Selective alteration of human value decisions with medial frontal tDCS is predicted by changes in attractor dynamics

During value-based decision making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to support choices by tracking the expected gain from different outcomes via a competition-based process. Using a computational neurostimulation approach we asked how perturbing this region might alter this competi...

Celý popis

Uložené v:
Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:Scientific reports Ročník 6; číslo 1; s. 25160
Hlavní autori: Hämmerer, D., Bonaiuto, J., Klein-Flügge, M., Bikson, M., Bestmann, S.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: London Nature Publishing Group UK 05.05.2016
Nature Publishing Group
Predmet:
631/378/116/1925
631/378/1595/1396
631/477/2811
Adult
Choice Behavior
Cognition
Competition
Computational neuroscience
Decision making
Depolarization
Electrical stimulation of the brain
Electrodes
ESB
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Male
Models, Neurological
multidisciplinary
Prefrontal cortex
Prefrontal Cortex - physiology
Pyramidal cells
Science
Stochasticity
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Young Adult
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
On-line prístup:Získať plný text
Tagy: Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
Abstract During value-based decision making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to support choices by tracking the expected gain from different outcomes via a competition-based process. Using a computational neurostimulation approach we asked how perturbing this region might alter this competition and resulting value decisions. We simulated a perturbation of neural dynamics in a biophysically informed model of decision-making through in silico depolarization at the level of neuronal ensembles. Simulated depolarization increased baseline firing rates of pyramidal neurons, which altered their susceptibility to background noise, and thereby increased choice stochasticity. These behavioural predictions were compared to choice behaviour in healthy participants performing similar value decisions during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. We placed the soma depolarizing electrode over medial frontal PFC. In line with model predictions, this intervention resulted in more random choices. By contrast, no such effect was observed when placing the depolarizing electrode over lateral PFC. Using a causal manipulation of ventromedial and lateral prefrontal function, these results provide support for competition-based choice dynamics in human vmPFC, and introduce computational neurostimulation as a mechanistic assay for neurostimulation studies of cognition.
AbstractList During value-based decision making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to support choices by tracking the expected gain from different outcomes via a competition-based process. Using a computational neurostimulation approach we asked how perturbing this region might alter this competition and resulting value decisions. We simulated a perturbation of neural dynamics in a biophysically informed model of decision-making through in silico depolarization at the level of neuronal ensembles. Simulated depolarization increased baseline firing rates of pyramidal neurons, which altered their susceptibility to background noise, and thereby increased choice stochasticity. These behavioural predictions were compared to choice behaviour in healthy participants performing similar value decisions during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. We placed the soma depolarizing electrode over medial frontal PFC. In line with model predictions, this intervention resulted in more random choices. By contrast, no such effect was observed when placing the depolarizing electrode over lateral PFC. Using a causal manipulation of ventromedial and lateral prefrontal function, these results provide support for competition-based choice dynamics in human vmPFC, and introduce computational neurostimulation as a mechanistic assay for neurostimulation studies of cognition.
During value-based decision making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to support choices by tracking the expected gain from different outcomes via a competition-based process. Using a computational neurostimulation approach we asked how perturbing this region might alter this competition and resulting value decisions. We simulated a perturbation of neural dynamics in a biophysically informed model of decision-making through in silico depolarization at the level of neuronal ensembles. Simulated depolarization increased baseline firing rates of pyramidal neurons, which altered their susceptibility to background noise, and thereby increased choice stochasticity. These behavioural predictions were compared to choice behaviour in healthy participants performing similar value decisions during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. We placed the soma depolarizing electrode over medial frontal PFC. In line with model predictions, this intervention resulted in more random choices. By contrast, no such effect was observed when placing the depolarizing electrode over lateral PFC. Using a causal manipulation of ventromedial and lateral prefrontal function, these results provide support for competition-based choice dynamics in human vmPFC, and introduce computational neurostimulation as a mechanistic assay for neurostimulation studies of cognition.
