Surface determination algorithm for accurate XCT bidirectional length measurements
Surface determination plays an important role in XCT bi-directional length measurement, however, its effect on the measurement results is often overlooked or hidden by other error sources. Most of the published research in dimensional field used the Canny algorithm or the surface determination modul...
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| Vydáno v: | Precision engineering Ročník 85; s. 40 - 47 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Elsevier Inc
01.01.2024
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| ISSN: | 0141-6359, 1873-2372 |
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| Abstract | Surface determination plays an important role in XCT bi-directional length measurement, however, its effect on the measurement results is often overlooked or hidden by other error sources. Most of the published research in dimensional field used the Canny algorithm or the surface determination module in VGStudio. Both of them require input from the operator that can also affect the accuracy of the measurements. Alternatively, the marker-controlled watershed (MCW) algorithm has been proven to avoid the latter issue, however, there is no systematic study that evaluated the surface determination algorithm's effect on the accuracy of bi-directional length measurements. In this study a two-sphere reference sample was measured using an XCT scanner and, with the aid of simulations, the effect of the three surface determination methods on bi-directional length measurements was comprehensively studied.
The results show that in the presence of ‘streak’ artefacts, a beam hardening error, if the operator does not set parameters appropriately, Canny and VGStudio implementations lead to either loss of surface or large errors, whereas MCW avoids this issue demonstrating its process automation ability. Nevertheless, with voxel calibration, beam hardening correction and data manipulation, MCW and Canny algorithms enable accurate sphere radius measurements (bi-directional measurements), comparable to the accuracy of an industrial tactile coordinate measuring machine.
•MCW evaluated as an automated surface determination algorithm for XCT 3D dimensional measurements.•SD-s such Canny and VGStudio require optimisation of the user inputs.•With appropriate voxel calibration and beam hardening correction, MCW and Canny enable sub-micron XCT dimensional accuracy. |
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| AbstractList | Surface determination plays an important role in XCT bi-directional length measurement, however, its effect on the measurement results is often overlooked or hidden by other error sources. Most of the published research in dimensional field used the Canny algorithm or the surface determination module in VGStudio. Both of them require input from the operator that can also affect the accuracy of the measurements. Alternatively, the marker-controlled watershed (MCW) algorithm has been proven to avoid the latter issue, however, there is no systematic study that evaluated the surface determination algorithm's effect on the accuracy of bi-directional length measurements. In this study a two-sphere reference sample was measured using an XCT scanner and, with the aid of simulations, the effect of the three surface determination methods on bi-directional length measurements was comprehensively studied.
The results show that in the presence of ‘streak’ artefacts, a beam hardening error, if the operator does not set parameters appropriately, Canny and VGStudio implementations lead to either loss of surface or large errors, whereas MCW avoids this issue demonstrating its process automation ability. Nevertheless, with voxel calibration, beam hardening correction and data manipulation, MCW and Canny algorithms enable accurate sphere radius measurements (bi-directional measurements), comparable to the accuracy of an industrial tactile coordinate measuring machine.
•MCW evaluated as an automated surface determination algorithm for XCT 3D dimensional measurements.•SD-s such Canny and VGStudio require optimisation of the user inputs.•With appropriate voxel calibration and beam hardening correction, MCW and Canny enable sub-micron XCT dimensional accuracy. |
| Author | Sun, Wenjuan Yang, Xiuyuan Giusca, Claudiu L. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xiuyuan orcidid: 0000-0002-2136-5821 surname: Yang fullname: Yang, Xiuyuan organization: Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK430AL, United Kingdom – sequence: 2 givenname: Wenjuan surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Wenjuan email: wenjuan.sun@npl.co.uk organization: Engineering Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom – sequence: 3 givenname: Claudiu L. orcidid: 0000-0003-3765-5660 surname: Giusca fullname: Giusca, Claudiu L. email: c.giusca@cranfield.ac.uk organization: Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK430AL, United Kingdom |
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