Briganti, Zimmet, Chadban (b0025) 2003; 18
Katayev, Zebelman, Sharp, Samantha Flynn, Bernstein (b0045) 2017; 50
Aronson, Rayfield (b0195) 2002; 1
Tang SCW, Leung JCK, Lai KN. Diabetic Tubulopathy: An Emerging Entity. KARGER; 2011, p. 124–34.
Molinari, Zeng, Suri (b0065) 2010; 100
Viazzi, Pontremoli (b0100) 2014; 29
Lind (b0115) 2020; 306
Sakatsume, Kubota, Ogawa, Narita, Matsuda, Shiba (b0165) 2007; 12
Held, Hjemdahl, Eriksson, Björkander, Forslund, Rehnqvist (b0275) 2001; 22
Pugliese, Penno, Natali, Barutta, Di Paolo, Reboldi (b0150) 2020; 33
Jung, Son, Kang, Kim, Kim, Kim (b0095) 2021; 45
Regina Silva, Coentrão (b0170) 2017; 31
Meier, Rossert, Plouin, Burnier (b0225) 2007; 22
Bots, Hoes, Koudstaal, Hofman, Grobbee (b0245) 1997; 96
Lorenz, Gao, Ziegelbauer, Norata, Empana, Schmidtmann (b0270) 2018; 13
Howard (b0280) 1998; 279
Lindhardt, Persson, Zürbig, Stalmach, Mischak, De Zeeuw (b0125) 2016
Bonventre (b0175) 2012; 32
Schrader, Zeder, Hilge, Bogner, Seybold (b0085) 2020; 21
Bae, Lee, Kang, Cha, Lee (b0050) 2020; 9
Bruno, Merletti, Bargero, Novelli, Melis, Soddu (b0135) 2007; 50
Yeboah, McClelland, Polonsky, Burke, Sibley, O’Leary (b0265) 2012; 308
Lim (b0020) 2014
Hsieh, Hsiao, Tien, Chang, Hsu, Liang (b0140) 2008; 28
Ide, Olauson, Sato, Densmore, Wang, Hanai (b0200) 2016; 90
Miettinen, Haffner, Lehto, Rönnemaa, Pyörälä, Laakso (b0230) 1996; 27
Nauta, Boertien, Bakker, van Goor, van Oeveren, de Jong (b0040) 2011; 34
Simon, Megnien, Chironi (b0260) 2010; 30
Park (b0130) 2014; 38
DeFronzo, Reeves, Awad (b0035) 2021; 17
Dekkers, Gansevoort (b0240) 2020; 35
Kim, Song, Kim, Kim, Jeon, Kim (b0055) 2014; 30
Afkarian, Sachs, Kestenbaum, Hirsch, Tuttle, Himmelfarb (b0005) 2013; 24
Karalliedde, Viberti (b0010) 2010; 21
Vassallo (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0220) 2017; 3
Kim (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0290) 2017; 9
Vallon (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0185) 2014; 306
Kim (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0160) 2016; 31
Karalliedde (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0010) 2010; 21
Hsieh (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0140) 2008; 28
DeFronzo (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0035) 2021; 17
Greenland (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0060) 2010; 122
Park (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0130) 2014; 38
Katayev (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0045) 2017; 50
Meier (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0225) 2007; 22
Lorenz (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0250) 2010; 31
Howard (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0280) 1998; 279
Koga (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0110) 2018; 49
Lindhardt (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0125) 2016
Bruno (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0135) 2007; 50
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0030
Cho (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0145) 2011; 26
Vallon (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0190) 2012; 74
Simon (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0260) 2010; 30
Regina Silva (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0170) 2017; 31
Pugliese (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0150) 2020; 33
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0105
Paraskevas (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0215) 2007; 108
Rosvall (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0255) 2005; 257
Afkarian (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0005) 2013; 24
Aronson (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0195) 2002; 1
Held (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0275) 2001; 22
Atkins (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0025) 2003; 18
Miettinen (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0230) 1996; 27
Touboul (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0075) 2007; 23
Alicic (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0120) 2017; 12
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0015
Viazzi (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0100) 2014; 29