During value-based decision making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to support choices by tracking the expected gain from different outcomes via a competition-based process. Using a computational neurostimulation approach we asked how perturbing this region might alter this competition and resulting value decisions. We simulated a perturbation of neural dynamics in a biophysically informed model of decision-making through in silico depolarization at the level of neuronal ensembles. Simulated depolarization increased baseline firing rates of pyramidal neurons, which altered their susceptibility to background noise, and thereby increased choice stochasticity. These behavioural predictions were compared to choice behaviour in healthy participants performing similar value decisions during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. We placed the soma depolarizing electrode over medial frontal PFC. In line with model predictions, this intervention resulted in more random choices. By contrast, no such effect was observed when placing the depolarizing electrode over lateral PFC. Using a causal manipulation of ventromedial and lateral prefrontal function, these results provide support for competition-based choice dynamics in human vmPFC, and introduce computational neurostimulation as a mechanistic assay for neurostimulation studies of cognition.During value-based decision making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to support choices by tracking the expected gain from different outcomes via a competition-based process. Using a computational neurostimulation approach we asked how perturbing this region might alter this competition and resulting value decisions. We simulated a perturbation of neural dynamics in a biophysically informed model of decision-making through in silico depolarization at the level of neuronal ensembles. Simulated depolarization increased baseline firing rates of pyramidal neurons, which altered their susceptibility to background noise, and thereby increased choice stochasticity. These behavioural predictions were compared to choice behaviour in healthy participants performing similar value decisions during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. We placed the soma depolarizing electrode over medial frontal PFC. In line with model predictions, this intervention resulted in more random choices. By contrast, no such effect was observed when placing the depolarizing electrode over lateral PFC. Using a causal manipulation of ventromedial and lateral prefrontal function, these results provide support for competition-based choice dynamics in human vmPFC, and introduce computational neurostimulation as a mechanistic assay for neurostimulation studies of cognition.
ArticleNumber 25160
Author Klein-Flügge, M.
Hämmerer, D.
Bikson, M.
Bestmann, S.
Bonaiuto, J.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: D.
  surname: Hämmerer
  fullname: Hämmerer, D.
  email: d.hammerer@ucl.ac.uk
  organization: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Lifespan Psychology, MPI for Human Development
– sequence: 2
  givenname: J.
  surname: Bonaiuto
  fullname: Bonaiuto, J.
  organization: Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London
– sequence: 3
  givenname: M.
  surname: Klein-Flügge
  fullname: Klein-Flügge, M.
  organization: Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, Department of Experimental Psychology
– sequence: 4
  givenname: M.
  surname: Bikson
  fullname: Bikson, M.
  organization: Department for Biomedical Engineering, The City University of New York
– sequence: 5
  givenname: S.
  surname: Bestmann
  fullname: Bestmann, S.
  organization: Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27146700$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNptkU9vFCEYh4lpY2vtwS9gSLyoyVr-zQxzMTGrtiZNPFTP5B0GujQMrMCs2W8vddtmW-UCeXn45SG_F-ggxGAQekXJB0q4PMvJrFlDW_IMHTMimgXjjB3snY_Qac43pK6G9YL2z9ER66hoO0KOUbky3ujiNgaDLyZBcTHgaPFqniDgDfjZ4NFol-s849-urPBkRgce2xRDqXv5vLzCLuN1qnNdzIiHLdYrCNcmYxcwlJJAl5jwuA0wOZ1fokMLPpvTu_0E_fz65cfyYnH5_fzb8tPlQgsuy4IxDjAyK4mFodfdwJtba6YHaa3oO040E0Dk2MIoNRl70eqGWtPywYgGRn6CPu5y1_NQpbUJ1cSrdXITpK2K4NTjm-BW6jpulJBNR3teA97eBaT4aza5qMllbbyHYOKcFe1kJ7qWka6ib56gN3FOoX5PUdnLtqlxrFKv940eVO4LqcDZDtAp5lqtVdqVv6VUQecVJeq2dfXQen3x7smL-9D_se93bK5M7SftSf4D_wENDr2t
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_020_20875_w
crossref_primary_10_1152_jn_00896_2016
crossref_primary_10_1177_1747021820964330
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41467_017_01833_5
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10339_020_00953_z
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clinph_2018_03_018
crossref_primary_10_3758_s13415_021_00889_7
crossref_primary_10_7554_eLife_20047
crossref_primary_10_1162_jocn_a_01591
crossref_primary_10_3758_s13415_017_0541_9
crossref_primary_10_61399_ikcusbfd_1425777
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bbr_2017_09_050
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2018_03_027
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conb_2017_11_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuron_2022_05_022
crossref_primary_10_1177_1059712319861589
crossref_primary_10_1080_17588928_2020_1817881
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_brs_2017_12_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_actpsy_2019_102876
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neuroimage_2019_06_047
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00221_018_5378_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_nlm_2023_107825
