Real-world survival and prognostic factors in WHO 2021 classified gliomas treated with chemo-radiotherapy

The 2021 WHO glioma classification integrates molecular profiling, but outcome data for these patients are limited. We retrospectively analyzed 179 patients (median age 53) with WHO 2021-classified gliomas (grade 2: n = 45, grade 3: n = 51, grade 4: n = 83) treated with surgery and radio(chemo)thera...

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Published in:Scientific reports Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 38011 - 15
Main Authors: Bilski, Mateusz, Noël, Georges, Smółka, Krzysztof, Kuncewicz, Katarzyna, Kuźnicki, Wojciech, Feuvret, Loic, Korab, Katarzyna, Peszyńska-Piorun, Magdalena, Korona, Paweł, Baranowska, Izabela, Suleja, Agata, Le Fevre, Clara, Schott, Roland, Somme, Laura, Chabli, Salma, Mesny, Emmanuel, Mastroleo, Federico, Kotecha, Rupesh, Jurkiewicz, Jakub, Fijuth, Jacek, Jereczek-Fossa, Barbara Alicja, Krystkiewicz, Kamil, Harat, Maciej, Kuncman, Łukasz
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 30.10.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
631/67
692/4028
Adult
Aged
Brain cancer
Brain Neoplasms - genetics
Brain Neoplasms - mortality
Brain Neoplasms - pathology
Brain Neoplasms - therapy
Cell number
Chemoradiotherapy - methods
Chemotherapy
Classification
Clinical outcomes
Female
France
Glioma
Glioma - classification
Glioma - genetics
Glioma - mortality
Glioma - pathology
Glioma - therapy
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase - genetics
Leukopenia
Lymphocytes
Male
Medical prognosis
Middle Aged
multidisciplinary
Mutation
Neoplasm Grading
Poland
Prognosis
Radiation therapy
Retrospective Studies
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Steroids
Survival
Survival analysis
Variables
World Health Organization
Young Adult
Poland
France
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The 2021 WHO glioma classification integrates molecular profiling, but outcome data for these patients are limited. We retrospectively analyzed 179 patients (median age 53) with WHO 2021-classified gliomas (grade 2: n = 45, grade 3: n = 51, grade 4: n = 83) treated with surgery and radio(chemo)therapy across four centers in Poland and France. Chemotherapy was administered to 74.9% of patients, with a median radiotherapy dose of 60 Gy (range 32.5–80 Gy). IDH1/2 mutations were identified in 55.3% and 1p/19q codeletion in 22.4%. Patients with IDH1/2 mutations had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS, 7.7 vs. 1.0 years) and overall survival (OS, 8.2 vs. 2.5 years), both p  < 0.01. 1p/19q codeletion was associated with prolonged PFS (7.7 vs. 1.6 years, p  < 0.01). In grade 3 gliomas, chemotherapy improved PFS (6.8 vs. 3.6 years) and OS (6.9 vs. 3.9 years), both p  < 0.01. Leukopenia grade 0–2 correlated with better PFS (3.6 vs. 1.2 years, p = 0.02) and OS (7.2 vs. 3.2 years, p  = 0.04). Absolute lymphocyte count ≤ 1 × 10 3 /mm 3 predicted worse OS (5.3 vs. 8.7 years, p  = 0.0043). CTV < 127 cm 3 predicted longer OS in grade 4 gliomas (3.2 vs. 1.7 years, p  = 0.012). Our findings provide new real-world evidence on survival and prognostic factors in this population, for which contemporary RWE and OS/PFS data remain scarce.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-21934-2