Kim (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0155) 2013; 36
Yeboah (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0265) 2012; 308
Lorenz (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0270) 2018; 13
Kim (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0055) 2014; 30
Ide (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0200) 2016; 90
Nauta (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0040) 2011; 34
Messner (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0285) 2014; 34
Jung (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0095) 2021; 45
Dekkers (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0240) 2020; 35
Lim (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0020) 2014
Perkovic (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0235) 2008; 5
Sakatsume (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0165) 2007; 12
Bots (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0245) 1997; 96
Zeni (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0180) 2017; 30
Lind (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0115) 2020; 306
Molinari (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0065) 2010; 100
Typiak (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0205) 2021; 22
Lemann (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0090) 1987; 33
Bonventre (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0175) 2012; 32
Inker (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0070) 2012; 367
10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0080
Schrader (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0085) 2020; 21
Bae (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0050) 2020; 9
Donate-Correa (10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0210) 2021; 11
References_xml – volume: 35
  start-page: i33
  year: 2020
  end-page: i42
  ident: b0240
  article-title: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: extending the indication to non-diabetic kidney disease?
  publication-title: Nephrol Dialysis Transplant
– volume: 11
  year: 2021
  ident: b0210
  article-title: Klotho as a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease
  publication-title: Sci Rep
– volume: 34
  start-page: 975
  year: 2011
  end-page: 981
  ident: b0040
  article-title: Glomerular and Tubular Damage Markers Are Elevated in Patients With Diabetes
  publication-title: Diabetes Care
– volume: 27
  start-page: 2033
  year: 1996
  end-page: 2039
  ident: b0230
  article-title: Proteinuria predicts stroke and other atherosclerotic vascular disease events in nondiabetic and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects
  publication-title: Stroke
– volume: 108
  start-page: c56
  year: 2007
  end-page: c66
  ident: b0215
  article-title: Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis: Association with Emerging Vascular Risk Factors
  publication-title: Nephron Clin Pract
– volume: 38
  start-page: 252
  year: 2014
  ident: b0130
  article-title: Diabetic Kidney Disease: From Epidemiology to Clinical Perspectives
  publication-title: Diab Metabol J
– volume: 122
  start-page: 2748
  year: 2010
  end-page: 2764
  ident: b0060
  article-title: 2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults: Executive Summary
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 22
  start-page: 956
  year: 2021
  ident: b0205
  article-title: Antiinflammatory Actions of Klotho: Implications for Therapy of Diabetic Nephropathy
  publication-title: Int J Mol Sci
– volume: 49
  start-page: 107
  year: 2018
  end-page: 113
  ident: b0110
  article-title: Long-Term Effect of Pravastatin on Carotid Intima-Media Complex Thickness
  publication-title: Stroke
– volume: 22
  start-page: 62
  year: 2001
  end-page: 72
  ident: b0275
  article-title: Prognostic implications of intima-media thickness and plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries in patients with stable angina pectoris
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
– volume: 21
  start-page: 481
  year: 2020
  end-page: 491
  ident: b0085
  article-title: Medium-grade proteinuria is a risk factor for incident markers of chronic kidney disease
  publication-title: HIV Med
– reference: Tang SCW, Leung JCK, Lai KN. Diabetic Tubulopathy: An Emerging Entity. KARGER; 2011, p. 124–34.