crossref_primary_10_1093_cercor_bhac459
crossref_primary_10_1093_cercor_bhab278
Cites_doi 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.08.005
10.1038/nn.3068
10.3389/neuro.11.005.2008
10.1113/jphysiol.2003.055772
10.1073/pnas.1001732107
10.1126/science.1216930
10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.004
10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00481.x
10.1016/j.conb.2009.02.005
10.1113/jphysiol.1964.sp007425
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06229.x
10.1038/ncomms3032
10.1037/0033-295X.108.3.550
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0091-11.2011
10.1007/s00221-005-2334-6
10.1113/jphysiol.2012.247171
10.1073/pnas.0805413106
10.1073/pnas.1012246107
10.1038/nn1954
10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.034
10.1038/nn.3140
10.1162/jocn.2010.21475
10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.005
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.042
10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.007
10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.01.010
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06290.x
10.1073/pnas.0908104107
10.1038/nn.2723
10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.035
10.1177/1550059412445138
10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5626315
10.1038/nn.3836
10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113648
10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01092-9
10.1016/j.tics.2014.10.003
10.1037/a0027342
10.1113/jphysiol.2013.260661
10.1016/j.neunet.2013.09.001
10.1093/cercor/bhm237
10.1016/j.neuron.2009.05.014
10.1162/089892904323057263
10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.09.003
10.1152/jn.01312.2006
10.1073/pnas.1121147109
10.1016/j.brs.2011.12.006
10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.010
10.1109/IEMBS.2006.259548
10.1038/nn.3017
10.1007/978-3-662-02728-8
10.1113/jphysiol.2012.249730
10.1016/j.brs.2010.06.004
10.1126/science.1129156
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.06.014
10.1152/jn.00208.2014
10.1016/j.tics.2014.01.004
10.1093/cercor/bhl176
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003304
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06267.x
10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.06.013
10.1111/nyas.12110
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright The Author(s) 2016
Copyright Nature Publishing Group May 2016
Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited
Copyright_xml – notice: The Author(s) 2016
– notice: Copyright Nature Publishing Group May 2016
– notice: Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited
DBID C6C
AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
3V.
7X7
7XB
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AEUYN
AFKRA
AZQEC
BBNVY
BENPR
BHPHI
CCPQU
DWQXO
FYUFA
GHDGH
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
K9.
LK8
M0S
M1P
M2P
M7P
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
5PM
DOI 10.1038/srep25160
DatabaseName Springer Nature OA Free Journals
CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Biology Database (Alumni Edition)
Medical Database (Alumni Edition)
Science Database (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
One Sustainability
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials - QC
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Central Student
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Biological Sciences
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni)
Medical Database
Science Database
Biological Science Database
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central Basic
MEDLINE - Academic
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest Central Student
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Biology Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Sustainability
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
Natural Science Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
Health & Medical Research Collection
Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni)
ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Biological Science Collection
ProQuest Central Basic
ProQuest Science Journals
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
Biological Science Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest Medical Library
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList

MEDLINE - Academic
CrossRef
MEDLINE
Publicly Available Content Database
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: PIMPY
  name: Publicly Available Content Database
  url: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Biology
EISSN 2045-2322
ExternalDocumentID PMC4857193
27146700
10_1038_srep25160
Genre Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article
GrantInformation_xml – fundername: Wellcome Trust
– fundername: European Research Council
  grantid: 260424
GroupedDBID 0R~
3V.
4.4
53G
5VS
7X7
88A
88E
88I
8FE
8FH
8FI
8FJ
AAFWJ
AAJSJ
AAKDD
ABDBF
ABUWG
ACGFS
ACSMW
ACUHS
ADBBV
ADRAZ
AENEX
AEUYN
AFKRA
AJTQC
ALIPV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AOIJS
AZQEC
BAWUL
BBNVY
BCNDV
BENPR
BHPHI
BPHCQ
BVXVI
C6C
CCPQU
DIK
DWQXO
EBD
EBLON
EBS
EJD
ESX
FYUFA
GNUQQ
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HCIFZ
HH5
HMCUK
HYE
KQ8
LK8
M0L
M1P
M2P
M48
M7P
M~E
NAO
OK1
PIMPY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
RNT
RNTTT
RPM
SNYQT
UKHRP
AASML
AAYXX
AFFHD
AFPKN
CITATION
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQGLB
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7XB
8FK
K9.
