Systemic evaluation of community environmental management programmes

•Community environmental management programmes are about community engagement.•The relationship between community engagement and environmental outcomes is complex.•A systemic evaluation methodology is presented to address this complexity.•Promising results from a trial with a regional council in New...

Celý popis

Uložené v:
Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:European journal of operational research Ročník 288; číslo 1; s. 207 - 224
Hlavní autori: Foote, J., Midgley, G., Ahuriri-Driscoll, A., Hepi, M., Earl-Goulet, J.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Elsevier B.V 01.01.2021
Predmet:
ISSN:0377-2217, 1872-6860, 1872-6860
On-line prístup:Získať plný text
Tagy: Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
Abstract •Community environmental management programmes are about community engagement.•The relationship between community engagement and environmental outcomes is complex.•A systemic evaluation methodology is presented to address this complexity.•Promising results from a trial with a regional council in New Zealand are discussed.•There is potential for adaptation to other contexts. Community environmental management (CEM) involves the facilitation of community partnerships, local dialogue, consultation and participative decision-making. This is increasingly seen as a solution to some of the more complex environmental issues faced by regulatory authorities. Anecdotal evidence suggests that CEM programmes have much potential, but the evaluation of them is problematic, and there is a need for more robust evidence of their effectiveness. This paper reports on the development of a new CEM evaluation approach (inspired by soft systems methodology, developmental work research and systemic intervention), which was trialled with a New Zealand regional council. The approach shows promise in addressing common evaluation bottlenecks and helping stakeholders to develop causal narratives that more fully account for the complex relationship between community participation and environmental outcomes. However, while the local participants in the CEM initiative acted on the evaluation findings, they hoped that it would stimulate wider organisational change, and this did not happen. Project reflections, informed by institutional theory, reveal that the logics of ‘participation’ and ‘community’ implicit in the findings were appropriate for local participants, but non-participating regional council stakeholders read the findings with different logics, and therefore the evaluation failed to communicate the necessity for wider change. The reflections highlight a previously unrecognised evaluation bottleneck. While the CEM evaluation methodology has the potential to be adapted for other contexts, if wider organisational change is required, care must be taken to anticipate the different institutional logics of stakeholders who might be unfamiliar with, or even hostile to, CEM.
AbstractList Community environmental management (CEM) involves the facilitation of community partnerships, local dialogue, consultation and participative decision-making. This is increasingly seen as a solution to some of the more complex environmental issues faced by regulatory authorities. Anecdotal evidence suggests that CEM programmes have much potential, but the evaluation of them is problematic, and there is a need for more robust evidence of their effectiveness. This paper reports on the development of a new CEM evaluation approach (inspired by soft systems methodology, developmental work research and systemic intervention), which was trialled with a New Zealand regional council. The approach shows promise in addressing common evaluation bottlenecks and helping stakeholders to develop causal narratives that more fully account for the complex relationship between community participation and environmental outcomes. However, while the local participants in the CEM initiative acted on the evaluation findings, they hoped that it would stimulate wider organisational change, and this did not happen. Project reflections, informed by institutional theory, reveal that the logics of 'participation' and 'community' implicit in the findings were appropriate for local participants, but non-participating regional council stakeholders read the findings with different logics, and therefore the evaluation failed to communicate the necessity for wider change. The reflections highlight a previously unrecognised evaluation bottleneck. While the CEM evaluation methodology has the potential to be adapted for other contexts, if wider organisational change is required, care must be taken to anticipate the different institutional logics of stakeholders who might be unfamiliar with, or even hostile to, CEM. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Community environmental management (CEM) involves the facilitation of community partnerships, local dialogue, consultation and participative decision-making. This is increasingly seen as a solution to some of the more complex environmental issues faced by regulatory authorities. Anecdotal evidence suggests that CEM programmes have much potential, but the evaluation of them is problematic, and there is a need for more robust evidence of their effectiveness. This paper reports on the development of a new CEM evaluation approach (inspired by soft systems methodology, developmental work research and systemic intervention), which was trialled with a New Zealand regional council. The approach shows promise in addressing common evaluation bottlenecks and helping stakeholders to develop causal narratives that more fully account for the complex relationship between community participation and environmental outcomes. However, while the local participants in the CEM initiative acted on the evaluation findings, they hoped that it would stimulate wider organisational change, and this did not happen. Project reflections, informed by institutional theory, reveal that the logics of 'participation' and 'community' implicit in the findings were appropriate for local participants, but non-participating regional council stakeholders read the findings with different logics, and therefore the evaluation failed to communicate the necessity for wider change. The reflections highlight a previously unrecognised evaluation bottleneck. While the CEM evaluation methodology has the potential to be adapted for other contexts, if wider organisational change is required, care must be taken to anticipate the different institutional logics of stakeholders who might be unfamiliar with, or even hostile to, CEM. 
•Community environmental management programmes are about community engagement.•The relationship between community engagement and environmental outcomes is complex.•A systemic evaluation methodology is presented to address this complexity.•Promising results from a trial with a regional council in New Zealand are discussed.•There is potential for adaptation to other contexts. Community environmental management (CEM) involves the facilitation of community partnerships, local dialogue, consultation and participative decision-making. This is increasingly seen as a solution to some of the more complex environmental issues faced by regulatory authorities. Anecdotal evidence suggests that CEM programmes have much potential, but the evaluation of them is problematic, and there is a need for more robust evidence of their effectiveness. This paper reports on the development of a new CEM evaluation approach (inspired by soft systems methodology, developmental work research and systemic intervention), which was trialled with a New Zealand regional council. The approach shows promise in addressing common evaluation bottlenecks and helping stakeholders to develop causal narratives that more fully account for the complex relationship between community participation and environmental outcomes. However, while the local participants in the CEM initiative acted on the evaluation findings, they hoped that it would stimulate wider organisational change, and this did not happen. Project reflections, informed by institutional theory, reveal that the logics of ‘participation’ and ‘community’ implicit in the findings were appropriate for local participants, but non-participating regional council stakeholders read the findings with different logics, and therefore the evaluation failed to communicate the necessity for wider change. The reflections highlight a previously unrecognised evaluation bottleneck. While the CEM evaluation methodology has the potential to be adapted for other contexts, if wider organisational change is required, care must be taken to anticipate the different institutional logics of stakeholders who might be unfamiliar with, or even hostile to, CEM.
Author Midgley, G.
Foote, J.
Earl-Goulet, J.
Ahuriri-Driscoll, A.
Hepi, M.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: J.
  surname: Foote
  fullname: Foote, J.
  email: jeff.foote@otago.ac.nz
  organization: Department of Management, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
– sequence: 2
  givenname: G.
  surname: Midgley
  fullname: Midgley, G.
  organization: Centre for Systems Studies, Faculty of Business, Law and Politics, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
– sequence: 3
  givenname: A.
  surname: Ahuriri-Driscoll
  fullname: Ahuriri-Driscoll, A.
  organization: School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
– sequence: 4
  givenname: M.
  surname: Hepi
  fullname: Hepi, M.
  organization: Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR), P.O. Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand
– sequence: 5
  givenname: J.
  surname: Earl-Goulet
  fullname: Earl-Goulet, J.
  organization: Environment Canterbury, P.O. Box 345, Christchurch, New Zealand
BackLink https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-98261$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index (Linnéuniversitetet)
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-50212$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index (Mälardalens högskola)
BookMark eNqNkE1LAzEQQIMoWKt_wNP-AHedybrZXfAifoPgwY9rSNNJTdkkJdlW-u_dWvHgoXgaBt4bhnfE9n3wxNgpQoGA4nxe0DzEggOHAqoCsN1jI2xqnotGwD4bQVnXOedYH7KjlOYAgBVWI3bzsk49OaszWqluqXobfBZMpoNzS2_7dUZ-ZWPwjnyvuswpr2a0WbJFDLOonKN0zA6M6hKd_Mwxe7u7fb1-yJ-e7x-vr55yfVG2fV5BbVAJNYH2QiNyYRo-KZFr4lRW5aSFpqzBCKNrDcPzArVpWiPQ6LbWZMoxO9veTZ-0WE7kIlqn4loGZeWNfb-SIc6km37ICjjy_-GdX8q24QIHnG9xHUNKkcyvgCA3leVcbirLTWUJlRwqD1LzR9K2_67YR2W73erlVqUh2cpSlElb8pqmNpLu5TTYXfoXg3uckw
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejdp_2022_100017
crossref_primary_10_1002_ieam_4847
crossref_primary_10_1002_sres_3096
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejor_2023_10_037
crossref_primary_10_3389_fenvs_2024_1356065
crossref_primary_10_1080_23322373_2025_2500909
crossref_primary_10_1002_ev_20457
crossref_primary_10_1038_s43247_025_02155_x
crossref_primary_10_1002_ev_20459
crossref_primary_10_1002_sres_3014
crossref_primary_10_1051_shsconf_20219202065
crossref_primary_10_1002_sres_2912
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejor_2020_11_045
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11213_024_09672_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejor_2023_01_045
crossref_primary_10_1108_JEC_03_2025_0071
crossref_primary_10_1017_jmo_2021_45
crossref_primary_10_1080_01605682_2025_2537279
crossref_primary_10_1002_sres_2819
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.ejor.2016.02.044
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601331
10.1177/1356389010370251
10.5751/ES-09126-220214
10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00065-1
10.1016/j.biocon.2008.07.014
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2007.01.002
10.1016/j.ejor.2013.04.035
10.1525/cse.2017.000513
10.1002/sd.218
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600912
10.1177/030802260006300305
10.1177/1098214008325023
10.1023/A:1009515404417
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.032
10.1002/sres.3850050108
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.040
10.1016/j.ejor.2013.01.047
10.1177/1356389006064176
10.1080/03081070108960713
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.05.030
10.1007/BF02169216
10.1080/01969728908902205
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.024
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602281
10.1177/1356389007084674
10.1007/BF01059938
10.1177/109019810002700308
10.1007/BF02557850
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600531
10.1177/135638909600200106
10.1177/1476750314558428
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2009.03.003
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.12.006
10.1023/A:1009519505326
10.1177/1098214010371972
10.1007/s00267-008-9123-5
10.1023/A:1009523606235
10.1016/j.ejor.2018.03.004
10.1057/jors.2012.88
10.1126/science.359.6381.1206
10.1080/09644010701419121
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602147
10.1177/109821409401500109
10.1016/j.ejor.2012.11.020
10.1007/BF01060046
10.1080/089419200750035575
10.1177/1098214016676573
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2017.12.001
10.1002/sres.827
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602538
10.1007/BF02169366
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.007
10.1006/jema.1997.0017
10.1038/scientificamerican1148-14
10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.01.002
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.04.012
10.1080/08941920601161338
10.1016/0305-0483(87)90003-X
10.1057/jors.1992.3
10.1057/jors.2010.31
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.08.014
10.1002/fee.1251
10.1016/j.envsci.2017.01.008
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.01.006
10.1023/A:1022469607464
10.1007/s11213-006-9060-2
10.1016/j.agsy.2017.04.002
10.1080/09640560120046070
10.5751/ES-08804-210409
10.1111/j.1467-8489.2011.00554.x
10.1080/13549839.2015.1127218
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2013.12.001
10.1177/1356389005059382
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.12.002
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602118
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602248
10.1002/ev.276
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602081
10.1057/jors.2010.76
10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602093
10.1177/13563890022209208
10.1002/sres.2351
10.1006/jema.2001.0493
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2008.09.007
10.1057/jors.1988.126
10.1080/089419200279243
10.1111/j.1475-3995.2000.tb00224.x
10.1007/BF00148991
10.1080/13639080020028747
10.1016/j.indmarman.2016.08.008
10.1002/sres.1120
10.1002/smj.507
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.02.022
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2007.12.001
10.1023/A:1009567421256
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.08.004
10.1007/BF01059480
10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.11.005
10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.057
10.1007/s11747-007-0069-6
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.025
10.1002/sres.2423
10.1080/001401300409143
10.1177/1356389018765487
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.07.053
10.1002/sres.2205
10.1023/A:1009527707143
10.1007/s11213-006-9058-9
10.1177/1350507601324003
10.1177/1098214011411574
10.1007/s11213-006-9059-8
10.1016/j.ejor.2019.10.044
10.1057/ejis.1995.10
10.1007/BF02557900
10.1006/jema.2001.0478
10.1057/jors.1984.101
10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.056
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.03.018
10.1016/j.ejor.2013.06.033
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2020 Elsevier B.V.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
ADTPV
AOWAS
D92
DF7
DOI 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019
DatabaseName CrossRef
SwePub
SwePub Articles
SWEPUB Linnéuniversitetet
SWEPUB Mälardalens högskola
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList


DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
Computer Science
Business
EISSN 1872-6860
EndPage 224
ExternalDocumentID oai_DiVA_org_mdh_50212
oai_DiVA_org_lnu_98261
10_1016_j_ejor_2020_05_019
S0377221720304471
GroupedDBID --K
--M
-~X
.DC
.~1
0R~
1B1
1RT
1~.