– volume: 12
  start-page: 191
  year: 2007
  end-page: 196
  ident: b0165
  article-title: Rapid and sensitive electrophoresis of urinary protein clearly reveals the pathophysiological feature of renal diseases
  publication-title: Nephrology
– volume: 21
  start-page: 2020
  year: 2010
  end-page: 2027
  ident: b0010
  article-title: Proteinuria in Diabetes: Bystander or Pathway to Cardiorenal Disease?
  publication-title: J Am Soc Nephrol
– volume: 5
  start-page: e207
  year: 2008
  ident: b0235
  article-title: The Relationship between Proteinuria and Coronary Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  publication-title: PLoS Med
– volume: 31
  start-page: 2041
  year: 2010
  end-page: 2048
  ident: b0250
  article-title: Is carotid intima media thickness useful for individual prediction of cardiovascular risk? Ten-year results from the Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression Study (CAPS)
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
– volume: 50
  start-page: 262
  year: 2017
  end-page: 269
  ident: b0045
  article-title: Prevalence of isolated non-albumin proteinuria in the US population tested for both, urine total protein and urine albumin: An unexpected discovery
  publication-title: Clin Biochem
– volume: 17
  start-page: 319
  year: 2021
  end-page: 334
  ident: b0035
  article-title: Pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease: impact of SGLT2 inhibitors
  publication-title: Nat Rev Nephrol
– volume: 36
  start-page: 656
  year: 2013
  end-page: 661
  ident: b0155
  article-title: Urinary Cystatin C and Tubular Proteinuria Predict Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy
  publication-title: Diab Care
– volume: 279
  start-page: 119
  year: 1998
  ident: b0280
  article-title: Cigarette Smoking and Progression of Atherosclerosis
  publication-title: JAMA
– volume: 30
  start-page: 182
  year: 2010
  end-page: 185
  ident: b0260
  article-title: The Value of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk
  publication-title: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
– volume: 9
  year: 2017
  ident: b0290
  article-title: Addition of nonalbumin proteinuria to albuminuria improves prediction of type 2 diabetic nephropathy progression
  publication-title: Diabetol Metab Syndr
– volume: 18
  start-page: 2170
  year: 2003
  end-page: 2174
  ident: b0025
  article-title: Association between albuminuria and proteinuria in the general population: the AusDiab Study
  publication-title: Nephrol Dial Transplant
– volume: 30
  start-page: 701
  year: 2017
  end-page: 717
  ident: b0180
  article-title: A more tubulocentric view of diabetic kidney disease
  publication-title: J Nephrol
– volume: 31
  start-page: 245
  year: 2016
  ident: b0160
  article-title: Current Challenges in Diabetic Nephropathy: Early Diagnosis and Ways to Improve Outcomes
  publication-title: Endocrinol Metabol
– volume: 90
  start-page: 348
  year: 2016
  end-page: 362
  ident: b0200
  article-title: In vivo evidence for a limited role of proximal tubular Klotho in renal phosphate handling
  publication-title: Kidney Int
– volume: 26
  start-page: 310
  year: 2011
  ident: b0145
  article-title: Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness is Associated with Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
  publication-title: Endocrinol Metabol
– volume: 33
  start-page: 9
  year: 2020
  end-page: 35
  ident: b0150
  article-title: Diabetic kidney disease: new clinical and therapeutic issues. Joint position statement of the Italian Diabetes Society and the Italian Society of Nephrology on “The natural history of diabetic kidney disease and treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with
  publication-title: J Nephrol
– reference: Chapter 1: Definition and classification of CKD. Kidney International Supplements 2013;3:19-62.
– volume: 100
  start-page: 201
  year: 2010
  end-page: 221
  ident: b0065
  article-title: A state of the art review on intima–media thickness (IMT) measurement and wall segmentation techniques for carotid ultrasound
  publication-title: Comput Methods Programs Biomed
– volume: 33
  start-page: 297
  year: 1987
  end-page: 299
  ident: b0090
  article-title: Proteinuria in health and disease assessed by measuring the urinary protein/creatinine ratio
  publication-title: Clin Chem
– volume: 34
  start-page: 509
  year: 2014
  end-page: 515
  ident: b0285
  article-title: Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease
  publication-title: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
– volume: 367
  start-page: 20
  year: 2012
  end-page: 29
  ident: b0070
  article-title: Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate from Serum Creatinine and Cystatin C
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
– reference: Huang Y, Li W, Dong L, Li R, Wu Y. Effect of Statin Therapy on the Progression of Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. 2013;20:108–21.
