Extracellular vesicles: A new paradigm in understanding, diagnosing and treating neurodegenerative disease

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are becoming one of the leading causes of disability and death across the globe due to lack of timely preventions and treatments. Concurrently, intensive research efforts are being carried out to understand the etiology of these age-dependent disorders. Extracellula...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in aging neuroscience Vol. 14; p. 967231
Main Authors: Dar, Ghulam Hassan, Badierah, Raied, Nathan, Erica G., Bhat, Mohmad Abass, Dar, Abid Hamid, Redwan, Elrashdy M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A 03.11.2022
Subjects:
biomarkers
drug delivery
extracellular vesicles
heterogeneity
neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroscience
ISSN:1663-4365, 1663-4365
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are becoming one of the leading causes of disability and death across the globe due to lack of timely preventions and treatments. Concurrently, intensive research efforts are being carried out to understand the etiology of these age-dependent disorders. Extracellular vesicles (EVs)—biological nanoparticles released by cells—are gaining tremendous attention in understanding their role in pathogenesis and progression of NDs. EVs have been found to transmit pathogenic proteins of NDs between neurons. Moreover, the ability of EVs to exquisitely surmount natural biological barriers, including blood-brain barrier and in vivo safety has generated interest in exploring them as potential biomarkers and function as natural delivery vehicles of drugs to the central nervous system. However, limited knowledge of EV biogenesis, their heterogeneity and lack of adequate isolation and analysis tools have hampered their therapeutic potential. In this review, we cover the recent advances in understanding the role of EVs in neurodegeneration and address their role as biomarkers and delivery vehicles to the brain.
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This article was submitted to Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias, a section of the journal Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Reviewed by: Volodymyr Shvadchak, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Czechia; Werner J. Geldenhuys, West Virginia University, United States
Edited by: Arif Tasleem Jan, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, India
ISSN:1663-4365
1663-4365
DOI:10.3389/fnagi.2022.967231