1~5
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5VS
6OB
7-5
71M
8P~
9JN
9JO
AAAKF
AABNK
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AARIN
AAXUO
AAYFN
ABAOU
ABBOA
ABFNM
ABFRF
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABUCO
ABYKQ
ACAZW
ACDAQ
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACIWK
ACNCT
ACRLP
ACZNC
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADGUI
AEBSH
AEFWE
AEKER
AENEX
AFKWA
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AHZHX
AIALX
AIEXJ
AIGVJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJOXV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
AOUOD
APLSM
ARUGR
AXJTR
BKOJK
BKOMP
BLXMC
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFLBG
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F5P
FDB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-Q
GBLVA
GBOLZ
HAMUX
IHE
J1W
KOM
LY1
M41
MHUIS
MO0
MS~
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
PQQKQ
Q38
ROL
RPZ
RXW
SCC
SDF
SDG
SDP
SDS
SES
SPC
SPCBC
SSB
SSD
SSV
SSW
SSZ
T5K
TAE
TN5
U5U
XPP
ZMT
~02
~G-
1OL
29G
41~
9DU
AAAKG
AAQXK
AATTM
AAXKI
AAYWO
AAYXX
ABWVN
ABXDB
ACLOT
ACNNM
ACRPL
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADIYS
ADJOM
ADMUD
ADNMO
ADXHL
AEIPS
AEUPX
AFFNX
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AGQPQ
AI.
AIGII
AIIUN
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ANKPU
APXCP
ASPBG
AVWKF
AZFZN
CITATION
EFKBS
EJD
FEDTE
FGOYB
HVGLF
HZ~
R2-
SEW
VH1
WUQ
~HD
ADTPV
AOWAS
D92
DF7
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-507f1a6ab094c1126f82b312ce2e353b908370f6fc7c018761cf89f61fc97cef3
ISICitedReferencesCount 20
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000564504000015&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0377-2217
1872-6860
IngestDate Tue Nov 04 16:16:35 EST 2025
Tue Nov 04 16:43:56 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:17:09 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:28:25 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:47:59 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Keywords Systemic evaluation
Community environmental management
Problem structuring methods
Community operational research
Systems thinking
Language English
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c439t-507f1a6ab094c1126f82b312ce2e353b908370f6fc7c018761cf89f61fc97cef3
PageCount 18
ParticipantIDs swepub_primary_oai_DiVA_org_mdh_50212
swepub_primary_oai_DiVA_org_lnu_98261
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejor_2020_05_019
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_ejor_2020_05_019
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_ejor_2020_05_019
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2021-01-01
2021-01-00
2021
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-01-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 01
  year: 2021
  text: 2021-01-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle European journal of operational research
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Zanetell, Knuth (bib0175) 2004; 32
Rodríguez-Campos (bib0147) 2012; 35
Winstanley, Ahuriri-Driscoll, Hepi, Baker, Foote (bib0174) 2016; 21
Midgley, Pinzón (bib0119) 2011; 62
Cohen, Midgley (bib0016e) 1994
Ife, Tesoriero (bib0073) 2006
Patton (bib0138) 2010
Gregory (bib0016k) 1994
Midgley (bib0016v) 1996
Engeström (bib0035) 2000; 43
Alexander, Andrachuk, Armitage (bib0001) 2016; 14
(bib0043) 1991
Midgley (bib0016t) 1990; 12
Midgley (bib0110) 2006
Midgley, Ochoa-Arias (bib0118) 2004
Jackson (bib0079) 1991
Kirk (bib0091) 2017; 1
Johnson, Midgley, Chichirau (bib0085) 2018; 268
Curtis, Lockwood (bib0027a) 2000; 13
Mingers (bib0016q) 2000; 7
Buchy, Race (bib0012) 2001; 44
Mingers (bib0127) 1984; 11
Harmsworth, Awatere, Robb (bib0060) 2016; 21
Astbury, Leeuw (bib0016a) 2010; 31
Chouinard, Milley (bib0022) 2018; 67
Rogers (bib0148) 2008; 14
Durie (bib0032) 1998
Cooperrider, Srivastva (bib0025) 1987
Hepi, Foote, Marino, Rogers, Taimona (bib0066) 2007; 2
Mingers, Gill (bib0128) 1997
Morrison, Oczkowski, Greig (bib0132) 2011; 55
Taylor-Powell, Boyd (bib0163) 2008; 120
Morgan, Fa'aui (bib0131) 2018; 268
Ulrich (bib0166) 1994
(bib0044) 1996
Córdoba, Midgley (bib0016g) 2006; 57
Bellamy, Walker, McDonald, Syme (bib0004) 2001; 63
Brocklesby, Beall (bib0010) 2018; 268
Tan, Watson, Wei (bib0162) 1995; 4
Weiner (bib0170) 1948
Shen, Midgley (bib0155) 2007; 20
Ufua, Papadopoulos, Midgley (bib0017b) 2018; 268
Gysen, Bruyninckx, Bachus (bib0059) 2006; 12
Durie (bib0033) 2001
Midgley (bib0016x) 2016
Memon, Perkins (bib0103) 2000
Wilson (bib0173) 2001
Boyd, Geerling, Gregory, Kagan, Midgley, Murray (bib0007) 2007; 58
Ulrich (bib0165) 1993; 6
Ministry for the Environment (bib0129) 2009
Pawson, R., Greenhalgh, T., & Harvey, G. (2004). Realist synthesis: An introduction. ESRC Research Methods Programme, University of Manchester RMP Methods Paper 2/2004, pp. 7–8. URL (accessed May 2011)
Fielden, Rusch, Masinda, Sands, Frankish, Evoy (bib0041) 2007; 30
Foote, Scholes, Capper, Hill, Wilson (bib0046) 2009
Gregory (bib0055) 1992
Engeström (bib0038) 2015
Kajamaa (bib0087) 2008
Te Puni Kōkiri (bib0092) 2006
Hickey, Mohan (bib0068) 2004
(bib0150) 2001
Kotiadis, Mingers (bib0016p) 2006; 57
Keys (bib0090) 1988; 5
Checkland (bib0017) 1981
Thornton, Ocasio, Lounsbury (bib0164) 2012
Mingers (bib0126) 1980; 7
Smith (bib0157) 1999
Patton (bib0137) 2006; 13
Jackson (bib0081) 2003
Jackson (bib0083) 2019
Midgley, Reynolds (bib0120) 2001
Paz-Ybarnegaray, Douthwaite (bib0140) 2017; 38
Seyfang, Smith (bib0153) 2007; 16
Hassenforder, Smajgl, Ward (bib0061) 2015; 157
Helfgott (bib0063) 2018; 268
Gregory, Romm (bib0057) 2001; 32
Hepi, Foote (bib0064) 2013
Strauss, Corbin (bib0160) 1990
Gomes, Hermans, Thissen (bib0049) 2018; 268
Henao, Franco (bib0016h) 2016; 253
Reed (bib0143) 2008; 141
Midgley, Nicholson, Brennan (bib0116) 2017; 62
Head, Xiang (bib0062) 2016; 154
Kellert, Mehta, Ebbin, Lichtenfeld (bib0089) 2000; 13
Cabrera, Colosi, Lobdell (bib01016) 2008; 31
Midgley, Reynolds (bib0121) 2002
Gregory (bib0016l) 2000; 6
Martin (bib0097) 1991; 15
Brousselle, Buregeya (bib0011) 2018; 24
Hume (bib0071) 1748
Brauer (bib0008) 2018; 268
Morell (bib0130) 2010
Bishop (bib0005) 1996
Checkland, Winter (bib0021) 2006; 57
Murthy (bib0134) 1994; 7
Hume (bib0070) 1739
Spash (bib0159) 1997; 50
Jackson (bib0076) 1987; 15
Burns (bib0013) 2018; 268
Environment Canterbury (bib0040) 2009
Jackson (bib0082) 2006; 57
Robins, Burt, Bracken, Boardman, Thompson (bib0146) 2017; 71
Foote, Gregor, Hepi, Baker, Houston, Midgley (bib0047) 2007; 58
Matthews (bib0098) 2004
Taket, White (bib0161) 2000
Matunga (bib0099) 2000
Boyd, Brown, Midgley (bib0006) 2004
Cooke, Kothari (bib0024) 2001
Checkland (bib0018) 2001
Midgley (bib0105) 1992; 5
(bib0017a) 1997
Midgley (bib0107) 1997; 10
Cabrera, Cabrera, Powers (bib0015) 2015; 32
Dunkley, Franklin (bib0031) 2017; 60
Gregory (bib0056) 1996; 9
Baur, van Elteren, Nierse, Abma (bib0003) 2010; 16
Córdoba, Midgley (bib0026) 2003
Environment Canterbury (bib0039) 2005
Gregory, Jackson (bib0053) 1992; 5
Jackson (bib0077) 1987
Checkland, Poulter (bib0019) 2006
Vargo, Lusch (bib0167) 2008; 36
Conway, Tunks, Henwood, Casswell (bib0023) 2000; 27
Gregory, Jackson (bib0052) 1992; 43
Guba, Lincoln (bib0016f) 1989
Mayne (bib0100) 2011
Engeström (bib0036) 2001; 14
Midgley, Shen (bib0124) 2007; 20
Gregory, Midgley (bib0054) 2000; 51
Midgley (bib0106) 1997; 10
Jackson (bib0080) 2000
Midgley, Reynolds (bib0122) 2004
Laursen, Salter (bib0093) 2006; 27
Johnson, Midgley, Wright, Chichirau (bib0086) 2018; 268
New Zealand Association of Resource Management (bib0135) 2002
Gu, Zhu (bib0058) 2000; 13
Cox (bib0028) 2000; 63
Munro, Mingers (bib0016r) 2002; 53
Jackson (bib0075) 1987; 2
Dyer, Stringer, Dougill, Leventon, Nshimbi, Chama (bib0034) 2014; 137
Midgley (bib0016u) 1996; 2
Zhu (bib0176) 2000; 13
Wang (bib0169) 2000; 13
Popper (bib0142) 1972
Midgley, Johnson, Chichirau (bib0114) 2018; 268
Smits, Champagne (bib0158) 2008; 29
Midgley, Wilby (bib0016n) 2000; 13
McCallum, Hughey, Rixecker (bib0101) 2007; 20
Checkland, Scholes (bib0020) 1990
Munro (bib0133) 1999; 12
Li, Zhu (bib0095) 2014; 232
Chen (bib0016d) 1994; 15
Hermans, Naber, Enserink (bib0067) 2012; 35
Parkinson (bib0136) 2009; 32
Konsti-Laakso, Rantala (bib0016o) 2018; 268
Bateson (bib0002) 1979
Bressers, Gerrits (bib0009) 2015; 32
Bowers (bib0016c) 2011; 28
Shen, Midgley (bib0156) 2015; 13
Midgley (bib0109) 2001; 30
Forrester (bib0048) 1971; 2
Jackson (bib0074) 1982; 9
Midgley, Reynolds (bib0123) 2004; 12
Flood (bib0042) 1990
Lennie (bib0094) 2005; 11
Romm (bib0149) 2018; 268
Zhu (bib0017c) 2011; 62
Midgley (bib0016s) 1989; 20
Weiss (bib0171) 1973; 1
Douthwaite, Hoffecker (bib0030) 2017; 155
Midgley, Ochoa-Arias (bib0117) 2004
Pinzon-Salcedo, Torres-Cuello (bib0141) 2018; 268
Sager, Andereggen (bib0151) 2012; 33
Midgley, Ahuriri-Driscoll, Baker, Foote, Hepi, Taimona (bib0111) 2007; 24
Midgley, Munlo, Brown (bib0115) 1998; 49
Cousins, Goh, Elliot, Aubry, Gilbert (bib0027) 2014; 44
Bina (bib0016b) 2008; 42
Kapoor (bib0088) 2001; 63
Cradock-Henry, Greenhalgh, Brown, Sinner (bib0029) 2017; 22
Engeström (bib0037) 2005
Margoluis, Stem, Salafsky, Brown (bib0096) 2009; 32
Hjortsø (bib0069) 2004; 152
Jackson, Keys (bib0084) 1984; 35
Ferreira (bib0016i) 2013; 64
Gregory, Atkins, Burdon, Elliott (bib0050) 2013; 227
SEPA (bib0152) 2009
Midgley (bib0108) 2000
Midgley (bib0104) 1989
Franco (bib0016j) 2013; 231
Virkkunen (bib0168) 2013
Midgley, Munlo, Brown (bib0016y) 1997
(bib0145) 1994
Midgley, Gu, Campbell (bib0113) 2000; 13
(bib0016z) 1996
Midgley, Cavana, Brocklesby, Foote, Ahuriri-Driscoll, Wood (bib0112) 2013; 229
Loseke (bib0020y) 1999
Reynolds, Gates, Hummelbrunner, Marra, Williams (bib0144) 2016; 33
Jackson (bib0078) 1988; 39
Mingers, Brocklesby (bib0125) 1996; 18
Shen, Midgley (bib0154) 2007; 20
Pollack (bib0016w) 2009; 60
Cabrera, Cabrera (bib0014) 2015
Hvistendahl (bib0072) 2018; 359
Gregory, Atkins, Midgley, Hodgson (bib0051) 2020; 283
Cox (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0028) 2000; 63
Kajamaa (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0087) 2008
Popper (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0142) 1972
Matunga (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0099) 2000
Seyfang (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0153) 2007; 16
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0113) 2000; 13
Paz-Ybarnegaray (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0140) 2017; 38
Spash (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0159) 1997; 50
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0120) 2001
Fielden (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0041) 2007; 30
Ulrich (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0165) 1993; 6
Hvistendahl (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0072) 2018; 359
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0077) 1987
Thornton (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0164) 2012
Checkland (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0021) 2006; 57
Zhu (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0176) 2000; 13
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0115) 1998; 49
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0119) 2011; 62
Kotiadis (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016p) 2006; 57
Checkland (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0019) 2006
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0124) 2007; 20
Margoluis (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0096) 2009; 32
Te Puni Kōkiri (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0092) 2006
Romm (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0149) 2018; 268
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016l) 2000; 6
Li (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0095) 2014; 232
(10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016z) 1996
Morell (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0130) 2010
Mingers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0125) 1996; 18
Engeström (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0038) 2015
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0056) 1996; 9
Shen (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0155) 2007; 20
Kellert (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0089) 2000; 13
Flood (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0042) 1990
Chen (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016d) 1994; 15
10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0139
Smits (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0158) 2008; 29
Checkland (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017) 1981
(10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017a) 1997
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0080) 2000
Weiss (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0171) 1973; 1
Durie (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0032) 1998
Hepi (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0064) 2013
(10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0145) 1994
McCallum (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0101) 2007; 20
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0118) 2004
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0104) 1989
Cooke (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0024) 2001
Gu (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0058) 2000; 13
SEPA (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0152) 2009
Mingers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0126) 1980; 7
Helfgott (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0063) 2018; 268
Henao (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016h) 2016; 253
Engeström (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0035) 2000; 43
Mingers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0127) 1984; 11