– volume: 306
  start-page: F194
  year: 2014
  end-page: F204
  ident: b0185
  article-title: SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin reduces renal growth and albuminuria in proportion to hyperglycemia and prevents glomerular hyperfiltration in diabetic Akita mice
  publication-title: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
– volume: 306
  start-page: 6
  year: 2020
  end-page: 10
  ident: b0115
  article-title: Effect of new statin treatment on carotid artery intima-media thickness: A real-life observational study over 10 years
  publication-title: Atherosclerosis
– volume: 3
  start-page: 191
  year: 2017
  end-page: 201
  ident: b0220
  article-title: Atherosclerotic renovascular disease – epidemiology, treatment and current challenges
  publication-title: Adv Intervent Cardiol
– volume: 257
  start-page: 430
  year: 2005
  end-page: 437
  ident: b0255
  article-title: Incident coronary events and case fatality in relation to common carotid intima-media thickness
  publication-title: J Intern Med
– volume: 50
  start-page: 941
  year: 2007
  end-page: 948
  ident: b0135
  article-title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria and mortality in type 2 diabetes: the Casale Monferrato study
  publication-title: Diabetologia
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  year: 2002
  ident: b0195
  article-title: How hyperglycemia promotes atherosclerosis: molecular mechanisms
  publication-title: Cardiovasc Diabetol
– volume: 30
  start-page: 736
  year: 2014
  end-page: 741
  ident: b0055
  article-title: Nonalbuminuric proteinuria as a biomarker for tubular damage in early development of nephropathy with type 2 diabetic patients
  publication-title: Diab/Metabol Res Rev
– volume: 31
  start-page: 122
  year: 2017
  end-page: 131
  ident: b0170
  article-title: Diabetic Nephropathy and its two phenotypes: the proteinuric and non-proteinuric
  publication-title: Port J Nephrol Hypert
– volume: 74
  start-page: 351
  year: 2012
  end-page: 375
  ident: b0190
  article-title: Renal Function in Diabetic Disease Models: The Tubular System in the Pathophysiology of the Diabetic Kidney
  publication-title: Annu Rev Physiol
– volume: 308
  start-page: 788
  year: 2012
  ident: b0265
  article-title: Comparison of Novel Risk Markers for Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Intermediate-Risk Individuals
  publication-title: JAMA
– reference: Tonolo G, Cherchi S. Tubulointerstitial disease in diabetic nephropathy. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014;7:107–15.
– volume: 13
  start-page: e0191172
  year: 2018
  ident: b0270
  article-title: Predictive value for cardiovascular events of common carotid intima media thickness and its rate of change in individuals at high cardiovascular risk – Results from the PROG-IMT collaboration
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
– volume: 96
  start-page: 1432
  year: 1997
  end-page: 1437
  ident: b0245
  article-title: Common carotid intima-media thickness and risk of stroke and myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 24
  start-page: 302
  year: 2013
  end-page: 308
  ident: b0005
  article-title: Kidney Disease and Increased Mortality Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
  publication-title: J Am Soc Nephrol
– volume: 12
  start-page: 2032
  year: 2017
  end-page: 2045
  ident: b0120
  article-title: Diabetic Kidney Disease
  publication-title: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
– volume: 9
  start-page: 136
  year: 2020
  ident: b0050
  article-title: Proteinuria Is Associated with Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Non-Albuminuric Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
  publication-title: J Clin Med
– year: 2016
  ident: b0125
  article-title: Urinary proteomics predict onset of microalbuminuria in normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients, a sub-study of the DIRECT-Protect 2 study
  publication-title: Nephrol Dialysis Transplant
– volume: 32
  start-page: 452
  year: 2012
  end-page: 462
  ident: b0175
  article-title: Can we target tubular damage to prevent renal function decline in diabetes?