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
Q9U
7X8
PUEGO
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c438t-223aad2f80fab9c7b3546702cb8ff49730c24a08d6ad8c0d946c51fe63be45ad3
IEDL.DBID M2P
ISICitedReferencesCount 26
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000375475500001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 2045-2322
IngestDate Tue Nov 04 01:56:14 EST 2025
Thu Oct 02 11:55:58 EDT 2025
Tue Oct 07 07:02:50 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 06:03:54 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 18 21:28:36 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 01:49:18 EST 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:39:19 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 1
Language English
License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c438t-223aad2f80fab9c7b3546702cb8ff49730c24a08d6ad8c0d946c51fe63be45ad3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
These authors contributed equally to this work.
OpenAccessLink https://www.proquest.com/docview/1898659332?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PMID 27146700
PQID 1898659332
PQPubID 2041939
ParticipantIDs pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_4857193
proquest_miscellaneous_1787476207
proquest_journals_1898659332
pubmed_primary_27146700
crossref_citationtrail_10_1038_srep25160
crossref_primary_10_1038_srep25160
springer_journals_10_1038_srep25160
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2016-05-05
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2016-05-05
PublicationDate_xml – month: 05
  year: 2016
  text: 2016-05-05
  day: 05
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace London
PublicationPlace_xml – name: London
– name: England
PublicationTitle Scientific reports
PublicationTitleAbbrev Sci Rep
PublicationTitleAlternate Sci Rep
PublicationYear 2016
Publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
Nature Publishing Group
Publisher_xml – name: Nature Publishing Group UK
– name: Nature Publishing Group
References Bonaiuto, Arbib (CR12) 2014; 49
Boorman, Behrens, Woolrich, Rushworth (CR6) 2009; 62
Usher, McClelland (CR63) 2001; 108
Fregni (CR58) 2005; 166
Philiastides, Biele, Heekeren (CR10) 2010; 107
CR36
Nitsche (CR29) 2007; 97
Rahman (CR27) 2013; 591
CR33
Goodman, Brette (CR66) 2008; 2
Wang (CR13) 2002; 36
Miniussi, Harris, Ruzzoli (CR31) 2013; 37
Bikson, Rahman, Datta, Fregni, Merabet (CR44) 2012; 15
Nitsche (CR26) 2008; 1
Molaee-Ardekani (CR24) 2013; 6
Reis (CR49) 2009; 106
Rushworth, Mars, Summerfield (CR3) 2009; 19
Maia, Frank (CR39) 2011; 14
Reato, Bikson, Parra (CR48) 2015; 113
Radman, Ramos, Brumberg, Bikson (CR35) 2009; 2
Jocham, Hunt, Near, Behrens (CR17) 2012; 15
Bikson (CR32) 2015; 222
Soekadar (CR56) 2013; 4
Bestmann, de Berker, Bonaiuto (CR22) 2015; 19
Hunt (CR7) 2012; 15
Fritsch (CR47) 2010; 66
CR45
Bindman, Lippold, Redfearn (CR64) 1964; 172
Andrews, Hoy, Enticott, Daskalakis, Fitzgerald (CR57) 2011; 4
Márquez-Ruiz (CR28) 2012; 109
Wang (CR14) 2008; 60
Batsikadze, Moliadze, Paulus, Kuo, Nitsche (CR40) 2013; 591
Datta (CR50) 2009; 2
Wong, Huk, Shadlen, Wang (CR15) 2007; 1
Bikson, Rahman, Datta (CR43) 2012; 43
Edwards (CR51) 2013; 74
Kolling, Behrens, Mars, Rushworth (CR9) 2012; 336
Fellows (CR53) 2011; 1239
Eshel, Tian, Uchida (CR38) 2013; 17
Noonan (CR19) 2010; 107
CR52
Basten, Biele, Heekeren, Fiebach (CR4) 2010; 107
Bikson, Radman, Datta (CR46) 2006; 1
Padoa-Schioppa (CR54) 2011; 34
Rudebeck, Murray (CR21) 2011; 1239
Behrens, Woolrich, Walton, Rushworth (CR5) 2007; 10
Hunt, Dolan, Behrens (CR8) 2014; 17
