Prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia
Aims The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the characteristics of people with and without cancer initiating prescription opioid analgesics. Methods A retrospective population‐based study was conducte...
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| Published in: | British journal of clinical pharmacology Vol. 85; no. 1; pp. 202 - 215 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
England
John Wiley and Sons Inc
01.01.2019
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| ISSN: | 0306-5251, 1365-2125, 1365-2125 |
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| Abstract | Aims
The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the characteristics of people with and without cancer initiating prescription opioid analgesics.
Methods
A retrospective population‐based study was conducted using the random 10% sample of adults who were dispensed prescription opioid analgesics in Australia between July 2013 and June 2017 through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) for opioid prevalence and incidence. The characteristics of people initiating opioids, including type of opioid initiated, total oral morphine equivalents dispensed, prescriber speciality, medical comorbidities, and past analgesic and benzodiazepine use, were compared for people with and without cancer.
Results
Opioid prevalence increased {RR = 1.006 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.004, 1.008]}, while incidence decreased [RR = 0.977 (95% CI 0.975,0.979)] from 2013/2014 to 2016/2017. There were between 287 677 and 307 772 prevalent users each year. In total, 769 334 adults initiated opioids between 2013/2014 and 2016/2017, and half of these initiations were by general practitioners. Initiation with a strong opioid occurred in 55.8% of those with cancer and 28.2% of those without cancer.
Conclusion
Rates of opioid use have remained high since 2013, with approximately 3 million adults using opioids and over 1.9 million adults initiating opioids each year. Between 2013 and 2017, opioid prevalence has slightly increased but incidence has decreased. People without cancer account for the majority of opioid use and are more likely to be initiated on short‐acting and weak opioids. Initiation of strong opioids has increased over time, reinforcing concerns about increased use and the harms associated with strong opioids in the community. |
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| AbstractList | The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the characteristics of people with and without cancer initiating prescription opioid analgesics.AIMSThe aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the characteristics of people with and without cancer initiating prescription opioid analgesics.A retrospective population-based study was conducted using the random 10% sample of adults who were dispensed prescription opioid analgesics in Australia between July 2013 and June 2017 through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) for opioid prevalence and incidence. The characteristics of people initiating opioids, including type of opioid initiated, total oral morphine equivalents dispensed, prescriber speciality, medical comorbidities, and past analgesic and benzodiazepine use, were compared for people with and without cancer.METHODSA retrospective population-based study was conducted using the random 10% sample of adults who were dispensed prescription opioid analgesics in Australia between July 2013 and June 2017 through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) for opioid prevalence and incidence. The characteristics of people initiating opioids, including type of opioid initiated, total oral morphine equivalents dispensed, prescriber speciality, medical comorbidities, and past analgesic and benzodiazepine use, were compared for people with and without cancer.Opioid prevalence increased {RR = 1.006 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.004, 1.008]}, while incidence decreased [RR = 0.977 (95% CI 0.975,0.979)] from 2013/2014 to 2016/2017. There were between 287 677 and 307 772 prevalent users each year. In total, 769 334 adults initiated opioids between 2013/2014 and 2016/2017, and half of these initiations were by general practitioners. Initiation with a strong opioid occurred in 55.8% of those with cancer and 28.2% of those without cancer.RESULTSOpioid prevalence increased {RR = 1.006 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.004, 1.008]}, while incidence decreased [RR = 0.977 (95% CI 0.975,0.979)] from 2013/2014 to 2016/2017. There were between 287 677 and 307 772 prevalent users each year. In total, 769 334 adults initiated opioids between 2013/2014 and 2016/2017, and half of these initiations were by general practitioners. Initiation with a strong opioid occurred in 55.8% of those with cancer and 28.2% of those without cancer.Rates of opioid use have remained high since 2013, with approximately 3 million adults using opioids and over 1.9 million adults initiating opioids each year. Between 2013 and 2017, opioid prevalence has slightly increased but incidence has decreased. People without cancer account for the majority of opioid use and are more likely to be initiated on short-acting and weak opioids. Initiation of strong opioids has increased over time, reinforcing concerns about increased use and the harms associated with strong opioids in the community.CONCLUSIONRates of opioid use have remained high since 2013, with approximately 3 million adults using opioids and over 1.9 million adults initiating opioids each year. Between 2013 and 2017, opioid prevalence has slightly increased but incidence has decreased. People without cancer account for the majority of opioid use and are more likely to be initiated on short-acting and weak opioids. Initiation of strong opioids has increased over time, reinforcing concerns about increased use and the harms associated with strong opioids in the community. Aims