The professional and personal characteristics of effective psychotherapists: a systematic review

Objective: Psychotherapists differ notably in the outcomes their patients achieve, and the characteristics that may explain these differences have attracted increasing interest. We systematically review studies on therapist pre-treatment characteristics predicting patient outcomes. Method: Systemati...

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Vydáno v:Psychotherapy research Ročník 30; číslo 4; s. 417 - 432
Hlavní autoři: Heinonen, Erkki, Nissen-Lie, Helene A.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Routledge 18.05.2020
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Témata:
Attachment
Attitudes
características do terapeuta
Clinical outcomes
Clinical psychology
Clinical research
Coping
Disorders
efeitos do terapeuta
Humans
Medical treatment
Medicine
outcome
Pathology
Patients
Perceptions
Personal characteristics
Personal information
Professional-Patient Relations
Psychology
Psychotherapists
Psychotherapy
Relatedness
resultado
revisão sistemática
Self Concept
Self evaluation
Skills
Social Skills
Soft skills
Systematic review
therapist characteristics
therapist effects
Therapists
Work skills
治療師效果
治療師特徵
治療成效
系統性回顧
therapist characteristics
systematic review
therapist effects
outcome
ISSN:1050-3307, 1468-4381, 1468-4381
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Shrnutí:Objective: Psychotherapists differ notably in the outcomes their patients achieve, and the characteristics that may explain these differences have attracted increasing interest. We systematically review studies on therapist pre-treatment characteristics predicting patient outcomes. Method: Systematic searches on databases for psychotherapy research, clinical psychology, and medical science for the years 2000-2018 identified published research examining therapist characteristics and psychotherapy outcomes. Of 2041 studies, 31 met inclusion criteria. Results: Findings show a few direct effects of therapist intrapersonal variables (e.g., self-relatedness, attachment) and several interaction effects with other constructs (e.g., patient pathology) on outcome. There is little support for the relevance of self-rated social skills. However, more consistent evidence has recently emerged for performance-based measurements of professional interpersonal skills, especially when elicited in challenging situations. Patient outcomes were also predicted by therapists' self-rated professional characteristics, such as their experienced difficulties in practice, coping mechanisms, and attitudes towards therapeutic work, indicating that therapist self-perception also matters, although not always in the direction expected. Conclusions: More effective therapists seem characterized by professionally cultivated interpersonal capacities, which are likely rooted in their personal lives and attachment history. Research guidelines are proposed for moving this field forward (including larger samples, multilevel modeling, and in-depth qualitative work).
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ObjectType-Evidence Based Healthcare-1
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ISSN:1050-3307
1468-4381
1468-4381
DOI:10.1080/10503307.2019.1620366