Hämmerer, Li, Müller, Lindenberger (CR42) 2011; 23
Fellows, Farah (CR18) 2007; 17
De Berker, Bikson, Bestmann (CR61) 2013; 7
Antal (CR30) 2004; 16
Deco, Rolls, Albantakis, Romo (CR1) 2013; 103
Knoch, Pascual-Leone, Meyer, Treyer, Fehr (CR59) 2006; 314
Hunt (CR16) 2014; 18
Kutchko, Fröhlich (CR37) 2013; 9
O’Doherty (CR2) 2011; 1239
CR23
Bikson (CR34) 2004; 557
Nitsche, Paulus (CR25) 2011; 29
Bestmann, Feredoes (CR55) 2013; 1296
Knoch (CR60) 2008; 18
Rudebeck, Murray (CR20) 2011; 31
CR62
Wunderlich, Dayan, Dolan (CR11) 2012; 15
Hämmerer, Eppinger (CR41) 2012; 48
Funke (CR65) 2013; 591
MG Philiastides (BFsrep25160_CR10) 2010; 107
N Eshel (BFsrep25160_CR38) 2013; 17
M Bikson (BFsrep25160_CR44) 2012; 15
J Reis (BFsrep25160_CR49) 2009; 106
C Padoa-Schioppa (BFsrep25160_CR54) 2011; 34
AO De Berker (BFsrep25160_CR61) 2013; 7
LT Hunt (BFsrep25160_CR8) 2014; 17
M Bikson (BFsrep25160_CR43) 2012; 43
ED Boorman (BFsrep25160_CR6) 2009; 62
M Usher (BFsrep25160_CR63) 2001; 108
D Goodman (BFsrep25160_CR66) 2008; 2
D Hämmerer (BFsrep25160_CR42) 2011; 23
D Knoch (BFsrep25160_CR59) 2006; 314
U Basten (BFsrep25160_CR4) 2010; 107
G Jocham (BFsrep25160_CR17) 2012; 15
D Edwards (BFsrep25160_CR51) 2013; 74
A Datta (BFsrep25160_CR50) 2009; 2
F Fregni (BFsrep25160_CR58) 2005; 166
M Bikson (BFsrep25160_CR46) 2006; 1
BFsrep25160_CR52
N Kolling (BFsrep25160_CR9) 2012; 336
K Funke (BFsrep25160_CR65) 2013; 591
KM Kutchko (BFsrep25160_CR37) 2013; 9
K Wunderlich (BFsrep25160_CR11) 2012; 15
J Bonaiuto (BFsrep25160_CR12) 2014; 49
Nitsche (BFsrep25160_CR26) 2008; 1
S Bestmann (BFsrep25160_CR55) 2013; 1296
LK Fellows (BFsrep25160_CR18) 2007; 17
Nitsche (BFsrep25160_CR25) 2011; 29
M Bikson (BFsrep25160_CR34) 2004; 557
LJ Bindman (BFsrep25160_CR64) 1964; 172
C Miniussi (BFsrep25160_CR31) 2013; 37
PH Rudebeck (BFsrep25160_CR21) 2011; 1239
X-J Wang (BFsrep25160_CR14) 2008; 60
D Hämmerer (BFsrep25160_CR41) 2012; 48
BFsrep25160_CR45
SC Andrews (BFsrep25160_CR57) 2011; 4
LT Hunt (BFsrep25160_CR16) 2014; 18
S Bestmann (BFsrep25160_CR22) 2015; 19
MA Nitsche (BFsrep25160_CR29) 2007; 97
J Márquez-Ruiz (BFsrep25160_CR28) 2012; 109
G Batsikadze (BFsrep25160_CR40) 2013; 591
MF Rushworth (BFsrep25160_CR3) 2009; 19
D Knoch (BFsrep25160_CR60) 2008; 18
K-F Wong (BFsrep25160_CR15) 2007; 1
A Rahman (BFsrep25160_CR27) 2013; 591
LT Hunt (BFsrep25160_CR7) 2012; 15
SR Soekadar (BFsrep25160_CR56) 2013; 4
G Deco (BFsrep25160_CR1) 2013; 103
T Radman (BFsrep25160_CR35) 2009; 2
BFsrep25160_CR33
BFsrep25160_CR36
PH Rudebeck (BFsrep25160_CR20) 2011; 31
LK Fellows (BFsrep25160_CR53) 2011; 1239
A Antal (BFsrep25160_CR30) 2004; 16
TV Maia (BFsrep25160_CR39) 2011; 14
X-J Wang (BFsrep25160_CR13) 2002; 36
B Molaee-Ardekani (BFsrep25160_CR24) 2013; 6
D Reato (BFsrep25160_CR48) 2015; 113
B Fritsch (BFsrep25160_CR47) 2010; 66
JP O’Doherty (BFsrep25160_CR2) 2011; 1239
M Bikson (BFsrep25160_CR32) 2015; 222
MP Noonan (BFsrep25160_CR19) 2010; 107
TEJ Behrens (BFsrep25160_CR5) 2007; 10
BFsrep25160_CR62
BFsrep25160_CR23
References_xml – ident: CR45
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1616
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1619
  ident: CR46
  article-title: Rational modulation of neuronal processing with applied electric fields
  publication-title: Conf. Proc. Annu. Int. Conf. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. Annu. Conf.
– volume: 18
  start-page: 222
  year: 2014
  end-page: 224
  ident: CR16
  article-title: What are the neural origins of choice variability?
  publication-title: Trends Cogn. Sci.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 201