Memon (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0103) 2000
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0117) 2004
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0112) 2013; 229
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0106) 1997; 10
Wilson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0173) 2001
Cooperrider (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0025) 1987
Douthwaite (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0030) 2017; 155
Mayne (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0100) 2011
Pinzon-Salcedo (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0141) 2018; 268
Cabrera (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0014) 2015
Franco (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016j) 2013; 231
Gomes (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0049) 2018; 268
Checkland (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0020) 1990
Bowers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016c) 2011; 28
Brousselle (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0011) 2018; 24
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0111) 2007; 24
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0052) 1992; 43
Foote (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0046) 2009
Durie (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0033) 2001
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016n) 2000; 13
Bressers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0009) 2015; 32
Hassenforder (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0061) 2015; 157
Zanetell (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0175) 2004; 32
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0122) 2004
Cradock-Henry (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0029) 2017; 22
Brocklesby (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0010) 2018; 268
Bateson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0002) 1979
Murthy (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0134) 1994; 7
Morgan (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0131) 2018; 268
Harmsworth (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0060) 2016; 21
Cabrera (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib01016) 2008; 31
Laursen (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0093) 2006; 27
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016s) 1989; 20
Checkland (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0018) 2001
Mingers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016q) 2000; 7
Alexander (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0001) 2016; 14
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0107) 1997; 10
Robins (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0146) 2017; 71
Morrison (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0132) 2011; 55
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016y) 1997
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0121) 2002
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0084) 1984; 35
(10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0150) 2001
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0075) 1987; 2
Ulrich (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0166) 1994
Parkinson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0136) 2009; 32
Córdoba (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016g) 2006; 57
(10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0044) 1996
Cabrera (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0015) 2015; 32
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0110) 2006
Buchy (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0012) 2001; 44
Keys (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0090) 1988; 5
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0114) 2018; 268
Engeström (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0036) 2001; 14
Curtis (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0027a) 2000; 13
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016u) 1996; 2
Martin (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0097) 1991; 15
Dunkley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0031) 2017; 60
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0078) 1988; 39
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016t) 1990; 12
Johnson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0086) 2018; 268
Vargo (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0167) 2008; 36
Forrester (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0048) 1971; 2
Matthews (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0098) 2004
Reynolds (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0144) 2016; 33
Ferreira (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016i) 2013; 64
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0079) 1991
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016k) 1994
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0050) 2013; 227
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0051) 2020; 283
Brauer (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0008) 2018; 268
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016v) 1996
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0109) 2001; 30
Burns (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0013) 2018; 268
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0054) 2000; 51
Taket (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0161) 2000
Gysen (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0059) 2006; 12
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0108) 2000
Bellamy (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0004) 2001; 63
Patton (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0138) 2010
Boyd (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0006) 2004
Boyd (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0007) 2007; 58
Chouinard (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0022) 2018; 67
Guba (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016f) 1989
Kirk (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0091) 2017; 1
Munro (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016r) 2002; 53
Smith (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0157) 1999
Wang (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0169) 2000; 13
Hickey (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0068) 2004
Conway (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0023) 2000; 27
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016x) 2016
Hermans (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0067) 2012; 35
Pollack (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016w) 2009; 60
Kapoor (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0088) 2001; 63
Johnson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0085) 2018; 268
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0076) 1987; 15
Cohen (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016e) 1994
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0081) 2003
Environment Canterbury (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0039) 2005
Córdoba (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0026) 2003
Patton (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0137) 2006; 13
Shen (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0156) 2015; 13
Ufua (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017b) 2018; 268
Dyer (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0034) 2014; 137
Winstanley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0174) 2016; 21
Tan (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0162) 1995; 4
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0057) 2001; 32
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0074) 1982; 9
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0116) 2017; 62
Taylor-Powell (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0163) 2008; 120
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0083) 2019
Sager (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0151) 2012; 33
Baur (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0003) 2010; 16
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0123) 2004; 12
Zhu (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017c) 2011; 62
Strauss (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0160) 1990
Hume (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0071) 1748
Loseke (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0020y) 1999
Bishop (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0005) 1996
Ministry for the Environment (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0129) 2009
Midgley (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0105) 1992; 5
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0053) 1992; 5
Ife (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0073) 2006
Bina (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016b) 2008; 42
Foote (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0047) 2007; 58
Mingers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0128) 1997
Engeström (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0037) 2005
Environment Canterbury (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0040) 2009
Gregory (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0055) 1992
Konsti-Laakso (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016o) 2018; 268
Rogers (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0148) 2008; 14
Jackson (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0082) 2006; 57
Munro (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0133) 1999; 12
Rodríguez-Campos (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0147) 2012; 35
Hepi (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0066) 2007; 2
Cousins (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0027) 2014; 44
Weiner (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0170) 1948
Astbury (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016a) 2010; 31
Virkkunen (10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0168) 201
References_xml – year: 1991
  ident: bib0043
  publication-title: Critical systems thinking: Directed readings
– volume: 1
  start-page: 37
  year: 1973
  end-page: 45
  ident: bib0171
  article-title: Where politics and evaluation research meet
  publication-title: Evaluation
– volume: 63
  start-page: 115
  year: 2000
  end-page: 120
  ident: bib0028
  article-title: Using programme logic models in evaluation: A review of the literature and the spinal outreach team experience
  publication-title: British Journal of Occupational Therapy
– volume: 62
  start-page: 150
  year: 2017
  end-page: 159
  ident: bib0116
  article-title: Dealing with challenges to methodological pluralism: The paradigm problem, psychological resistance and cultural barriers
  publication-title: Industrial Marketing Management
– volume: 32
  start-page: 138
  year: 2009
  end-page: 147
  ident: bib0096
  article-title: Using conceptual models as a planning and evaluation tool in conservation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– volume: 32
  start-page: 793
  year: 2004
  end-page: 807
  ident: bib0175
  article-title: Participation rhetoric or community-based management reality? Influences on willingness to participate in a Venezuelan freshwater fishery
  publication-title: World Development
– volume: 42
  start-page: 717
  year: 2008
  end-page: 733
  ident: bib0016b
  article-title: Context and systems: Thinking more broadly about effectiveness in strategic environmental assessment in China
  publication-title: Environmental Management
– year: 1999
  ident: bib0020y
  article-title: Thinking about social problems: An introduction to constructionist perspectives
– year: 2013
  ident: bib0064
  article-title: Literature review on mātauranga māori and environmental decision making
– volume: 14
  start-page: 133
  year: 2001
  end-page: 156
  ident: bib0036
  article-title: Expansive learning at work: Toward an activity theoretical reconceptualization
  publication-title: Journal of Education and Work
– volume: 231
  start-page: 720
  year: 2013
  end-page: 733
  ident: bib0016j
  article-title: Rethinking soft OR interventions: Models as boundary objects
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 2001
  ident: bib0173
  article-title: Soft systems methodology: Conceptual model building and its contribution
– year: 1990
  ident: bib0042
  article-title: Liberating systems theory
– volume: 268
  start-page: 971
  year: 2018
  end-page: 983
  ident: bib0149
  article-title: Reflections on a multi-layered intervention in the South African public education system: Some ethical implications for community operational research
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 18
  start-page: 101
  year: 1996
  end-page: 131
  ident: bib0125
  article-title: Multimethodology: Towards a framework for critical pluralism
  publication-title: Systemist
– volume: 24
  start-page: 153
  year: 2018
  end-page: 168
  ident: bib0011
  article-title: Theory-based evaluations: Framing the existence of a new theory in evaluation and the rise of the 5th generation
  publication-title: Evaluation
– volume: 9
  start-page: 605
  year: 1996
  end-page: 625
  ident: bib0056
  article-title: Discordant pluralism: A new strategy for critical systems thinking
  publication-title: Systems Practice
– volume: 60
  start-page: 156
  year: 2009
  end-page: 167
  ident: bib0016w
  article-title: Multimethodology in series and parallel: Strategic planning using hard and soft OR
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 44
  start-page: 293
  year: 2001
  end-page: 308
  ident: bib0012
  article-title: The twists and turns of community participation in natural resource management in Australia: What is missing?