  publication-title: Semin Nephrol
– year: 2014
  ident: b0020
  article-title: Diabetic nephropathy - complications and treatment
  publication-title: Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis
– volume: 29
  start-page: 1453
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1455
  ident: b0100
  article-title: Blood pressure, albuminuria and renal dysfunction: the 'chicken or egg' dilemma
  publication-title: Nephrol Dial Transpl
– volume: 28
  start-page: 317
  year: 2008
  end-page: 323
  ident: b0140
  article-title: Chronic Kidney Disease as a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese with Type 2 Diabetes
  publication-title: Am J Nephrol
– volume: 45
  start-page: 1
  year: 2021
  end-page: 10
  ident: b0095
  article-title: Diabetes Fact Sheets in Korea, 2020: An Appraisal of Current Status
  publication-title: Diab Metabol J
– volume: 23
  start-page: 75
  year: 2007
  end-page: 80
  ident: b0075
  article-title: Mannheim Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Consensus (2004–2006)
  publication-title: Cerebrovasc Dis
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1002
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1006
  ident: b0225
  article-title: Atherosclerotic renovascular disease: beyond the renal artery stenosis
  publication-title: Nephrol Dial Transplant
– volume: 12
  start-page: 2032
  issue: 12
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0120
  article-title: Diabetic Kidney Disease
  publication-title: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
  doi: 10.2215/CJN.11491116
– volume: 34
  start-page: 975
  issue: 4
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0040
  article-title: Glomerular and Tubular Damage Markers Are Elevated in Patients With Diabetes
  publication-title: Diabetes Care
  doi: 10.2337/dc10-1545
– year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0020
  article-title: Diabetic nephropathy - complications and treatment
  publication-title: Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis
  doi: 10.2147/IJNRD.S40172
– volume: 21
  start-page: 481
  issue: 8
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0085
  article-title: Medium-grade proteinuria is a risk factor for incident markers of chronic kidney disease
  publication-title: HIV Med
  doi: 10.1111/hiv.12881
– volume: 108
  start-page: c56
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0215
  article-title: Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis: Association with Emerging Vascular Risk Factors
  publication-title: Nephron Clin Pract
  doi: 10.1159/000112556
– volume: 21
  start-page: 2020
  issue: 12
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0010
  article-title: Proteinuria in Diabetes: Bystander or Pathway to Cardiorenal Disease?
  publication-title: J Am Soc Nephrol
  doi: 10.1681/ASN.2010030250
– volume: 29
  start-page: 1453
  issue: 8
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0100
  article-title: Blood pressure, albuminuria and renal dysfunction: the 'chicken or egg' dilemma
  publication-title: Nephrol Dial Transpl
  doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfu183
– volume: 30
  start-page: 701
  issue: 6
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0180
  article-title: A more tubulocentric view of diabetic kidney disease
  publication-title: J Nephrol
  doi: 10.1007/s40620-017-0423-9
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0195
  article-title: How hyperglycemia promotes atherosclerosis: molecular mechanisms
  publication-title: Cardiovasc Diabetol
  doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-1-1
– volume: 23
  start-page: 75
  issue: 1
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0075
  article-title: Mannheim Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Consensus (2004–2006)
  publication-title: Cerebrovasc Dis
  doi: 10.1159/000097034
– volume: 12
  start-page: 191
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0165
  article-title: Rapid and sensitive electrophoresis of urinary protein clearly reveals the pathophysiological feature of renal diseases
  publication-title: Nephrology
  doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2006.00739.x
– ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0030
  doi: 10.2147/IJNRD.S37883
– volume: 18
  start-page: 2170
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0025
  article-title: Association between albuminuria and proteinuria in the general population: the AusDiab Study
  publication-title: Nephrol Dial Transplant
  doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfg314
– volume: 90
  start-page: 348
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0200
  article-title: In vivo evidence for a limited role of proximal tubular Klotho in renal phosphate handling
  publication-title: Kidney Int
  doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.04.009
– ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0015
  doi: 10.1159/000325647
– volume: 36
  start-page: 656
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0155
  article-title: Urinary Cystatin C and Tubular Proteinuria Predict Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy
  publication-title: Diab Care
  doi: 10.2337/dc12-0849
– volume: 306
  start-page: F194
  issue: 2
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0185
  article-title: SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin reduces renal growth and albuminuria in proportion to hyperglycemia and prevents glomerular hyperfiltration in diabetic Akita mice
  publication-title: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
  doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00520.2013
– volume: 30
  start-page: 182
  issue: 2
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0260
  article-title: The Value of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness for Predicting Cardiovascular Risk
  publication-title: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
  doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.109.196980
– volume: 306
  start-page: 6
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0115
  article-title: Effect of new statin treatment on carotid artery intima-media thickness: A real-life observational study over 10 years
  publication-title: Atherosclerosis
  doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.06.012
– volume: 13
  start-page: e0191172
  issue: 4
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0270
  article-title: Predictive value for cardiovascular events of common carotid intima media thickness and its rate of change in individuals at high cardiovascular risk – Results from the PROG-IMT collaboration
  publication-title: PLoS ONE
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191172
– volume: 49
  start-page: 107
  issue: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0110
  article-title: Long-Term Effect of Pravastatin on Carotid Intima-Media Complex Thickness
  publication-title: Stroke
  doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.018387
– volume: 31
  start-page: 245
  issue: 2
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0160
  article-title: Current Challenges in Diabetic Nephropathy: Early Diagnosis and Ways to Improve Outcomes
  publication-title: Endocrinol Metabol
  doi: 10.3803/EnM.2016.31.2.245
– volume: 96
  start-page: 1432
  issue: 5
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0245
  article-title: Common carotid intima-media thickness and risk of stroke and myocardial infarction: the Rotterdam Study
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.96.5.1432
– volume: 50
  start-page: 262
  issue: 6
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0045
  article-title: Prevalence of isolated non-albumin proteinuria in the US population tested for both, urine total protein and urine albumin: An unexpected discovery
  publication-title: Clin Biochem
  doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.11.030
– volume: 50
  start-page: 941
  issue: 5
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0135
  article-title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria and mortality in type 2 diabetes: the Casale Monferrato study
  publication-title: Diabetologia
  doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0616-1
– volume: 22
  start-page: 1002
  issue: 4
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0225
  article-title: Atherosclerotic renovascular disease: beyond the renal artery stenosis
  publication-title: Nephrol Dial Transplant
  doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfl784
– ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0105
  doi: 10.5551/jat.14001
– volume: 17
  start-page: 319
  issue: 5
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0035
  article-title: Pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease: impact of SGLT2 inhibitors
  publication-title: Nat Rev Nephrol
  doi: 10.1038/s41581-021-00393-8
– volume: 28
  start-page: 317
  issue: 2
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0140
  article-title: Chronic Kidney Disease as a Risk Factor for Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese with Type 2 Diabetes
  publication-title: Am J Nephrol
  doi: 10.1159/000111388
– volume: 3
  start-page: 191
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0220
  article-title: Atherosclerotic renovascular disease – epidemiology, treatment and current challenges
  publication-title: Adv Intervent Cardiol
  doi: 10.5114/aic.2017.70186
– volume: 35
  start-page: i33
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0240
  article-title: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: extending the indication to non-diabetic kidney disease?