The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the characteristics of people with and without cancer initiating prescription opioid analgesics. Methods A retrospective population‐based study was conducted using the random 10% sample of adults who were dispensed prescription opioid analgesics in Australia between July 2013 and June 2017 through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) for opioid prevalence and incidence. The characteristics of people initiating opioids, including type of opioid initiated, total oral morphine equivalents dispensed, prescriber speciality, medical comorbidities, and past analgesic and benzodiazepine use, were compared for people with and without cancer. Results Opioid prevalence increased {RR = 1.006 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.004, 1.008]}, while incidence decreased [RR = 0.977 (95% CI 0.975,0.979)] from 2013/2014 to 2016/2017. There were between 287 677 and 307 772 prevalent users each year. In total, 769 334 adults initiated opioids between 2013/2014 and 2016/2017, and half of these initiations were by general practitioners. Initiation with a strong opioid occurred in 55.8% of those with cancer and 28.2% of those without cancer. Conclusion Rates of opioid use have remained high since 2013, with approximately 3 million adults using opioids and over 1.9 million adults initiating opioids each year. Between 2013 and 2017, opioid prevalence has slightly increased but incidence has decreased. People without cancer account for the majority of opioid use and are more likely to be initiated on short‐acting and weak opioids. Initiation of strong opioids has increased over time, reinforcing concerns about increased use and the harms associated with strong opioids in the community. The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the characteristics of people with and without cancer initiating prescription opioid analgesics. A retrospective population-based study was conducted using the random 10% sample of adults who were dispensed prescription opioid analgesics in Australia between July 2013 and June 2017 through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) for opioid prevalence and incidence. The characteristics of people initiating opioids, including type of opioid initiated, total oral morphine equivalents dispensed, prescriber speciality, medical comorbidities, and past analgesic and benzodiazepine use, were compared for people with and without cancer. Opioid prevalence increased {RR = 1.006 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.004, 1.008]}, while incidence decreased [RR = 0.977 (95% CI 0.975,0.979)] from 2013/2014 to 2016/2017. There were between 287 677 and 307 772 prevalent users each year. In total, 769 334 adults initiated opioids between 2013/2014 and 2016/2017, and half of these initiations were by general practitioners. Initiation with a strong opioid occurred in 55.8% of those with cancer and 28.2% of those without cancer. Rates of opioid use have remained high since 2013, with approximately 3 million adults using opioids and over 1.9 million adults initiating opioids each year. Between 2013 and 2017, opioid prevalence has slightly increased but incidence has decreased. People without cancer account for the majority of opioid use and are more likely to be initiated on short-acting and weak opioids. Initiation of strong opioids has increased over time, reinforcing concerns about increased use and the harms associated with strong opioids in the community. |
| Author | Lalic, Samanta Gisev, Natasa Ilomäki, Jenni Korhonen, Maarit Jaana Bell, J. Simon |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide SA Australia 6 National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia 3 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia 2 Pharmacy Department Austin Health Melbourne VIC Australia 1 Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia 5 Institute of Biomedicine University of Turku Turku Finland |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical, Sciences Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia – name: 3 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia – name: 6 National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney Sydney NSW Australia – name: 2 Pharmacy Department Austin Health Melbourne VIC Australia – name: 5 Institute of Biomedicine University of Turku Turku Finland – name: 4 School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide SA Australia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Samanta orcidid: 0000-0002-7055-3626 surname: Lalic fullname: Lalic, Samanta email: samanta.lalic@monash.edu organization: Austin Health – sequence: 2 givenname: Jenni surname: Ilomäki fullname: Ilomäki, Jenni organization: Monash University – sequence: 3 givenname: J. Simon surname: Bell fullname: Bell, J. Simon organization: University of South Australia – sequence: 4 givenname: Maarit Jaana surname: Korhonen fullname: Korhonen, Maarit Jaana organization: University of Turku – sequence: 5 givenname: Natasa orcidid: 0000-0003-0452-8470 surname: Gisev fullname: Gisev, Natasa organization: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Sydney |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30338545$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the... The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia and compare the characteristics... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Aged Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use Australia Australia - epidemiology Cancer Pain - drug therapy Cancer Pain - epidemiology Comorbidity Drug Prescriptions - statistics & numerical data drug utilization Female Humans incidence Male Middle Aged opioid analgesics Opioid-Related Disorders - prevention & control Original pain Practice Patterns, Physicians' - statistics & numerical data prevalence Retrospective Studies Young Adult |
| Title | Prevalence and incidence of prescription opioid analgesic use in Australia |
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