Thermal reduction of graphene oxide: How temperature influences purity

Among various methods used for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) into a purer form of graphene, the thermal reduction method provides a simpler, safer, and economic alternative, compared to other techniques. Thermal reduction of GO causes significant weight loss and volume expansion of the materi...

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Vydané v:	Journal of materials research Ročník 33; číslo 23; s. 4113 - 4122
Hlavní autori:	Sengupta, Iman, Chakraborty, Samarshi, Talukdar, Monikangkana, Pal, Surjya K., Chakraborty, Sudipto
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	New York, USA Cambridge University Press 14.12.2018 Springer International Publishing Springer Nature B.V
Predmet:	Annealing Applied and Technical Physics Atmospheric pressure Biomaterials Carbon Chemical vapor deposition Crystal defects Defects Fourier transforms Graphene Graphite Infrared analysis Inorganic Chemistry Materials Engineering Materials research Materials Science Microwave heating Nanocomposites Nanotechnology Physical properties Potassium Reaction kinetics Researchers Sulfuric acid Temperature Thermal degradation Thermal reduction Thermogravimetric analysis Weight loss nanoscale thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) C
ISSN:	0884-2914, 2044-5326
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Abstract	Among various methods used for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) into a purer form of graphene, the thermal reduction method provides a simpler, safer, and economic alternative, compared to other techniques. Thermal reduction of GO causes significant weight loss and volume expansion of the material. Current work investigates the onset temperature where reduction in terms of exfoliation takes place, which is determined to be 325 °C at standard atmospheric pressure. Reduction temperature plays the most crucial role as it controls the quality of reduced graphene oxide in terms of weight percentage of carbon and lattice defect. The study leads to achieving highest content with a minimum defect in the graphene lattice at the optimum temperature, which is found to be 350 °C at standard atmospheric pressure. The thermal reduction process has been analyzed with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermal degradation kinetics. From thermal degradation kinetics of GO, the rate of reaction has been found to be independent of concentration and is a sole function of temperature.
AbstractList	Among various methods used for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) into a purer form of graphene, the thermal reduction method provides a simpler, safer, and economic alternative, compared to other techniques. Thermal reduction of GO causes significant weight loss and volume expansion of the material. Current work investigates the onset temperature where reduction in terms of exfoliation takes place, which is determined to be 325 °C at standard atmospheric pressure. Reduction temperature plays the most crucial role as it controls the quality of reduced graphene oxide in terms of weight percentage of carbon and lattice defect. The study leads to achieving highest content with a minimum defect in the graphene lattice at the optimum temperature, which is found to be 350 °C at standard atmospheric pressure. The thermal reduction process has been analyzed with the help of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermal degradation kinetics. From thermal degradation kinetics of GO, the rate of reaction has been found to be independent of concentration and is a sole function of temperature.
Author	Pal, Surjya K. Sengupta, Iman Chakraborty, Sudipto Talukdar, Monikangkana Chakraborty, Samarshi
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Iman surname: Sengupta fullname: Sengupta, Iman organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Samarshi surname: Chakraborty fullname: Chakraborty, Samarshi organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Monikangkana orcidid: 0000-0002-6156-2985 surname: Talukdar fullname: Talukdar, Monikangkana organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India – sequence: 4 givenname: Surjya K. surname: Pal fullname: Pal, Surjya K. organization: †Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India – sequence: 5 givenname: Sudipto surname: Chakraborty fullname: Chakraborty, Sudipto email: sc@che.iitkgp.ernet.in organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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PublicationTitle	Journal of materials research
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Snippet	Among various methods used for the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) into a purer form of graphene, the thermal reduction method provides a simpler, safer, and...
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SubjectTerms	Annealing Applied and Technical Physics Atmospheric pressure Biomaterials Carbon Chemical vapor deposition Crystal defects Defects Fourier transforms Graphene Graphite Infrared analysis Inorganic Chemistry Materials Engineering Materials research Materials Science Microwave heating Nanocomposites Nanotechnology Physical properties Potassium Reaction kinetics Researchers Sulfuric acid Temperature Thermal degradation Thermal reduction Thermogravimetric analysis Weight loss
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Title	Thermal reduction of graphene oxide: How temperature influences purity
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