  publication-title: Nephrol Dialysis Transplant
  doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfz264
– volume: 31
  start-page: 2041
  issue: 16
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0250
  article-title: Is carotid intima media thickness useful for individual prediction of cardiovascular risk? Ten-year results from the Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression Study (CAPS)
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
  doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq189
– year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0125
  article-title: Urinary proteomics predict onset of microalbuminuria in normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients, a sub-study of the DIRECT-Protect 2 study
  publication-title: Nephrol Dialysis Transplant
  doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfw292
– volume: 100
  start-page: 201
  issue: 3
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0065
  article-title: A state of the art review on intima–media thickness (IMT) measurement and wall segmentation techniques for carotid ultrasound
  publication-title: Comput Methods Programs Biomed
  doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.04.007
– volume: 308
  start-page: 788
  issue: 8
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0265
  article-title: Comparison of Novel Risk Markers for Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Intermediate-Risk Individuals
  publication-title: JAMA
  doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.9624
– volume: 9
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0290
  article-title: Addition of nonalbumin proteinuria to albuminuria improves prediction of type 2 diabetic nephropathy progression
  publication-title: Diabetol Metab Syndr
  doi: 10.1186/s13098-017-0267-4
– volume: 257
  start-page: 430
  issue: 5
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0255
  article-title: Incident coronary events and case fatality in relation to common carotid intima-media thickness
  publication-title: J Intern Med
  doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2005.01485.x
– volume: 11
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0210
  article-title: Klotho as a biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease
  publication-title: Sci Rep
  doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95488-4
– volume: 279
  start-page: 119
  issue: 2
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0280
  article-title: Cigarette Smoking and Progression of Atherosclerosis
  publication-title: JAMA
  doi: 10.1001/jama.279.2.119
– ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0080
  doi: 10.1038/kisup.2012.64
– volume: 34
  start-page: 509
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0285
  article-title: Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease
  publication-title: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
  doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.113.300156
– volume: 122
  start-page: 2748
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0060
  article-title: 2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults: Executive Summary
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182051bab
– volume: 45
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0095
  article-title: Diabetes Fact Sheets in Korea, 2020: An Appraisal of Current Status
  publication-title: Diab Metabol J
  doi: 10.4093/dmj.2020.0254
– volume: 24
  start-page: 302
  issue: 2
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0005
  article-title: Kidney Disease and Increased Mortality Risk in Type 2 Diabetes
  publication-title: J Am Soc Nephrol
  doi: 10.1681/ASN.2012070718
– volume: 32
  start-page: 452
  issue: 5
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0175
  article-title: Can we target tubular damage to prevent renal function decline in diabetes?
  publication-title: Semin Nephrol
  doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.008
– volume: 367
  start-page: 20
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0070
  article-title: Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate from Serum Creatinine and Cystatin C
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1114248
– volume: 30
  start-page: 736
  issue: 8
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0055
  article-title: Nonalbuminuric proteinuria as a biomarker for tubular damage in early development of nephropathy with type 2 diabetic patients
  publication-title: Diab/Metabol Res Rev
  doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2546
– volume: 31
  start-page: 122
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0170
  article-title: Diabetic Nephropathy and its two phenotypes: the proteinuric and non-proteinuric
  publication-title: Port J Nephrol Hypert
– volume: 33
  start-page: 9
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0150
  article-title: Diabetic kidney disease: new clinical and therapeutic issues. Joint position statement of the Italian Diabetes Society and the Italian Society of Nephrology on “The natural history of diabetic kidney disease and treatment of hyperglycemia in patients with
  publication-title: J Nephrol
  doi: 10.1007/s40620-019-00650-x
– volume: 33
  start-page: 297
  year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0090
  article-title: Proteinuria in health and disease assessed by measuring the urinary protein/creatinine ratio
  publication-title: Clin Chem
  doi: 10.1093/clinchem/33.2.297
– volume: 27
  start-page: 2033
  issue: 11
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0230
  article-title: Proteinuria predicts stroke and other atherosclerotic vascular disease events in nondiabetic and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects
  publication-title: Stroke
  doi: 10.1161/01.STR.27.11.2033
– volume: 5
  start-page: e207
  issue: 10
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0235
  article-title: The Relationship between Proteinuria and Coronary Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  publication-title: PLoS Med
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050207
– volume: 74
  start-page: 351
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0190
  article-title: Renal Function in Diabetic Disease Models: The Tubular System in the Pathophysiology of the Diabetic Kidney
  publication-title: Annu Rev Physiol
  doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-020911-153333
– volume: 22
  start-page: 956
  issue: 2
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0205
  article-title: Antiinflammatory Actions of Klotho: Implications for Therapy of Diabetic Nephropathy
  publication-title: Int J Mol Sci
  doi: 10.3390/ijms22020956
– volume: 38
  start-page: 252
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0130
  article-title: Diabetic Kidney Disease: From Epidemiology to Clinical Perspectives
  publication-title: Diab Metabol J
  doi: 10.4093/dmj.2014.38.4.252
– volume: 26
  start-page: 310
  issue: 4
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0145
  article-title: Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness is Associated with Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
  publication-title: Endocrinol Metabol
  doi: 10.3803/EnM.2011.26.4.310
– volume: 22
  start-page: 62
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0275
  article-title: Prognostic implications of intima-media thickness and plaques in the carotid and femoral arteries in patients with stable angina pectoris
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
  doi: 10.1053/euhj.1999.2006
– volume: 9
  start-page: 136
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082_b0050
  article-title: Proteinuria Is Associated with Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis in Non-Albuminuric Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
  publication-title: J Clin Med
  doi: 10.3390/jcm9010136
SSID ssj0006345
Score 2.3421335
Snippet •A high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio may be a useful and early predictive marker for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis , even in patients...