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
– volume: 9
  start-page: 17
  year: 1982
  end-page: 29
  ident: bib0074
  article-title: The nature of soft systems thinking: The work of Churchman, Ackoff and Checkland
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Systems Analysis
– year: 1948
  ident: bib0170
  article-title: Cybernetics
  publication-title: Scientific American
– volume: 63
  start-page: 407
  year: 2001
  end-page: 423
  ident: bib0004
  article-title: A systems approach to the evaluation of natural resource management initiatives
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
– volume: 2
  start-page: 67
  year: 1996
  end-page: 84
  ident: bib0016u
  article-title: Evaluating services for people with disabilities: A critical systems perspective
  publication-title: Evaluation
– year: 2005
  ident: bib0039
  article-title: Annual plan 2005-2006
– year: 2001
  ident: bib0024
  publication-title: Participation: The new tyranny?
– volume: 60
  start-page: 112
  year: 2017
  end-page: 122
  ident: bib0031
  article-title: Failing better: The stochastic art of evaluating community-led environmental action programs
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– year: 2001
  ident: bib0033
  article-title: Whaiora: Māori health development
– volume: 62
  start-page: 784
  year: 2011
  end-page: 798
  ident: bib0017c
  article-title: After paradigm: Why mixing-methodology theorising fails and how to make it work again
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 24
  start-page: 233
  year: 2007
  end-page: 247
  ident: bib0111
  article-title: Practitioner identity in systemic intervention: Reflections on the promotion of environmental health through Māori community development
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
– volume: 2
  start-page: 47
  year: 1987
  end-page: 73
  ident: bib0075
  article-title: Community operational research: Purposes, theory and practice
  publication-title: Dragon
– volume: 21
  start-page: 1171
  year: 2016
  end-page: 1184
  ident: bib0174
  article-title: Understanding the impact of democratic logics on participatory resource decision-making in New Zealand
  publication-title: Local Environment
– year: 2001
  ident: bib0150
  publication-title: Rational analysis for a problematic world revisited: Problem structuring methods for complexity, uncertainty and conflict
– year: 1998
  ident: bib0032
  article-title: Te mana, te kāwanatanga: The politics of māori self-determination
– year: 1994
  ident: bib0145
  publication-title: Community works: 26 case studies showing community operational research in action
– year: 1972
  ident: bib0142
  article-title: Objective knowledge
– volume: 35
  start-page: 427
  year: 2012
  end-page: 438
  ident: bib0067
  article-title: An approach to design long-term monitoring and evaluation frameworks in multi-actor systems—A case in water management
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– year: 2005
  ident: bib0037
  article-title: Developmental work research: Expanding activity theory in practice
– volume: 7
  start-page: 457
  year: 1994
  end-page: 463
  ident: bib0134
  article-title: Inquiry systems of upanishads
  publication-title: Systems Practice
– year: 2006
  ident: bib0073
  article-title: Community development: Community-based alternatives in an age of globalisation
– volume: 12
  start-page: 513
  year: 1999
  end-page: 532
  ident: bib0133
  article-title: Man-machine systems: People and technology in OR
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– volume: 32
  start-page: 453
  year: 2001
  end-page: 467
  ident: bib0057
  article-title: Critical facilitation: Learning through intervention in group processes
  publication-title: Management Learning
– year: 2006
  ident: bib0019
  article-title: Learning for action: A short definitive account of soft systems methodology and its use for practitioners, teachers and students
– volume: 268
  start-page: 761
  year: 2018
  end-page: 770
  ident: bib0086
  article-title: Community operational research: Innovations, internationalization and agenda-setting applications
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 2003
  ident: bib0026
  article-title: Addressing organisational and societal concerns: An application of critical systems thinking to information systems planning in Colombia
  publication-title: Critical reflections on information systems: A systemic approach
– volume: 6
  start-page: 179
  year: 2000
  end-page: 199
  ident: bib0016l
  article-title: Problematizing participation: A critical review of approaches to participation in evaluation theory
  publication-title: Evaluation
– volume: 253
  start-page: 681
  year: 2016
  end-page: 696
  ident: bib0016h
  article-title: Unpacking multimethodology: Impacts of a community development intervention
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 53
  start-page: 369
  year: 2002
  end-page: 378
  ident: bib0016r
  article-title: The use of multimethodology in practice - Results of a survey of practitioners
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– year: 1994
  ident: bib0016e
  publication-title: The North Humberside diversion from custody project for mentally disordered offenders: Research report
– volume: 12
  start-page: 95
  year: 2006
  end-page: 118
  ident: bib0059
  article-title: The modus narrandi: A methodology for evaluating effects of environmental policy
  publication-title: Evaluation
– year: 2001
  ident: bib0120
  article-title: Operational research and environmental management: A new agenda
– volume: 268
  start-page: 904
  year: 2018
  end-page: 917
  ident: bib0049
  article-title: Extending community operational research to address institutional aspects of societal problems: Experiences from peri-urban Bangladesh
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 1991
  ident: bib0079
  article-title: Systems methodology for the management sciences
– year: 1990
  ident: bib0160
  article-title: Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques
– year: 1989
  ident: bib0104
  article-title: Critical systems: The theory and practice of partitioning methodologies
  publication-title: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Systems Sciences, held
– year: 1996
  ident: bib0016z
  publication-title: Systems methodology II: Possibilities for cross-cultural learning and integration
– volume: 35
  start-page: 523
  year: 2012
  end-page: 528
  ident: bib0147
  article-title: Advances in collaborative evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– year: 1996
  ident: bib0005
  article-title: Collaborative research stories: Whakawhanaungatanga
– year: 2019
  ident: bib0083
  article-title: Critical systems thinking and the management of complexity
– volume: 268
  start-page: 852
  year: 2018
  end-page: 864
  ident: bib0063
  article-title: Operationalising systemic resilience
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 30
  start-page: 379
  year: 2001
  end-page: 409
  ident: bib0109
  article-title: Rethinking the unity of science
  publication-title: International Journal of General Systems
– volume: 13
  start-page: 3
  year: 2000
  end-page: 9
  ident: bib0016n
  article-title: Systems practice in China: New developments and cross-cultural collaborations
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– year: 2008
  ident: bib0087
  article-title: Evaluation in and for developmental work activity: Towards an activity theoretically oriented narrative evaluation approach
– volume: 32
  start-page: 534
  year: 2015
  end-page: 545
  ident: bib0015
  article-title: A unifying theory of systems thinking with psychosocial applications
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
– volume: 359
  start-page: 1206
  year: 2018
  end-page: 1209
  ident: bib0072
  article-title: Master planner
  publication-title: Science (New York, N.Y.)
– volume: 229
  start-page: 143
  year: 2013
  end-page: 154
  ident: bib0112
  article-title: Towards a new framework for evaluating systemic problem structuring methods
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 2012
  ident: bib0164
  article-title: The institutional logics perspective: A new approach to culture, structure and process
– volume: 12
  start-page: 108
  year: 1990
  end-page: 113
  ident: bib0016t
  article-title: Creative methodology design
  publication-title: Systemist
– reference: Pawson, R., Greenhalgh, T., & Harvey, G. (2004). Realist synthesis: An introduction. ESRC Research Methods Programme, University of Manchester RMP Methods Paper 2/2004, pp. 7–8. URL (accessed May 2011):
– year: 2000
  ident: bib0103
  article-title: Environmental planning and management: The broad context
  publication-title: Environmental planning and management in New Zealand
– volume: 11
  start-page: 390
  year: 2005
  end-page: 414
  ident: bib0094
  article-title: An evaluation capacity-building process for sustainable community IT initiatives: Empowering and disempowering impacts
  publication-title: Evaluation
– volume: 6
  start-page: 583
  year: 1993
  end-page: 611
  ident: bib0165
  article-title: Some difficulties of ecological thinking, considered from a critical systems perspective: A plea for critical holism
  publication-title: Systems Practice
– year: 2004
  ident: bib0117
  article-title: Community operational research: OR and systems thinking for community development
– volume: 58
  start-page: 1306
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1320
  ident: bib0007
  article-title: Systemic evaluation: A participative, multi-method approach
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 10
  start-page: 305
  year: 1997
  end-page: 319
  ident: bib0106
  article-title: Developing the methodology of TSI: From the oblique use of methods to creative design
  publication-title: Systems Practice
– volume: 5
  start-page: 65
  year: 1988
  end-page: 76
  ident: bib0090
  article-title: A methodology for methodology choice
  publication-title: Systems Research
– volume: 268
  start-page: 798
  year: 2018
  end-page: 808
  ident: bib0008
  article-title: Capturing the imprecision during an OR intervention: What is, what isn't and what should be
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 1999
  ident: bib0157
  article-title: Decolonizing methodologies: Research and indigenous peoples
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1
  year: 2008
  end-page: 10
  ident: bib0167
  article-title: Service-dominant logic: Continuing the evolution
  publication-title: Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science
– volume: 22
  start-page: 14
  year: 2017
  end-page: 30
  ident: bib0029
  article-title: Factors influencing successful collaboration for fresh-water management in Aotearoa, New Zealand
  publication-title: Ecology and Society
– year: 2015
  ident: bib0038
  article-title: Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research
– volume: 51
  start-page: 278
  year: 2000
  end-page: 290
  ident: bib0054
  article-title: Planning for disaster: Developing a multi-agency counselling service
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 28
  start-page: 537
  year: 2011
  end-page: 552
  ident: bib0016c
  article-title: Towards a framework for multiparadigm multimethodologies
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
– volume: 10
  start-page: 37
  year: 1997
  end-page: 57
  ident: bib0107
  article-title: Dealing with coercion: Critical systems heuristics and beyond
  publication-title: Systems Practice
– volume: 27
  start-page: 339
  year: 2000
  end-page: 350
  ident: bib0023
  article-title: Te whanau cadillac—A waka for change
  publication-title: Health Education & Behavior
– year: 2006
  ident: bib0110
  article-title: Systems thinking for evaluation
  publication-title: Systems concepts in evaluation: An expert anthology
– year: 1748
  ident: bib0071
  article-title: An enquiry concerning human understanding
– year: 2003
  ident: bib0081
  article-title: Systems thinking: Creative holism for managers
– volume: 12
  start-page: 56
  year: 2004
  end-page: 64
  ident: bib0123
  article-title: Systems/operational research and sustainable development: Towards a new agenda
  publication-title: Sustainable Development
– volume: 29
  start-page: 427
  year: 2008
  end-page: 442
  ident: bib0158
  article-title: An assessment of the theoretical underpinnings of practical participatory evaluation
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
– volume: 13
  start-page: 705
  year: 2000
  end-page: 715
  ident: bib0089
  article-title: Community natural resource management: Promise, rhetoric and reality
  publication-title: Society and Natural Resources
– volume: 64
  start-page: 873
  year: 2013
  end-page: 883
  ident: bib0016i
  article-title: Multimethodology in metaheuristics
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– year: 1994
  ident: bib0166
  article-title: Critical heuristics of social planning: A new approach to practical philosophy
– year: 1979
  ident: bib0002
  article-title: Mind and nature: A necessary unity
– volume: 21
  start-page: 9
  year: 2016
  ident: bib0060
  article-title: Indigenous Māori values and perspectives to inform freshwater management in Aotearoa-New Zealand
  publication-title: Ecology and Society
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 8
  ident: bib0091
  article-title: Collaborative planning in response to policy failure: The case of freshwater management in Canterbury, Aotearoa New Zealand
  publication-title: Case Studies in the Environment
– year: 2015
  ident: bib0014
  article-title: Systems thinking made simple: New hope for solving wicked problems
– volume: 14
  start-page: 155
  year: 2016
  end-page: 164
  ident: bib0001
  article-title: Navigating governance networks for community-based conservation
  publication-title: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
– volume: 15
  start-page: 79
  year: 1994
  end-page: 82
  ident: bib0016d
  article-title: Theory-driven evaluations: Need, difficulties, and options
  publication-title: Evaluation Practice
– year: 1987
  ident: bib0077
  article-title: New directions in management science
  publication-title: New directions in management science
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1435
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1441
  ident: bib0021
  article-title: Process and content: Two ways of using SSM
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 268
  start-page: 1134
  year: 2018
  end-page: 1148
  ident: bib0017b
  article-title: Systemic lean intervention: Enhancing lean with community operational research
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 31
  start-page: 363
  year: 2010
  end-page: 381
  ident: bib0016a
  article-title: Unpacking black boxes: mechanisms and theory building in evaluation
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
– volume: 63
  start-page: 269
  year: 2001
  end-page: 279
  ident: bib0088
  article-title: Towards participatory environmental management?