  year: 2009
  end-page: 207
  ident: CR50
  article-title: Gyri-precise head model of transcranial direct current stimulation: Improved spatial focality using a ring electrode versus conventional rectangular pad
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 786
  year: 2012
  end-page: 791
  ident: CR11
  article-title: Mapping value based planning and extensively trained choice in the human brain
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
– volume: 66
  start-page: 198
  year: 2010
  end-page: 204
  ident: CR47
  article-title: Direct current stimulation promotes BDNF-dependent synaptic plasticity: potential implications for motor learning
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 336
  start-page: 95
  year: 2012
  end-page: 98
  ident: CR9
  article-title: Neural Mechanisms of Foraging
  publication-title: Science
– volume: 14
  start-page: 154
  year: 2011
  end-page: 162
  ident: CR39
  article-title: From reinforcement learning models to psychiatric and neurological disorders
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1987
  year: 2008
  end-page: 1990
  ident: CR60
  article-title: Studying the Neurobiology of Social Interaction with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation–The Example of Punishing Unfairness
  publication-title: Cereb. Cortex
– volume: 6
  start-page: 25
  year: 2013
  end-page: 39
  ident: CR24
  article-title: Effects of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on cortical activity: A computational modelling study
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 1
  year: 2013
  end-page: 6
  ident: CR61
  article-title: Predicting the behavioural impact of transcranial direct current stimulation: issues and limitations
  publication-title: Front. Hum. Neurosci.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 75
  year: 2009
  end-page: 83
  ident: CR3
  article-title: General mechanisms for making decisions?
  publication-title: Curr. Opin. Neurobiol.
– volume: 34
  start-page: 333
  year: 2011
  end-page: 359
  ident: CR54
  article-title: Neurobiology of economic choice: a good-based model
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Neurosci.
– volume: 1239
  start-page: 118
  year: 2011
  end-page: 129
  ident: CR2
  article-title: Contributions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex to goal-directed action selection
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
– volume: 10
  start-page: 1214
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1221
  ident: CR5
  article-title: Learning the value of information in an uncertain world
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 206
  year: 2008
  end-page: 223
  ident: CR26
  article-title: Transcranial direct current stimulation: State of the art 2008
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 215
  year: 2009
  end-page: 228
  ident: CR35
  article-title: Role of cortical cell type and morphology in subthreshold and suprathreshold uniform electric field stimulation
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 579
  year: 2011
  end-page: 592
  ident: CR42
  article-title: Life span differences in electrophysiological correlates of monitoring gains and losses during probabilistic reinforcement learning
  publication-title: J. Cogn. Neurosci.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 521
  year: 2004
  end-page: 527
  ident: CR30
  article-title: Direct current stimulation over V5 enhances visuomotor coordination by improving motion perception in humans
  publication-title: J. Cogn. Neurosci.
