Taxonomies in software engineering: A Systematic mapping study and a revised taxonomy development method

Context: Software Engineering (SE) is an evolving discipline with new subareas being continuously developed and added. To structure and better understand the SE body of knowledge, taxonomies have been proposed in all SE knowledge areas. Objective: The objective of this paper is to characterize the s...

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Published in:	Information and software technology Vol. 85; pp. 43 - 59
Main Authors:	Usman, Muhammad, Britto, Ricardo, Börstler, Jürgen, Mendes, Emilia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01.05.2017
Subjects:	Classification Software engineering Systematic mapping study Taxonomy Taxonomy Classification Systematic mapping study Software engineering
ISSN:	0950-5849, 1873-6025, 1873-6025
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Abstract	Context: Software Engineering (SE) is an evolving discipline with new subareas being continuously developed and added. To structure and better understand the SE body of knowledge, taxonomies have been proposed in all SE knowledge areas. Objective: The objective of this paper is to characterize the state-of-the-art research on SE taxonomies. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted, based on 270 primary studies. Results: An increasing number of SE taxonomies have been published since 2000 in a broad range of venues, including the top SE journals and conferences. The majority of taxonomies can be grouped into the following SWEBOK knowledge areas: construction (19.55%), design (19.55%), requirements (15.50%) and maintenance (11.81%). Illustration (45.76%) is the most frequently used approach for taxonomy validation. Hierarchy (53.14%) and faceted analysis (39.48%) are the most frequently used classification structures. Most taxonomies rely on qualitative procedures to classify subject matter instances, but in most cases (86.53%) these procedures are not described in sufficient detail. The majority of the taxonomies (97%) target unique subject matters and many taxonomy-papers are cited frequently. Most SE taxonomies are designed in an ad-hoc way. To address this issue, we have revised an existing method for developing taxonomies in a more systematic way. Conclusion: There is a strong interest in taxonomies in SE, but few taxonomies are extended or revised. Taxonomy design decisions regarding the used classification structures, procedures and descriptive bases are usually not well described and motivated.
AbstractList	Context: Software Engineering (SE) is an evolving discipline with new subareas being continuously developed and added. To structure and better understand the SE body of knowledge, taxonomies have been proposed in all SE knowledge areas. Objective: The objective of this paper is to characterize the state-of-the-art research on SE taxonomies. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted, based on 270 primary studies. Results: An increasing number of SE taxonomies have been published since 2000 in a broad range of venues, including the top SE journals and conferences. The majority of taxonomies can be grouped into the following SWEBOI(knowledge areas: construction (19.55%), design (19.55%), requirements (15.50%) and maintenance (11.81%). Illustration (45.76%) is the most frequently used approach for taxonomy validation. Hierarchy (53.14%) and faceted analysis (39.48%) are the most frequently used classification structures. Most taxonomies rely on qualitative procedures to classify subject matter instances, but in most cases (86.53%) these procedures are not described in sufficient detail. The majority of the taxonomies (97%) target unique subject matters and many taxonomy-papers are cited frequently. Most SE taxonomies are designed in an ad-hoc way. To address this issue, we have revised an existing method for developing taxonomies in a more systematic way. Conclusion: There is a strong interest in taxonomies in SE, but few taxonomies are extended or revised. Taxonomy design decisions regarding the used classification structures, procedures and descriptive bases are usually not well described and motivated. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Context: Software Engineering (SE) is an evolving discipline with new subareas being continuously developed and added. To structure and better understand the SE body of knowledge, taxonomies have been proposed in all SE knowledge areas. Objective: The objective of this paper is to characterize the state-of-the-art research on SE taxonomies. Method: A systematic mapping study was conducted, based on 270 primary studies. Results: An increasing number of SE taxonomies have been published since 2000 in a broad range of venues, including the top SE journals and conferences. The majority of taxonomies can be grouped into the following SWEBOK knowledge areas: construction (19.55%), design (19.55%), requirements (15.50%) and maintenance (11.81%). Illustration (45.76%) is the most frequently used approach for taxonomy validation. Hierarchy (53.14%) and faceted analysis (39.48%) are the most frequently used classification structures. Most taxonomies rely on qualitative procedures to classify subject matter instances, but in most cases (86.53%) these procedures are not described in sufficient detail. The majority of the taxonomies (97%) target unique subject matters and many taxonomy-papers are cited frequently. Most SE taxonomies are designed in an ad-hoc way. To address this issue, we have revised an existing method for developing taxonomies in a more systematic way. Conclusion: There is a strong interest in taxonomies in SE, but few taxonomies are extended or revised. Taxonomy design decisions regarding the used classification structures, procedures and descriptive bases are usually not well described and motivated.
Author	Börstler, Jürgen Usman, Muhammad Britto, Ricardo Mendes, Emilia
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Muhammad surname: Usman fullname: Usman, Muhammad email: muhammad.usman@bth.se organization: Department of Software Engineering (DIPT), Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, 371 79, Sweden – sequence: 2 givenname: Ricardo surname: Britto fullname: Britto, Ricardo email: ricardo.britto@bth.se organization: Department of Software Engineering (DIPT), Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, 371 79, Sweden – sequence: 3 givenname: Jürgen surname: Börstler fullname: Börstler, Jürgen email: jurgen.borstler@bth.se organization: Department of Software Engineering (DIPT), Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, 371 79, Sweden – sequence: 4 givenname: Emilia surname: Mendes fullname: Mendes, Emilia email: emilia.mendes@bth.se organization: Department of Computer Science and Engineering (DIDD), Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Karlskrona, 371 79, Sweden
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Title	Taxonomies in software engineering: A Systematic mapping study and a revised taxonomy development method
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