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
– volume: 15
  start-page: 773
  year: 1991
  end-page: 783
  ident: bib0097
  article-title: Environmental care in agricultural catchments: Toward the communicative catchment
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
– year: 1990
  ident: bib0020
  article-title: Soft systems methodology in action
– year: 1996
  ident: bib0016v
  article-title: The ideal of unity and the practice of pluralism in systems science
  publication-title: Critical systems thinking: Current research and practice
– year: 2000
  ident: bib0161
  article-title: Partnership and participation: Decision-making in the multiagency setting
– volume: 67
  start-page: 70
  year: 2018
  end-page: 78
  ident: bib0022
  article-title: Uncovering the mysteries of inclusion: Empirical and methodological possibilities in participatory evaluation in an international context
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– year: 1987
  ident: bib0025
  article-title: Appreciative inquiry in organizational life
  publication-title: Research in organizational change and development
– year: 2000
  ident: bib0108
  article-title: Systemic intervention: Philosophy, methodology, and practice
– volume: 2
  start-page: 109
  year: 1971
  end-page: 140
  ident: bib0048
  article-title: Counterintuitive behaviour of social systems
  publication-title: Theory and Decision
– volume: 32
  start-page: 50
  year: 2015
  end-page: 63
  ident: bib0009
  article-title: A complexity-informed approach to evaluating national knowledge and innovation programmes
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
– year: 2009
  ident: bib0040
  article-title: Community group and landowner support: The resource care team,
– volume: 43
  start-page: 960
  year: 2000
  end-page: 974
  ident: bib0035
  article-title: Activity theory as a framework for analysing and redesigning work
  publication-title: Ergonomics
– volume: 157
  start-page: 84
  year: 2015
  end-page: 95
  ident: bib0061
  article-title: Towards understanding participatory processes: Framework, application and results
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
– year: 2004
  ident: bib0006
  article-title: Systemic intervention for community OR: Developing services with young people (under 16) living on the streets
  publication-title: Community operational research: OR and systems thinking for community development
– volume: 13
  start-page: 11
  year: 2000
  end-page: 20
  ident: bib0058
  article-title: Knowing
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– year: 2002
  ident: bib0135
  article-title: Broadsheet: Newsletter of the New Zealand Association of Resource Management
– year: 2009
  ident: bib0046
  article-title: Towards a model of relational contracting for economic and environmental sustainability of strong wool
– volume: 33
  start-page: 60
  year: 2012
  end-page: 78
  ident: bib0151
  article-title: Dealing with complex causality in realist synthesis: The promise of qualitative comparative analysis
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
– year: 1997
  ident: bib0128
  article-title: Multimethodology: The theory and practice of combining management science methodologies
– year: 1996
  ident: bib0044
  publication-title: Critical systems thinking: Current research and practice
– year: 2004
  ident: bib0118
  article-title: An introduction to community OR
  publication-title: Community operational research: OR and systems thinking for community development
– volume: 4
  start-page: 82
  year: 1995
  end-page: 92
  ident: bib0162
  article-title: National culture and group support systems: Filtering communication to dampen power differentials
  publication-title: European Journal of Information Systems
– volume: 120
  start-page: 55
  year: 2008
  end-page: 69
  ident: bib0163
  article-title: Evaluation capacity building in complex organizations
  publication-title: New Directions for Evaluation
– year: 2000
  ident: bib0099
  article-title: Decolonising planning: The Treaty of Waitangi, the environment and a dual planning tradition
  publication-title: Environmental planning and management in New Zealand
– volume: 5
  start-page: 37
  year: 1992
  end-page: 60
  ident: bib0053
  article-title: Evaluating organizations: A systems and contingency approach
  publication-title: Systems Practice
– year: 2004
  ident: bib0068
  publication-title: Participation: From tyranny to transformation?
– volume: 20
  start-page: 323
  year: 2007
  end-page: 336
  ident: bib0101
  article-title: Community environmental management in New Zealand: Exploring the realities in the metaphor
  publication-title: Society and Natural Resources
– year: 2002
  ident: bib0121
  article-title: Operational research and environmental management: A new agenda
  publication-title: Systems thinking and practice in the knowledge age
– year: 2000
  ident: bib0080
  article-title: Systems approaches to management
– volume: 13
  start-page: 71
  year: 2000
  end-page: 96
  ident: bib0113
  article-title: Dealing with human relations in Chinese systems practice
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– volume: 16
  start-page: 584
  year: 2007
  end-page: 603
  ident: bib0153
  article-title: Grassroots innovations for sustainable development: Towards a new research and policy agenda
  publication-title: Environmental Politics
– volume: 20
  start-page: 211
  year: 2007
  end-page: 244
  ident: bib0155
  article-title: Toward a Buddhist systems methodology 3: An application in a Taiwanese non-governmental organization
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– volume: 27
  start-page: 131
  year: 2006
  end-page: 150
  ident: bib0093
  article-title: Open for innovation: The role of openness in explaining innovation performance among U.K. manufacturing firms
  publication-title: Strategic Management Journal
– volume: 16
  start-page: 233
  year: 2010
  end-page: 248
  ident: bib0003
  article-title: Dealing with distrust and power dynamics: Asymmetric relations amongst stakeholders in responsive evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation
– volume: 268
  start-page: 1178
  year: 2018
  end-page: 1191
  ident: bib0085
  article-title: Emerging trends and new frontiers in community operational research
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 1997
  ident: bib0016y
  article-title: Sharing power: Integrating user involvement and multi-agency working to improve housing for older people
– year: 2009
  ident: bib0129
  article-title: An everyday guide to the RMA: Getting in on the act
– volume: 2
  start-page: 37
  year: 2007
  end-page: 55
  ident: bib0066
  article-title: “Koe wai hoki koe?!”, or “Who are you?!”: Issues of trust in cross-cultural collaborative research
  publication-title: Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online
– volume: 7
  start-page: 673
  year: 2000
  end-page: 691
  ident: bib0016q
  article-title: Variety is the spice of life: Combining soft and hard OR/MS methods
  publication-title: International Transactions in Operational Research
– year: 2010
  ident: bib0130
  article-title: Evaluation in the face of uncertainty: Anticipating surprise and responding to the inevitable
– year: 2016
  ident: bib0016x
  article-title: Moving beyond value conflicts: Systemic problem structuring in action
  publication-title: Research Memorandum No. 96
– volume: 11
  start-page: 85
  year: 1984
  end-page: 103
  ident: bib0127
  article-title: Subjectivism and soft systems methodology—A critique
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Systems Analysis
– volume: 232
  start-page: 427
  year: 2014
  end-page: 434
  ident: bib0095
  article-title: Soft OR in China: A critical report
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 20
  start-page: 195
  year: 2007
  end-page: 210
  ident: bib0124
  article-title: Toward a Buddhist systems methodology 2: An exploratory, questioning approach
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– volume: 43
  start-page: 19
  year: 1992
  end-page: 28
  ident: bib0052
  article-title: Evaluation methodologies: A system for use
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 154
  start-page: 4
  year: 2016
  end-page: 7
  ident: bib0062
  article-title: Why is an APT approach to wicked problems important?
