Shortened complex span tasks can reliably measure working memory capacity

Measures of working memory capacity (WMC), such as complex span tasks (e.g., operation span), have become some of the most frequently used tasks in cognitive psychology. However, due to the length of time it takes to complete these tasks many researchers trying to draw conclusions about WMC forgo pr...

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Vydáno v:	Memory & cognition Ročník 43; číslo 2; s. 226 - 236
Hlavní autoři:	Foster, Jeffrey L., Shipstead, Zach, Harrison, Tyler L., Hicks, Kenny L., Redick, Thomas S., Engle, Randall W.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Boston Springer US 01.02.2015 Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	Adolescent Adult Age differences Behavioral Science and Psychology Cognitive Psychology Complexity Experiments Female Fluid intelligence Humans Individuality Intelligence - physiology Male Mathematical problems Measurement Measures Memory Memory, Short-Term - physiology Neuropsychological Tests Programming languages Psychology Psychomotor Performance - physiology Researchers Short term memory Young Adult Intelligence Individual differences Working memory
ISSN:	0090-502X, 1532-5946, 1532-5946
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Abstract	Measures of working memory capacity (WMC), such as complex span tasks (e.g., operation span), have become some of the most frequently used tasks in cognitive psychology. However, due to the length of time it takes to complete these tasks many researchers trying to draw conclusions about WMC forgo properly administering multiple tasks. But can the complex span tasks be shortened to take less administration time? We address this question by splitting the tasks into three blocks of trials, and analyzing each block’s contribution to measuring WMC and predicting fluid intelligence (Gf). We found that all three blocks of trials contributed similarly to the tasks’ ability to measure WMC and Gf, and the tasks can therefore be substantially shortened without changing what they measure. In addition, we found that cutting the number of trials by 67 % in a battery of these tasks still accounted for 90 % of the variance in their measurement of Gf. We discuss our findings in light of administering the complex span tasks in a method that can maximize their accuracy in measuring WMC, while minimizing the time taken to administer.
AbstractList	Measures of working memory capacity (WMC), such as complex span tasks (e.g., operation span), have become some of the most frequently used tasks in cognitive psychology. However, due to the length of time it takes to complete these tasks many researchers trying to draw conclusions about WMC forgo properly administering multiple tasks. But can the complex span tasks be shortened to take less administration time? We address this question by splitting the tasks into three blocks of trials, and analyzing each block's contribution to measuring WMC and predicting fluid intelligence (Gf). We found that all three blocks of trials contributed similarly to the tasks' ability to measure WMC and Gf, and the tasks can therefore be substantially shortened without changing what they measure. In addition, we found that cutting the number of trials by 67 % in a battery of these tasks still accounted for 90 % of the variance in their measurement of Gf. We discuss our findings in light of administering the complex span tasks in a method that can maximize their accuracy in measuring WMC, while minimizing the time taken to administer. Measures of working memory capacity (WMC), such as complex span tasks (e.g., operation span), have become some of the most frequently used tasks in cognitive psychology. However, due to the length of time it takes to complete these tasks many researchers trying to draw conclusions about WMC forgo properly administering multiple tasks. But can the complex span tasks be shortened to take less administration time? We address this question by splitting the tasks into three blocks of trials, and analyzing each block's contribution to measuring WMC and predicting fluid intelligence (Gf). We found that all three blocks of trials contributed similarly to the tasks' ability to measure WMC and Gf, and the tasks can therefore be substantially shortened without changing what they measure. In addition, we found that cutting the number of trials by 67 % in a battery of these tasks still accounted for 90 % of the variance in their measurement of Gf. We discuss our findings in light of administering the complex span tasks in a method that can maximize their accuracy in measuring WMC, while minimizing the time taken to administer.Measures of working memory capacity (WMC), such as complex span tasks (e.g., operation span), have become some of the most frequently used tasks in cognitive psychology. However, due to the length of time it takes to complete these tasks many researchers trying to draw conclusions about WMC forgo properly administering multiple tasks. But can the complex span tasks be shortened to take less administration time? We address this question by splitting the tasks into three blocks of trials, and analyzing each block's contribution to measuring WMC and predicting fluid intelligence (Gf). We found that all three blocks of trials contributed similarly to the tasks' ability to measure WMC and Gf, and the tasks can therefore be substantially shortened without changing what they measure. In addition, we found that cutting the number of trials by 67 % in a battery of these tasks still accounted for 90 % of the variance in their measurement of Gf. We discuss our findings in light of administering the complex span tasks in a method that can maximize their accuracy in measuring WMC, while minimizing the time taken to administer.
Author	Foster, Jeffrey L. Shipstead, Zach Harrison, Tyler L. Hicks, Kenny L. Redick, Thomas S. Engle, Randall W.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Jeffrey L. surname: Foster fullname: Foster, Jeffrey L. email: Jeff.Foster@gatech.edu organization: Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Psychology – sequence: 2 givenname: Zach surname: Shipstead fullname: Shipstead, Zach organization: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University – sequence: 3 givenname: Tyler L. surname: Harrison fullname: Harrison, Tyler L. organization: Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Psychology – sequence: 4 givenname: Kenny L. surname: Hicks fullname: Hicks, Kenny L. organization: Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Psychology – sequence: 5 givenname: Thomas S. surname: Redick fullname: Redick, Thomas S. organization: Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University – sequence: 6 givenname: Randall W. surname: Engle fullname: Engle, Randall W. organization: Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Psychology
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25217113$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2014 Copyright Springer Science & Business Media Feb 2015
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SubjectTerms	Adolescent Adult Age differences Behavioral Science and Psychology Cognitive Psychology Complexity Experiments Female Fluid intelligence Humans Individuality Intelligence - physiology Male Mathematical problems Measurement Measures Memory Memory, Short-Term - physiology Neuropsychological Tests Programming languages Psychology Psychomotor Performance - physiology Researchers Short term memory Young Adult
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Title	Shortened complex span tasks can reliably measure working memory capacity
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