Our Body Our Health (Jirkeena, Caafimaadkeena): Somali Women’s Narratives on Sexual Health

Women across the globe have been subject to female genital cutting (FGC), with the highest rates in Somalia. FGC can result in sexual concerns, especially sexual pain and lower pleasure. Due to ongoing civil war and climate disasters, there is a large number of Somali immigrants and refugees living...

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Published in:	The Journal of sex research Vol. 62; no. 7; pp. 1253 - 1267
Main Authors:	Connor, Jennifer Jo, Abdi, Cawo, Chen, Muzi, Salad, Munira, Pergament, Shannon, Afey, Foos, Hussein, Intisar, Robinson, Beatrice “Bean” E.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality 02.09.2025
Subjects:	Adult Arousal Circumcision, Female - adverse effects Circumcision, Female - ethnology Circumcision, Female - psychology Civil war Coping Female Female circumcision Health care Health care industry Health services Humans Immigrants Long term Medical personnel Middle Aged Pain Pleasure Qualitative Research Refugees Sampling Satisfaction Sexual behavior Sexual Behavior - ethnology Sexual Behavior - psychology Sexual desire Sexual health Sexual Health - ethnology Sexual intercourse Sexual satisfaction Somali language Somalia - ethnology United States - ethnology Women Young Adult Somalia United States
ISSN:	0022-4499, 1559-8519, 1559-8519
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Abstract	Women across the globe have been subject to female genital cutting (FGC), with the highest rates in Somalia. FGC can result in sexual concerns, especially sexual pain and lower pleasure. Due to ongoing civil war and climate disasters, there is a large number of Somali immigrants and refugees living in countries where healthcare providers may be unfamiliar with the impact of FGC. In this qualitative study, sixty Somali women between the ages 20 and 45 and living in the U.S. shared their perspectives on how FGC has affected their sexual lives, including how they have coped with any complications attributed to FGC. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and interviewed by a bilingual community researcher in either Somali or English. Data were analyzed through a participatory analysis process by academic and community researchers. Themes included sexual desire, arousal, and pleasure; sexual satisfaction; sexual pain at first intercourse; coping with sexual pain at first intercourse; long-term sexual pain, coping with long-term sexual pain. Results are discussed with a focus on agency of the participants, role of partners, and implications for healthcare professionals.
AbstractList	Women across the globe have been subject to female genital cutting (FGC), with the highest rates in Somalia. FGC can result in sexual concerns, especially sexual pain and lower pleasure. Due to ongoing civil war and climate disasters, there is a large number of Somali immigrants and refugees living in countries where healthcare providers may be unfamiliar with the impact of FGC. In this qualitative study, sixty Somali women between the ages 20 and 45 and living in the U.S. shared their perspectives on how FGC has affected their sexual lives, including how they have coped with any complications attributed to FGC. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and interviewed by a bilingual community researcher in either Somali or English. Data were analysed through a participatory analysis process by academic and community researchers. Themes included sexual desire, arousal, and pleasure; sexual satisfaction; sexual pain at first intercourse; coping with sexual pain at first intercourse; long-term sexual pain, coping with long-term sexual pain. Results are discussed with a focus on agency of the participants, role of partners, and implications for healthcare professionals. Women across the globe have been subject to female genital cutting (FGC), with the highest rates in Somalia. FGC can result in sexual concerns, especially sexual pain and lower pleasure. Due to ongoing civil war and climate disasters, there is a large number of Somali immigrants and refugees living in countries where healthcare providers may be unfamiliar with the impact of FGC. In this qualitative study, sixty Somali women between the ages 20 and 45 and living in the U.S. shared their perspectives on how FGC has affected their sexual lives, including how they have coped with any complications attributed to FGC. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and interviewed by a bilingual community researcher in either Somali or English. Data were analyzed through a participatory analysis process by academic and community researchers. Themes included sexual desire, arousal, and pleasure; sexual satisfaction; sexual pain at first intercourse; coping with sexual pain at first intercourse; long-term sexual pain, coping with long-term sexual pain. Results are discussed with a focus on agency of the participants, role of partners, and implications for healthcare professionals.Women across the globe have been subject to female genital cutting (FGC), with the highest rates in Somalia. FGC can result in sexual concerns, especially sexual pain and lower pleasure. Due to ongoing civil war and climate disasters, there is a large number of Somali immigrants and refugees living in countries where healthcare providers may be unfamiliar with the impact of FGC. In this qualitative study, sixty Somali women between the ages 20 and 45 and living in the U.S. shared their perspectives on how FGC has affected their sexual lives, including how they have coped with any complications attributed to FGC. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and interviewed by a bilingual community researcher in either Somali or English. Data were analyzed through a participatory analysis process by academic and community researchers. Themes included sexual desire, arousal, and pleasure; sexual satisfaction; sexual pain at first intercourse; coping with sexual pain at first intercourse; long-term sexual pain, coping with long-term sexual pain. Results are discussed with a focus on agency of the participants, role of partners, and implications for healthcare professionals. Women across the globe have been subject to female genital cutting (FGC), with the highest rates in Somalia. FGC can result in sexual concerns, especially sexual pain and lower pleasure. Due to ongoing civil war and climate disasters, there is a large number of Somali immigrants and refugees living in countries where healthcare providers may be unfamiliar with the impact of FGC. In this qualitative study, sixty Somali women between the ages 20 and 45 and living in the U.S. shared their perspectives on how FGC has affected their sexual lives, including how they have coped with any complications attributed to FGC. Participants were recruited through convenience sampling and interviewed by a bilingual community researcher in either Somali or English. Data were analyzed through a participatory analysis process by academic and community researchers. Themes included sexual desire, arousal, and pleasure; sexual satisfaction; sexual pain at first intercourse; coping with sexual pain at first intercourse; long-term sexual pain, coping with long-term sexual pain. Results are discussed with a focus on agency of the participants, role of partners, and implications for healthcare professionals.
Author	Abdi, Cawo Afey, Foos Salad, Munira Robinson, Beatrice “Bean” E. Connor, Jennifer Jo Chen, Muzi Pergament, Shannon Hussein, Intisar
AuthorAffiliation	c SoLaHmo, Community-University Health Care Center (CUHCC), University of Minnesota, 2001 Bloomington Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55404, USA b Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, 1033 Social Sciences Building, 267 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA a Eli Coleman Institute for Sexual and Gender Health; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 180, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: b Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, 1033 Social Sciences Building, 267 19th Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA – name: c SoLaHmo, Community-University Health Care Center (CUHCC), University of Minnesota, 2001 Bloomington Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55404, USA – name: a Eli Coleman Institute for Sexual and Gender Health; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 180, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Jennifer Jo surname: Connor fullname: Connor, Jennifer Jo – sequence: 2 givenname: Cawo surname: Abdi fullname: Abdi, Cawo – sequence: 3 givenname: Muzi surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Muzi – sequence: 4 givenname: Munira surname: Salad fullname: Salad, Munira – sequence: 5 givenname: Shannon surname: Pergament fullname: Pergament, Shannon – sequence: 6 givenname: Foos surname: Afey fullname: Afey, Foos – sequence: 7 givenname: Intisar surname: Hussein fullname: Hussein, Intisar – sequence: 8 givenname: Beatrice “Bean” E. surname: Robinson fullname: Robinson, Beatrice “Bean” E.
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Snippet	Women across the globe have been subject to female genital cutting (FGC), with the highest rates in Somalia. FGC can result in sexual concerns, especially...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Arousal Circumcision, Female - adverse effects Circumcision, Female - ethnology Circumcision, Female - psychology Civil war Coping Female Female circumcision Health care Health care industry Health services Humans Immigrants Long term Medical personnel Middle Aged Pain Pleasure Qualitative Research Refugees Sampling Satisfaction Sexual behavior Sexual Behavior - ethnology Sexual Behavior - psychology Sexual desire Sexual health Sexual Health - ethnology Sexual intercourse Sexual satisfaction Somali language Somalia - ethnology United States - ethnology Women Young Adult
Title	Our Body Our Health (Jirkeena, Caafimaadkeena): Somali Women’s Narratives on Sexual Health
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