  publication-title: Landscape and Urban Planning
– volume: 14
  start-page: 29
  year: 2008
  end-page: 48
  ident: bib0148
  article-title: Using programme theory to evaluate complicated and complex aspects of interventions
  publication-title: Evaluation
– volume: 32
  start-page: 229
  year: 2009
  end-page: 237
  ident: bib0136
  article-title: Power and perceptions in participatory monitoring and evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– volume: 38
  start-page: 275
  year: 2017
  end-page: 293
  ident: bib0140
  article-title: Outcome evidencing: A method for enabling and evaluating program intervention in complex systems
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
– volume: 13
  start-page: 170
  year: 2015
  end-page: 193
  ident: bib0156
  article-title: Action research in a problem avoiding culture using a Buddhist systems methodology
  publication-title: Action Research
– year: 2004
  ident: bib0122
  article-title: Community and environmental OR: Towards a new agenda
  publication-title: Community operational research: OR and systems thinking for community development
– volume: 20
  start-page: 167
  year: 2007
  end-page: 194
  ident: bib0154
  article-title: Toward a Buddhist systems methodology 1: Comparisons between Buddhism and systems theory
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– volume: 33
  start-page: 662
  year: 2016
  end-page: 673
  ident: bib0144
  article-title: Towards systemic evaluation
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
– volume: 71
  start-page: 41
  year: 2017
  end-page: 55
  ident: bib0146
  article-title: Making water policy work in the United Kingdom: A case study of practical approaches to strengthening complex, multi-tiered systems of water governance
  publication-title: Environmental Science & Policy
– volume: 30
  start-page: 115
  year: 2007
  end-page: 124
  ident: bib0041
  article-title: Key considerations for logic model development in research partnerships: A Canadian case study
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– year: 1994
  ident: bib0016k
  article-title: Organisational evaluation: A complementarist approach
– volume: 268
  start-page: 865
  year: 2018
  end-page: 874
  ident: bib0013
  article-title: Deepening and scaling participatory research with the poorest and most marginalised
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 2010
  ident: bib0138
  article-title: Developmental evaluation: Applying complexity concepts to enhance innovation and use
– volume: 227
  start-page: 558
  year: 2013
  end-page: 569
  ident: bib0050
  article-title: A problem structuring method for ecosystem-based management: The DPSIR modelling process
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 2011
  ident: bib0100
  article-title: Addressing cause and effect in simple and complex settings through contribution analysis
  publication-title: Evaluating the complex: Attribution, contribution and beyond
– volume: 13
  start-page: 21
  year: 2000
  end-page: 57
  ident: bib0176
  article-title: Dealing with a differentiated whole: The philosophy of the WSR approach
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– volume: 13
  start-page: 111
  year: 2000
  end-page: 115
  ident: bib0169
  article-title: Meta-decision making: Concepts and paradigm
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
– volume: 152
  start-page: 667
  year: 2004
  end-page: 683
  ident: bib0069
  article-title: Enhancing public participation in natural resource management using soft OR - An application of strategic option development and analysis in tactical forest planning
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 13
  start-page: 61
  year: 2000
  end-page: 73
  ident: bib0027a
  article-title: Landcare and catchment management in Australia: Lessons for state-sponsored community participation
  publication-title: Society and Natural Resources
– volume: 62
  start-page: 1543
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1554
  ident: bib0119
  article-title: The implications of boundary critique for conflict prevention
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 268
  start-page: 771
  year: 2018
  end-page: 783
  ident: bib0114
  article-title: What is community operational research?
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 7
  start-page: 41
  year: 1980
  end-page: 50
  ident: bib0126
  article-title: Towards an appropriate social theory for applied systems thinking: Critical theory and soft systems methodology
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Systems Analysis
– volume: 39
  start-page: 715
  year: 1988
  end-page: 724
  ident: bib0078
  article-title: Some methodologies for community operational research
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 137
  start-page: 137
  year: 2014
  end-page: 145
  ident: bib0034
  article-title: Assessing participatory practices in community-based natural resource management: Experiences in community engagement from southern Africa
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
– year: 2013
  ident: bib0168
  article-title: The change laboratory: A tool for collaborative development of work and education
– volume: 141
  start-page: 2417
  year: 2008
  end-page: 2431
  ident: bib0143
  article-title: Stakeholder participation for environmental management: A literature review
  publication-title: Biological Conservation
– volume: 49
  start-page: 467
  year: 1998
  end-page: 478
  ident: bib0115
  article-title: The theory and practice of boundary critique: Developing housing services for older people
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– year: 2006
  ident: bib0092
  article-title: Te kotahitanga o te whakahaere rawa: Māori and council engagement under the resource management act 1991
– volume: 31
  start-page: 299
  year: 2008
  end-page: 310
  ident: bib01016
  article-title: Systems thinking
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– year: 1981
  ident: bib0017
  article-title: Systems thinking, systems practice
– year: 2001
  ident: bib0018
  article-title: Soft systems methodology
  publication-title: Rational analysis for a problematic world revisited
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1064
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1080
  ident: bib0016g
  article-title: Broadening the boundaries: An application of critical systems thinking to IS planning in Colombia
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 57
  start-page: 856
  year: 2006
  end-page: 867
  ident: bib0016p
  article-title: Combining PSMs with hard OR methods: The philosophical and practical challenges
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 13
  start-page: 28
  year: 2006
  end-page: 33
  ident: bib0137
  article-title: Evaluation for the way we work
  publication-title: Nonprofit Quarterly
– volume: 268
  start-page: 946
  year: 2018
  end-page: 959
  ident: bib0141
  article-title: Community operational research: Developing a systemic peace education programme involving urban and rural communities in Colombia
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 1997
  ident: bib0017a
  publication-title: The third UK/China/Japan workshop on systems methodology: Possibilities for cross-cultural learning and integration
– volume: 155
  start-page: 88
  year: 2017
  end-page: 102
  ident: bib0030
  article-title: Towards a complexity-aware theory of change for participatory research programs working within agricultural innovation systems
  publication-title: Agricultural Systems
– year: 2004
  ident: bib0098
  article-title: Rethinking systems thinking: Towards a postmodern understanding of the nature of systemic inquiry
– volume: 268
  start-page: 996
  year: 2018
  end-page: 1005
  ident: bib0010
  article-title: Processes of engagement and methodology design in community operational research: Insights from the indigenous peoples sector
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 5
  start-page: 147
  year: 1992
  end-page: 172
  ident: bib0105
  article-title: Pluralism and the legitimation of systems science
  publication-title: Systems Practice
– volume: 44
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  end-page: 13
  ident: bib0027
  article-title: Government and voluntary sector differences in organizational capacity to do and use evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
– year: 2009
  ident: bib0152
  article-title: Engineering in the water environment good practice guide: Riperian vegetation management
– volume: 35
  start-page: 473
  year: 1984
  end-page: 486
  ident: bib0084
  article-title: Towards a system of systems methodologies
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– year: 1992
  ident: bib0055
  article-title: Critical systems thinking and pluralism: A new constellation
– volume: 57
  start-page: 868
  year: 2006
  end-page: 878
  ident: bib0082
  article-title: Beyond problem structuring methods: Reinventing the future of OR/MS
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– volume: 20
  start-page: 119
  year: 1989
  end-page: 131
  ident: bib0016s
  article-title: Critical systems and the problem of pluralism
  publication-title: Cybernetics and Systems
– volume: 268
  start-page: 1040
  year: 2018
  end-page: 1049
  ident: bib0016o
  article-title: Managing community engagement: A process model for urban planning
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– year: 1739
  ident: bib0070
  article-title: A treatise of human nature
– volume: 283
  start-page: 321
  year: 2020
  end-page: 340
  ident: bib0051
  article-title: Stakeholder identification and engagement in problem structuring interventions
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 55
  start-page: 560
  year: 2011
  end-page: 578
  ident: bib0132
  article-title: The primacy of human capital and social capital in influencing landholders’ participation in programmes designed to improve environmental outcomes
  publication-title: Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
– volume: 58
  start-page: 645
  year: 2007
  end-page: 654
  ident: bib0047
  article-title: Systemic problem structuring applied to community involvement in water conservation
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
– year: 1989
  ident: bib0016f
  article-title: Fourth Generation Evaluation
– volume: 268
  start-page: 984
  year: 2018
  end-page: 995
  ident: bib0131
  article-title: Empowering indigenous voices in disaster response: Applying the mauri model to New Zealand's worst environmental maritime disaster
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
– volume: 15
  start-page: 455
  year: 1987
  end-page: 466
  ident: bib0076
  article-title: Present positions and future prospects in management science
  publication-title: Omega
– volume: 50
  start-page: 403
  year: 1997
  end-page: 416
  ident: bib0159
  article-title: Ethics and environmental attitudes with implications for economic valuation
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
– volume: 253
  start-page: 681
  issue: 3
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016h
  article-title: Unpacking multimethodology: Impacts of a community development intervention
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2016.02.044
– volume: 53
  start-page: 369
  issue: 4
  year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016r
  article-title: The use of multimethodology in practice - Results of a survey of practitioners
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2601331
– volume: 16
  start-page: 233
  issue: 3
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0003
  article-title: Dealing with distrust and power dynamics: Asymmetric relations amongst stakeholders in responsive evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1356389010370251
– volume: 22
  start-page: 14
  issue: 2
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0029
  article-title: Factors influencing successful collaboration for fresh-water management in Aotearoa, New Zealand
  publication-title: Ecology and Society
  doi: 10.5751/ES-09126-220214
– volume: 152
  start-page: 667
  issue: 3
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0069
  article-title: Enhancing public participation in natural resource management using soft OR - An application of strategic option development and analysis in tactical forest planning
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00065-1
– volume: 141
  start-page: 2417
  issue: 10
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0143
  article-title: Stakeholder participation for environmental management: A literature review
  publication-title: Biological Conservation
  doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2008.07.014
– volume: 30
  start-page: 115
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0041
  article-title: Key considerations for logic model development in research partnerships: A Canadian case study
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2007.01.002
– volume: 232
  start-page: 427
  issue: 3
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0095
  article-title: Soft OR in China: A critical report
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2013.04.035
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0091
  article-title: Collaborative planning in response to policy failure: The case of freshwater management in Canterbury, Aotearoa New Zealand
  publication-title: Case Studies in the Environment
  doi: 10.1525/cse.2017.000513
– volume: 12
  start-page: 56
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0123
  article-title: Systems/operational research and sustainable development: Towards a new agenda
  publication-title: Sustainable Development
  doi: 10.1002/sd.218
– volume: 51
  start-page: 278
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0054
  article-title: Planning for disaster: Developing a multi-agency counselling service
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600912
– year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0055
– volume: 63
  start-page: 115
  issue: 3
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0028
  article-title: Using programme logic models in evaluation: A review of the literature and the spinal outreach team experience
  publication-title: British Journal of Occupational Therapy
  doi: 10.1177/030802260006300305
– volume: 29
  start-page: 427
  issue: 4
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0158
  article-title: An assessment of the theoretical underpinnings of practical participatory evaluation
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1098214008325023
– volume: 13
  start-page: 3
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016n
  article-title: Systems practice in China: New developments and cross-cultural collaborations
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1023/A:1009515404417
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0173
– year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0020
– volume: 268
  start-page: 1178
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0085
  article-title: Emerging trends and new frontiers in community operational research
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.032
– year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0039
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0168
– volume: 5
  start-page: 65
  year: 1988
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0090
  article-title: A methodology for methodology choice
  publication-title: Systems Research
  doi: 10.1002/sres.3850050108
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0064
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0019
– volume: 268
  start-page: 946
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0141
  article-title: Community operational research: Developing a systemic peace education programme involving urban and rural communities in Colombia
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.040
– volume: 12
  start-page: 108
  year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016t
  article-title: Creative methodology design
  publication-title: Systemist
– volume: 1
  start-page: 37
  issue: 3
  year: 1973
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0171
  article-title: Where politics and evaluation research meet
  publication-title: Evaluation
– volume: 229
  start-page: 143
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0112
  article-title: Towards a new framework for evaluating systemic problem structuring methods
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2013.01.047
– volume: 12
  start-page: 95
  issue: 1
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0059
  article-title: The modus narrandi: A methodology for evaluating effects of environmental policy
  publication-title: Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1356389006064176
– volume: 30
  start-page: 379
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0109
  article-title: Rethinking the unity of science
  publication-title: International Journal of General Systems
  doi: 10.1080/03081070108960713
– year: 1991
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0079
– volume: 268
  start-page: 984
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0131
  article-title: Empowering indigenous voices in disaster response: Applying the mauri model to New Zealand's worst environmental maritime disaster
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.05.030
– year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0098
– year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0006
  article-title: Systemic intervention for community OR: Developing services with young people (under 16) living on the streets
– volume: 9
  start-page: 605
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0056
  article-title: Discordant pluralism: A new strategy for critical systems thinking
  publication-title: Systems Practice
  doi: 10.1007/BF02169216
– year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0135
– year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0077
  article-title: New directions in management science
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0099
  article-title: Decolonising planning: The Treaty of Waitangi, the environment and a dual planning tradition
– volume: 20
  start-page: 119
  year: 1989
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016s
  article-title: Critical systems and the problem of pluralism
  publication-title: Cybernetics and Systems
  doi: 10.1080/01969728908902205
– year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0166
– year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0081
– volume: 268
  start-page: 798
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0008
  article-title: Capturing the imprecision during an OR intervention: What is, what isn't and what should be
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.024
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0038
– year: 1972
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0142
– year: 1748
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0071
– volume: 58
  start-page: 1306
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0007
  article-title: Systemic evaluation: A participative, multi-method approach
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602281
– year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0032
– volume: 14
  start-page: 29
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0148
  article-title: Using programme theory to evaluate complicated and complex aspects of interventions
  publication-title: Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1356389007084674
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0014
– volume: 5
  start-page: 147
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0105
  article-title: Pluralism and the legitimation of systems science
  publication-title: Systems Practice
  doi: 10.1007/BF01059938
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0120
– volume: 27
  start-page: 339
  issue: 3
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0023
  article-title: Te whanau cadillac—A waka for change
  publication-title: Health Education & Behavior
  doi: 10.1177/109019810002700308
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0024
  publication-title: Participation: The new tyranny?
