CircRNA in cancer: Fundamental mechanism and clinical potential

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are a class of single-stranded noncoding RNAs that are formed in a circular conformation via non-canonical splicing or back-splicing events. Aberrant expressions of many circRNAs are observed in diverse cancers, indicating their crucial roles in tumorigenesis and tumor devel...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cancer letters Jg. 505; S. 49 - 57
Hauptverfasser: Chen, Liang, Shan, Ge
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Ireland Elsevier B.V 01.05.2021
Elsevier Limited
Schlagworte:
Back-splicing
Binding sites
Bioinformatics
Biosynthesis
By products
Cancer
Cell cycle
Circular RNA
Competition
Conformation
Dysregulation
Gene expression
Genomes
MicroRNAs
miRNA sponge
Molecular modelling
Proteins
RNA binding proteins
Tumorigenesis
Dysregulation
miRNA sponge
Circular RNA
Back-splicing
RNA binding proteins
ISSN:0304-3835, 1872-7980, 1872-7980
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are a class of single-stranded noncoding RNAs that are formed in a circular conformation via non-canonical splicing or back-splicing events. Aberrant expressions of many circRNAs are observed in diverse cancers, indicating their crucial roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development. Recently, several pieces of evidence have revealed that many circRNAs are involved in the promotion or suppression of cancers to varying degrees via different molecular mechanisms. Here in this review, we present a summary of the characteristics, types, biogenesis, and functions of circRNAs, and outline a series of the most recently studied circRNAs and their functional mechanisms in multiple cancer types with future perspectives. With great advances in nucleic acid-based therapeutic tools, circRNAs could be further explored as targetable molecules in future cancer treatments.0 •CircRNAs have significant regulatory and physiological potentials in diverse cancers.•Differentially expressed circRNAs involve in tumorigenesis.•CircRNAs exert their functions through different mechanisms.•Potentially targetable circRNAs are highly promising in future biomedical research.
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ISSN:0304-3835
1872-7980
1872-7980
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2021.02.004