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of urine protein to creatinine ratio (uPCR) in relation to the cardiovascular risk associated with...
SourceID proquest
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 109082
SubjectTerms Carotid artery atherosclerosis
Diabetic kidney disease
DM complication
Proteinuria
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Title Proteinuria as a significant predictive factor for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis in non-albuminuric type 2 diabetes
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0168822721004411
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109082
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2580944698
Volume 181
WOSCitedRecordID wos000708517100003&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1872-8227
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0006345
  issn: 0168-8227
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELa2LUJcEE9RHpWRuK28bF62c6xgESBa9VCk5RQ5jiNSVUm1u6naX8Bv4t8xfiVpeLQ9cLGirD2OM1_s8ew3Y4Te5IwFRZLPSVkoTmDFkySVLCYi1tncArgsTKDwF3Z4yJfL9Ggy-eljYc5PWV3zi4v07L-qGu6BsnXo7C3U3QmFG3ANSocS1A7ljRR_pDMvVHW70uFW66mYaoqGJgTBO9QpAYpK2lzf5qSdjmZoiFo2SYehmgsQUxVTQ_m8nBo7sVlDV1BWhkNbNzUx5GbTlxw7c4dW73vv4HWphVw0nQ_K9JFaPR_AgNRMRES1Y9LQQVVf6p9Gt781UPt70wlxjvBFqydEt5Nw7o0wcHF-A48n5QSsGHZ1yg4Gk67mltoTjH5bD6xr4mSmxw5DnOkeZn39q_m3R-tix1b0RLiTzInJtJjMitlCOyFLUphQd_Y_LZafOzOARrHlz7rn78PH3v7xef5mGI1MBGP3HD9A992GBe9boD1EE1U_QncPHCXjMfoxwBsWayzwAG-4xxu2eMOANwxgwgO84abEDm_Y4g2P8IarGo_whjXecIg93p6grx8Wx-8-Ene6B5FxHG2IpBR221FAhUmiqFIBawuXQZkmRQn7hpzPE85VoqgoqQxTIUTA8iBiSS4LEanoKdqGntUzhHkeC9hH8LCkeUxLmvI5FQo2LkVOZVkGuyj2rzaTLvW9PoHlNPunanfRrGt2ZnO_XNeAer1l_huCpTgDNF7XkHcNneVrLdqbNH3tAZLByqD_7hO1alqolPB5GusTYp_fdiAv0L3-W3yJtjerVr1Cd-T5plqv9tAWW_I9h_df87TlmA
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Proteinuria+as+a+significant+predictive+factor+for+the+progression+of+carotid+artery+atherosclerosis+in+non-albuminuric+type+2+diabetes&rft.jtitle=Diabetes+research+and+clinical+practice&rft.au=Kim%2C+Young-eun&rft.au=Lee%2C+Minyoung&rft.au=Lee%2C+Yong-ho&rft.au=Kang%2C+Eun+Seok&rft.date=2021-11-01&rft.issn=0168-8227&rft.volume=181&rft.spage=109082&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.diabres.2021.109082&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_diabres_2021_109082
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0168-8227&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0168-8227&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0168-8227&client=summon