– volume: 11
  start-page: 85
  year: 1984
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0127
  article-title: Subjectivism and soft systems methodology—A critique
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Systems Analysis
– volume: 10
  start-page: 37
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0107
  article-title: Dealing with coercion: Critical systems heuristics and beyond
  publication-title: Systems Practice
  doi: 10.1007/BF02557850
– volume: 49
  start-page: 467
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0115
  article-title: The theory and practice of boundary critique: Developing housing services for older people
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2600531
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0152
– year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0145
– volume: 2
  start-page: 67
  issue: 1
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016u
  article-title: Evaluating services for people with disabilities: A critical systems perspective
  publication-title: Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/135638909600200106
– year: 1979
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0002
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0046
– volume: 2
  start-page: 37
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0066
  article-title: “Koe wai hoki koe?!”, or “Who are you?!”: Issues of trust in cross-cultural collaborative research
  publication-title: Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online
– volume: 13
  start-page: 28
  issue: 1
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0137
  article-title: Evaluation for the way we work
  publication-title: Nonprofit Quarterly
– volume: 13
  start-page: 170
  issue: 2
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0156
  article-title: Action research in a problem avoiding culture using a Buddhist systems methodology
  publication-title: Action Research
  doi: 10.1177/1476750314558428
– volume: 32
  start-page: 229
  issue: 3
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0136
  article-title: Power and perceptions in participatory monitoring and evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2009.03.003
– volume: 35
  start-page: 523
  issue: 4
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0147
  article-title: Advances in collaborative evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.12.006
– volume: 13
  start-page: 21
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0176
  article-title: Dealing with a differentiated whole: The philosophy of the WSR approach
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1023/A:1009519505326
– volume: 31
  start-page: 363
  issue: 3
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016a
  article-title: Unpacking black boxes: mechanisms and theory building in evaluation
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1098214010371972
– volume: 42
  start-page: 717
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016b
  article-title: Context and systems: Thinking more broadly about effectiveness in strategic environmental assessment in China
  publication-title: Environmental Management
  doi: 10.1007/s00267-008-9123-5
– volume: 13
  start-page: 71
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0113
  article-title: Dealing with human relations in Chinese systems practice
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1023/A:1009523606235
– volume: 268
  start-page: 761
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0086
  article-title: Community operational research: Innovations, internationalization and agenda-setting applications
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2018.03.004
– volume: 64
  start-page: 873
  issue: 6
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016i
  article-title: Multimethodology in metaheuristics
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/jors.2012.88
– year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0044
– volume: 359
  start-page: 1206
  issue: 6381
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0072
  article-title: Master planner
  publication-title: Science (New York, N.Y.)
  doi: 10.1126/science.359.6381.1206
– year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0122
  article-title: Community and environmental OR: Towards a new agenda
– volume: 2
  start-page: 47
  issue: 2
  year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0075
  article-title: Community operational research: Purposes, theory and practice
  publication-title: Dragon
– volume: 16
  start-page: 584
  issue: 4
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0153
  article-title: Grassroots innovations for sustainable development: Towards a new research and policy agenda
  publication-title: Environmental Politics
  doi: 10.1080/09644010701419121
– volume: 7
  start-page: 41
  year: 1980
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0126
  article-title: Towards an appropriate social theory for applied systems thinking: Critical theory and soft systems methodology
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Systems Analysis
– volume: 57
  start-page: 856
  issue: 7
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016p
  article-title: Combining PSMs with hard OR methods: The philosophical and practical challenges
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602147
– volume: 15
  start-page: 79
  issue: 1
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016d
  article-title: Theory-driven evaluations: Need, difficulties, and options
  publication-title: Evaluation Practice
  doi: 10.1177/109821409401500109
– volume: 227
  start-page: 558
  issue: 3
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0050
  article-title: A problem structuring method for ecosystem-based management: The DPSIR modelling process
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.11.020
– volume: 5
  start-page: 37
  issue: 1
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0053
  article-title: Evaluating organizations: A systems and contingency approach
  publication-title: Systems Practice
  doi: 10.1007/BF01060046
– year: 1981
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017
– volume: 13
  start-page: 705
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0089
  article-title: Community natural resource management: Promise, rhetoric and reality
  publication-title: Society and Natural Resources
  doi: 10.1080/089419200750035575
– volume: 38
  start-page: 275
  issue: 2
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0140
  article-title: Outcome evidencing: A method for enabling and evaluating program intervention in complex systems
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1098214016676573
– volume: 67
  start-page: 70
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0022
  article-title: Uncovering the mysteries of inclusion: Empirical and methodological possibilities in participatory evaluation in an international context
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2017.12.001
– volume: 24
  start-page: 233
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0111
  article-title: Practitioner identity in systemic intervention: Reflections on the promotion of environmental health through Māori community development
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
  doi: 10.1002/sres.827
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0018
  article-title: Soft systems methodology
– year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0005
– volume: 60
  start-page: 156
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016w
  article-title: Multimethodology in series and parallel: Strategic planning using hard and soft OR
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602538
– volume: 7
  start-page: 457
  issue: 4
  year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0134
  article-title: Inquiry systems of upanishads
  publication-title: Systems Practice
  doi: 10.1007/BF02169366
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0040
– volume: 268
  start-page: 904
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0049
  article-title: Extending community operational research to address institutional aspects of societal problems: Experiences from peri-urban Bangladesh
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.007
– volume: 50
  start-page: 403
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0159
  article-title: Ethics and environmental attitudes with implications for economic valuation
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
  doi: 10.1006/jema.1997.0017
– year: 1948
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0170
  article-title: Cybernetics
  publication-title: Scientific American
  doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican1148-14
– year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0037
– year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016e
– year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0025
  article-title: Appreciative inquiry in organizational life
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0110
  article-title: Systems thinking for evaluation
– year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0138
– year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0100
  article-title: Addressing cause and effect in simple and complex settings through contribution analysis
– volume: 32
  start-page: 793
  issue: 5
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0175
  article-title: Participation rhetoric or community-based management reality? Influences on willingness to participate in a Venezuelan freshwater fishery
  publication-title: World Development
  doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.01.002
– volume: 157
  start-page: 84
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0061
  article-title: Towards understanding participatory processes: Framework, application and results
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
  doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.04.012
– volume: 20
  start-page: 323
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0101
  article-title: Community environmental management in New Zealand: Exploring the realities in the metaphor
  publication-title: Society and Natural Resources
  doi: 10.1080/08941920601161338
– year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0068
  publication-title: Participation: From tyranny to transformation?
– volume: 15
  start-page: 455
  year: 1987
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0076
  article-title: Present positions and future prospects in management science
  publication-title: Omega
  doi: 10.1016/0305-0483(87)90003-X
– year: 1739
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0070
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0073
– volume: 43
  start-page: 19
  year: 1992
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0052
  article-title: Evaluation methodologies: A system for use
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/jors.1992.3
– year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0129
– volume: 62
  start-page: 784
  issue: 4
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017c
  article-title: After paradigm: Why mixing-methodology theorising fails and how to make it work again
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/jors.2010.31
– volume: 268
  start-page: 771
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0114
  article-title: What is community operational research?
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.08.014
– volume: 14
  start-page: 155
  issue: 3
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0001
  article-title: Navigating governance networks for community-based conservation
  publication-title: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
  doi: 10.1002/fee.1251
– year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016z
– volume: 71
  start-page: 41
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0146
  article-title: Making water policy work in the United Kingdom: A case study of practical approaches to strengthening complex, multi-tiered systems of water governance
  publication-title: Environmental Science & Policy
  doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2017.01.008
– volume: 35
  start-page: 427
  issue: 4
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0067
  article-title: An approach to design long-term monitoring and evaluation frameworks in multi-actor systems—A case in water management
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.01.006
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0083
– volume: 12
  start-page: 513
  year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0133
  article-title: Man-machine systems: People and technology in OR
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1023/A:1022469607464
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0161
– volume: 15
  start-page: 773
  issue: 6
  year: 1991
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0097
  article-title: Environmental care in agricultural catchments: Toward the communicative catchment
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
– year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0128
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0033
– year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017a
– year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0117
– year: 1989
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016f
– volume: 20
  start-page: 211
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0155
  article-title: Toward a Buddhist systems methodology 3: An application in a Taiwanese non-governmental organization
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1007/s11213-006-9060-2
– volume: 155
  start-page: 88
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0030
  article-title: Towards a complexity-aware theory of change for participatory research programs working within agricultural innovation systems
  publication-title: Agricultural Systems
  doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2017.04.002
– volume: 44
  start-page: 293
  issue: 3
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0012
  article-title: The twists and turns of community participation in natural resource management in Australia: What is missing?
