Plasticizers and bisphenol A, in packaged foods sold in the Tunisian markets: study of their acute in vivo toxicity and their environmental fate

Today, processed and packaged foods are considered as among the major sources of human exposure to plasticizers and bisphenol which migrate from plastic packing. In the present study, a wide range of food products sold on the Tunisian market such as grain and grain products, milk and dairy products,...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Environmental science and pollution research international Jg. 24; H. 28; S. 22382 - 22392
Hauptverfasser:	Beltifa, Asma, Feriani, Anouar, Machreki, Monia, Ghorbel, Asma, Ghazouani, Lakhdar, Di Bella, Giuseppa, Van Loco, Joris, Reyns, Tim, Mansour, Hedi Ben
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.10.2017 Springer Nature B.V
Schlagworte:	Alanine Alanine transaminase Alkaline phosphatase Animal models Animals Aquatic environment Aquatic plants Aquatic Pollution Aspartate aminotransferase aspartate transaminase Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Benzhydryl Compounds - analysis Benzhydryl Compounds - toxicity Biocompatibility Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Bisphenol A blood Bream butter Butyl phthalate candy Chemical analysis chemical elements Chocolate Coastal environments coasts Confectionery Contamination Creatinine Cyclohexane Dairy products Dibutyl phthalate Diisodecyl phthalate Diisononyl phthalate Drinking water Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Environment Environmental Chemistry environmental fate Environmental Health Environmental science Environmental testing enzyme activity Fats Fish Fish oils Food Food Contamination - analysis Food Packaging Food products glucose Grain grain products histopathology Humans In vivo methods and tests Juices Kidney - drug effects Kidney - pathology Kidneys lactate dehydrogenase lipids Liver - drug effects Liver - pathology Male Marine organisms markets Mice Milk oils Oils & fats orange juice pastries peach juice Phenols - analysis Phenols - toxicity Phthalates Phthalic Acids - analysis Phthalic Acids - toxicity Plasticizers Plasticizers - analysis Plasticizers - toxicity Research Article Sparus aurata tissues Toxicity Toxicity Tests, Acute Tunisia Urea urea nitrogen Uric acid Waste Water Technology Wastewater treatment Wastewater treatment plants Water Management Water Pollution Control yogurt Tunisia Marine organisms Bisphenol A Plasticizers Biochemical analysis Food contamination Acute toxicity
ISSN:	0944-1344, 1614-7499, 1614-7499
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Zusammenfassung:	Today, processed and packaged foods are considered as among the major sources of human exposure to plasticizers and bisphenol which migrate from plastic packing. In the present study, a wide range of food products sold on the Tunisian market such as grain and grain products, milk and dairy products, fats and oil, drink, fish, and sweets have been analyzed firstly in order to identify the presence of phthalates and bisphenol. Then, the identified chemical molecules were studied for their environmental fate and tested in vivo for its toxicity in mice models. The food products analyzed using GC-MS/MS indicated the presence of the benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), diisodecyl phthalate (DiDP), diisononyl phthalate (DiNP), and 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINC) and which using UPLC-MS/MS demonstrated the presence of bisphenol A of all food products. However, compared to other phthalates, BBP was found at high concentrations in the puff pastry (123 mg/kg), milk (2.59 mg/kg), butter (1.5 mg/kg), yogurt (2.23 mg/kg), oil (6.94 mg/kg), water (0.57 mg/kg), candy 1 (2.35 mg/kg), candy 2 (0.81 mg/kg), orange juice (1.25 mg/kg), peach juice (1.26 mg/kg), fruit juices (0.4 mg/kg), and chocolate (0.884 mg/kg). The obtained data in vivo clearly showed that the acute administration of BBP caused hepatic and renal damage as demonstrated by an increase in biochemical parameters as well as the activities of plasma marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, urea, creatinine, and uric acid when compared to the control group. By the same occurrence, the histopathological study revealed that BBP strongly modified the structure of hepatic and renal tissues. In addition, the plasticizers and BBP will therefore discharge via wastewater treatment plants in aquatic system and could reach marine organisms such as fish. We have followed the fate of BBP in bream Sparus aurata . In fact, chemical analysis showed the contamination of wild S. aurata by BBP from Sousse Coast (1.5 mg/kg) and wild S. aurata from Monastir Coast (0.33 mg/kg).
Bibliographie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0944-1344 1614-7499 1614-7499
DOI:	10.1007/s11356-017-9861-0