Co-existence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease: A review article

Emerging data have highlighted the co-existence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and inflammatory bowel disease; both of which are increasingly prevalent disorders with significant complications and impact on future health burden. Cross-section observational studies have shown widely var...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 22; no. 34; p. 7727
Main Authors: Chao, Che-Yung, Battat, Robert, Al Khoury, Alex, Restellini, Sophie, Sebastiani, Giada, Bessissow, Talat
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 14.09.2016
Subjects:
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - complications
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - diagnosis
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - epidemiology
Insulin Resistance
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - diagnosis
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - epidemiology
Parenteral Nutrition
Prevalence
Prognosis
Risk Factors
Steroids - therapeutic use
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors
Metabolic syndrome
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis
ISSN:2219-2840, 2219-2840
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Emerging data have highlighted the co-existence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and inflammatory bowel disease; both of which are increasingly prevalent disorders with significant complications and impact on future health burden. Cross-section observational studies have shown widely variable prevalence rates of co-existing disease, largely due to differences in disease definition and diagnostic tools utilised in the studies. Age, obesity, insulin resistance and other metabolic conditions are common risks factors in observational studies. However, other studies have also suggested a more dominant role of inflammatory bowel disease related factors such as disease activity, duration, steroid use and prior surgical intervention, in the development of NAFLD. This suggests a potentially more complex pathogenesis and relationship between the two diseases which may be contributed by factors including altered intestinal permeability, gut dysbiosis and chronic inflammatory response. Commonly used immunomodulation agents pose potential hepatic toxicity, however no definitive evidence exist linking them to the development of hepatic steatosis, nor are there any data on the impact of therapy and prognosis in patient with co-existent diseases. Further studies are required to assess the impact and establish appropriate screening and management strategies in order to allow early identification, intervention and improve patient outcomes.
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ISSN:2219-2840
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v22.i34.7727