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management
  doi: 10.1080/09640560120046070
– volume: 21
  start-page: 9
  issue: 4
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0060
  article-title: Indigenous Māori values and perspectives to inform freshwater management in Aotearoa-New Zealand
  publication-title: Ecology and Society
  doi: 10.5751/ES-08804-210409
– volume: 55
  start-page: 560
  issue: 4
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0132
  article-title: The primacy of human capital and social capital in influencing landholders’ participation in programmes designed to improve environmental outcomes
  publication-title: Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics
  doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8489.2011.00554.x
– volume: 21
  start-page: 1171
  issue: 10
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0174
  article-title: Understanding the impact of democratic logics on participatory resource decision-making in New Zealand
  publication-title: Local Environment
  doi: 10.1080/13549839.2015.1127218
– volume: 44
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0027
  article-title: Government and voluntary sector differences in organizational capacity to do and use evaluation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2013.12.001
– year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0026
  article-title: Addressing organisational and societal concerns: An application of critical systems thinking to information systems planning in Colombia
– volume: 11
  start-page: 390
  issue: 4
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0094
  article-title: An evaluation capacity-building process for sustainable community IT initiatives: Empowering and disempowering impacts
  publication-title: Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1356389005059382
– ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0139
– volume: 268
  start-page: 1040
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016o
  article-title: Managing community engagement: A process model for urban planning
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.12.002
– year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016k
– year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0164
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1435
  issue: 12
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0021
  article-title: Process and content: Two ways of using SSM
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602118
– volume: 58
  start-page: 645
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0047
  article-title: Systemic problem structuring applied to community involvement in water conservation
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602248
– volume: 120
  start-page: 55
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0163
  article-title: Evaluation capacity building in complex organizations
  publication-title: New Directions for Evaluation
  doi: 10.1002/ev.276
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1064
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016g
  article-title: Broadening the boundaries: An application of critical systems thinking to IS planning in Colombia
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602081
– volume: 62
  start-page: 1543
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0119
  article-title: The implications of boundary critique for conflict prevention
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/jors.2010.76
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0080
– volume: 57
  start-page: 868
  issue: 7
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0082
  article-title: Beyond problem structuring methods: Reinventing the future of OR/MS
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/palgrave.jors.2602093
– volume: 6
  start-page: 179
  issue: 2
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016l
  article-title: Problematizing participation: A critical review of approaches to participation in evaluation theory
  publication-title: Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/13563890022209208
– volume: 32
  start-page: 534
  issue: 5
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0015
  article-title: A unifying theory of systems thinking with psychosocial applications
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
  doi: 10.1002/sres.2351
– volume: 63
  start-page: 407
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0004
  article-title: A systems approach to the evaluation of natural resource management initiatives
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
  doi: 10.1006/jema.2001.0493
– volume: 32
  start-page: 138
  issue: 2
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0096
  article-title: Using conceptual models as a planning and evaluation tool in conservation
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2008.09.007
– volume: 39
  start-page: 715
  issue: 8
  year: 1988
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0078
  article-title: Some methodologies for community operational research
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/jors.1988.126
– volume: 13
  start-page: 61
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0027a
  article-title: Landcare and catchment management in Australia: Lessons for state-sponsored community participation
  publication-title: Society and Natural Resources
  doi: 10.1080/089419200279243
– volume: 7
  start-page: 673
  issue: 6
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016q
  article-title: Variety is the spice of life: Combining soft and hard OR/MS methods
  publication-title: International Transactions in Operational Research
  doi: 10.1111/j.1475-3995.2000.tb00224.x
– volume: 2
  start-page: 109
  year: 1971
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0048
  article-title: Counterintuitive behaviour of social systems
  publication-title: Theory and Decision
  doi: 10.1007/BF00148991
– year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0118
  article-title: An introduction to community OR
– year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0020y
– volume: 14
  start-page: 133
  issue: 1
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0036
  article-title: Expansive learning at work: Toward an activity theoretical reconceptualization
  publication-title: Journal of Education and Work
  doi: 10.1080/13639080020028747
– volume: 62
  start-page: 150
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0116
  article-title: Dealing with challenges to methodological pluralism: The paradigm problem, psychological resistance and cultural barriers
  publication-title: Industrial Marketing Management
  doi: 10.1016/j.indmarman.2016.08.008
– volume: 28
  start-page: 537
  issue: 5
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016c
  article-title: Towards a framework for multiparadigm multimethodologies
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
  doi: 10.1002/sres.1120
– year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0160
– volume: 9
  start-page: 17
  year: 1982
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0074
  article-title: The nature of soft systems thinking: The work of Churchman, Ackoff and Checkland
  publication-title: Journal of Applied Systems Analysis
– volume: 27
  start-page: 131
  issue: 2
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0093
  article-title: Open for innovation: The role of openness in explaining innovation performance among U.K. manufacturing firms
  publication-title: Strategic Management Journal
  doi: 10.1002/smj.507
– volume: 268
  start-page: 971
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0149
  article-title: Reflections on a multi-layered intervention in the South African public education system: Some ethical implications for community operational research
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.02.022
– year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016v
  article-title: The ideal of unity and the practice of pluralism in systems science
– year: 1989
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0104
  article-title: Critical systems: The theory and practice of partitioning methodologies
– volume: 31
  start-page: 299
  issue: 3
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib01016
  article-title: Systems thinking
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2007.12.001
– year: 1999
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0157
– volume: 13
  start-page: 11
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0058
  article-title: Knowing wuli, sensing shili, caring for renli: Methodology of the WSR approach
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1023/A:1009567421256
– volume: 268
  start-page: 1134
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0017b
  article-title: Systemic lean intervention: Enhancing lean with community operational research
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.08.004
– volume: 6
  start-page: 583
  year: 1993
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0165
  article-title: Some difficulties of ecological thinking, considered from a critical systems perspective: A plea for critical holism
  publication-title: Systems Practice
  doi: 10.1007/BF01059480
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0092
– year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0130
– volume: 60
  start-page: 112
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0031
  article-title: Failing better: The stochastic art of evaluating community-led environmental action programs
  publication-title: Evaluation and Program Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.11.005
– volume: 137
  start-page: 137
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0034
  article-title: Assessing participatory practices in community-based natural resource management: Experiences in community engagement from southern Africa
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
  doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.057
– volume: 18
  start-page: 101
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0125
  article-title: Multimethodology: Towards a framework for critical pluralism
  publication-title: Systemist
– volume: 36
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0167
  article-title: Service-dominant logic: Continuing the evolution
  publication-title: Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science
  doi: 10.1007/s11747-007-0069-6
– volume: 268
  start-page: 865
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0013
  article-title: Deepening and scaling participatory research with the poorest and most marginalised
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.025
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0108
– volume: 33
  start-page: 662
  issue: 5
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0144
  article-title: Towards systemic evaluation
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
  doi: 10.1002/sres.2423
– volume: 43
  start-page: 960
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0035
  article-title: Activity theory as a framework for analysing and redesigning work
  publication-title: Ergonomics
  doi: 10.1080/001401300409143
– volume: 24
  start-page: 153
  issue: 2
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0011
  article-title: Theory-based evaluations: Framing the existence of a new theory in evaluation and the rise of the 5th generation
  publication-title: Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1356389018765487
– year: 1991
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0043
– volume: 268
  start-page: 996
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0010
  article-title: Processes of engagement and methodology design in community operational research: Insights from the indigenous peoples sector
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.07.053
– volume: 32
  start-page: 50
  issue: 1
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0009
  article-title: A complexity-informed approach to evaluating national knowledge and innovation programmes
  publication-title: Systems Research and Behavioral Science
  doi: 10.1002/sres.2205
– year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016y
– volume: 13
  start-page: 111
  issue: 1
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0169
  article-title: Meta-decision making: Concepts and paradigm
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1023/A:1009527707143
– volume: 20
  start-page: 167
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0154
  article-title: Toward a Buddhist systems methodology 1: Comparisons between Buddhism and systems theory
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1007/s11213-006-9058-9
– volume: 32
  start-page: 453
  issue: 4
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0057
  article-title: Critical facilitation: Learning through intervention in group processes
  publication-title: Management Learning
  doi: 10.1177/1350507601324003
– volume: 33
  start-page: 60
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0151
  article-title: Dealing with complex causality in realist synthesis: The promise of qualitative comparative analysis
  publication-title: American Journal of Evaluation
  doi: 10.1177/1098214011411574
– year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0150
– volume: 20
  start-page: 195
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0124
  article-title: Toward a Buddhist systems methodology 2: An exploratory, questioning approach
  publication-title: Systemic Practice and Action Research
  doi: 10.1007/s11213-006-9059-8
– volume: 283
  start-page: 321
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0051
  article-title: Stakeholder identification and engagement in problem structuring interventions
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2019.10.044
– year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016x
  article-title: Moving beyond value conflicts: Systemic problem structuring in action
– year: 1990
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0042
– volume: 4
  start-page: 82
  issue: 2
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0162
  article-title: National culture and group support systems: Filtering communication to dampen power differentials
  publication-title: European Journal of Information Systems
  doi: 10.1057/ejis.1995.10
– year: 2002
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0121
  article-title: Operational research and environmental management: A new agenda
– volume: 10
  start-page: 305
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0106
  article-title: Developing the methodology of TSI: From the oblique use of methods to creative design
  publication-title: Systems Practice
  doi: 10.1007/BF02557900
– volume: 63
  start-page: 269
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0088
  article-title: Towards participatory environmental management?
  publication-title: Journal of Environmental Management
  doi: 10.1006/jema.2001.0478
– volume: 35
  start-page: 473
  year: 1984
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0084
  article-title: Towards a system of systems methodologies
  publication-title: Journal of the Operational Research Society
  doi: 10.1057/jors.1984.101
– volume: 268
  start-page: 852
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0063
  article-title: Operationalising systemic resilience
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.11.056
– volume: 154
  start-page: 4
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0062
  article-title: Why is an APT approach to wicked problems important?
  publication-title: Landscape and Urban Planning
  doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.03.018
– year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0087
– year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0103
  article-title: Environmental planning and management: The broad context
– volume: 231
  start-page: 720
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019_bib0016j
  article-title: Rethinking soft OR interventions: Models as boundary objects
  publication-title: European Journal of Operational Research
  doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2013.06.033
SSID ssj0001515
Score 2.4736352
Snippet •Community environmental management programmes are about community engagement.•The relationship between community engagement and environmental outcomes is...
Community environmental management (CEM) involves the facilitation of community partnerships, local dialogue, consultation and participative decision-making....
SourceID swepub
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Open Access Repository
Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 207
SubjectTerms Community environmental management
Community operational research
Informatik
Information Systems
Problem structuring methods
Systemic evaluation
Systems thinking
Title Systemic evaluation of community environmental management programmes
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2020.05.019
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-98261
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-50212
Volume 288
WOSCitedRecordID wos000564504000015&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1872-6860
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0001515
  issn: 0377-2217
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950105
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Nb9MwFLegQwgOfBQQg4FygBNylThp7Bwrug8mmDgM1JuVuPaaaiRV1qL9-TzHH0kZG-PAJaoiu6n8frHfe32_30PoHQRrKpNxjqWiCicxSzCDgTiURM5zKtJctJL5n-nJCZvNsq-2rPmibSdAq4pdXmar_2pquAfG1tTZfzC3_1K4AZ_B6HAFs8P1VoY3GuSl6Al529pxzQQBn7vHbdPUEV__4mq1HCfkT_l667vCjcZlEa1c0KI7z2rTcu945K1Zzs9sbvywzYF5mC02TdmUeApbjUZku1P5aUdy1dYafBn1cxOG6uzYWJRiQgwv0-20hLErkLL7pml9e2U_N6mF5Uguay3eSkIjs5p1p9eWTva0_D7hdXPGf8wXfKzV6--iHUIhaBqgncmn_dmxP6W1I9f-w2R_pw7MGSU4ZWloyVWmDvD3R1_rwPSVZlvv5PQJemTDimBi4PAU3ZHVEN13rIYheuy6dwR2Mx-ihz0pymdo6mATdLAJahV42ARbsAk62AQdbJ6jbwf7px-PsO2wgQU4omsMwYCK8jQvIMgXmkymGCniiAh4U-NxXGSh1kZSmg8mdPfGNBKKZSqNlMiokCp-gQZVXcmXKKCCJXCIE3Afw6SQEsIOGsdJPpcwLUmKXRS5ZePCys_rLijn3NUZLrleaq6XmodjDku9iz74OSsjvnLj6LGzBrfuo3ELOaDpxnnvjen8M7agdF5teAZBePSXcR5yr2457jV6oN8Zk8_bQ4N1s5Fv0D3xc11eNG8tXn8B426v0A
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Systemic+evaluation+of+community+environmental+management+programmes&rft.jtitle=European+journal+of+operational+research&rft.au=Foote%2C+J.&rft.au=Midgley%2C+Gerald&rft.au=Ahuriri-Driscoll%2C+A.&rft.au=Hepi%2C+M.&rft.date=2021&rft.issn=0377-2217&rft.volume=288&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.ejor.2020.05.019&rft.externalDocID=oai_DiVA_org_mdh_50212
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0377-2217&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0377-2217&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0377-2217&client=summon