– volume: 1239
  start-page: 51
  year: 2011
  end-page: 58
  ident: CR53
  article-title: Orbitofrontal contributions to value-based decision making: evidence from humans with frontal lobe damage
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 960
  year: 2012
  end-page: 961
  ident: CR17
  article-title: A mechanism for value-guided choice based on the excitation-inhibition balance in prefrontal cortex
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
– volume: 4
  start-page: 84
  year: 2011
  end-page: 89
  ident: CR57
  article-title: Improving working memory: the effect of combining cognitive activity and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
– volume: 49
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  end-page: 10
  ident: CR12
  article-title: Modeling the BOLD correlates of competitive neural dynamics
  publication-title: Neural Netw. Off. J. Int. Neural Netw. Soc.
– volume: 113
  start-page: 1334
  year: 2015
  end-page: 1341
  ident: CR48
  article-title: Lasting modulation of oscillatory activity with weak direct current stimulation
  publication-title: J. Neurophysiol.
– volume: 314
  start-page: 829
  year: 2006
  end-page: 832
  ident: CR59
  article-title: Diminishing Reciprocal Fairness by Disrupting the Right Prefrontal Cortex
  publication-title: Science
– ident: CR36
– volume: 17
  start-page: 2669
  year: 2007
  end-page: 2674
  ident: CR18
  article-title: The Role of Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in Decision Making: Judgment under Uncertainty or Judgment Per Se?
  publication-title: Cereb. Cortex
– volume: 19
  start-page: 13
  year: 2015
  end-page: 20
  ident: CR22
  article-title: Understanding the behavioural consequences of noninvasive brain stimulation
  publication-title: Trends Cogn. Sci.
– volume: 108
  start-page: 550
  year: 2001
  end-page: 592
  ident: CR63
  article-title: The time course of perceptual choice: The leaky, competing accumulator model
  publication-title: Psychol. Rev.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 306
  year: 2012
  end-page: 315
  ident: CR44
  article-title: High-resolution modelling assisted design of customized and individualized transcranial direct current stimulation protocols
  publication-title: Neuromodulation J. Int. Neuromodulation Soc.
– volume: 74
  start-page: 266
  year: 2013
  end-page: 275
  ident: CR51
  article-title: Physiological and modelling evidence for focal transcranial electrical brain stimulation in humans: A basis for high-definition tDCS
  publication-title: NeuroImage
– volume: 172
  start-page: 369
  year: 1964
  end-page: 382
  ident: CR64
  article-title: The action of brief polarizing currents on the cerebral cortex of the rat (1) during current flow and (2) in the production of long-lasting after-effects
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
– volume: 36
  start-page: 955
  year: 2002
  end-page: 968
  ident: CR13
  article-title: Probabilistic decision making by slow reverberation in cortical circuits
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 1239
  start-page: 1
  year: 2011
  end-page: 13
  ident: CR21
  article-title: Balkanizing the primate orbitofrontal cortex: distinct subregions for comparing and contrasting values
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
– volume: 222
  start-page: 1
  year: 2015
  end-page: 23
  ident: CR32
  article-title: Modeling sequence and quasi-uniform assumption in computational neurostimulation
  publication-title: Prog. Brain Res.
  doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.08.005
– volume: 97
  start-page: 3109
  year: 2007
  end-page: 3117
  ident: CR29
  article-title: Shaping the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Human Motor Cortex
  publication-title: J. Neurophysiol.
– ident: CR33
– volume: 48
  start-page: 862
  year: 2012
  end-page: 874
  ident: CR41
  article-title: Dopaminergic and prefrontal contributions to reward-based learning and outcome monitoring during child development and aging
  publication-title: Dev. Psychol.
– volume: 31
  start-page: 10569
  year: 2011
  end-page: 10578
  ident: CR20
  article-title: Dissociable effects of subtotal lesions within the macaque orbital prefrontal cortex on reward-guided behaviour
  publication-title: J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 470
  year: 2012
  end-page: 476
  ident: CR7
  article-title: Mechanisms underlying cortical activity during value-guided choice
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
– volume: 106
  start-page: 1590
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1595
  ident: CR49
  article-title: Noninvasive cortical stimulation enhances motor skill acquisition over multiple days through an effect on consolidation
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
– ident: CR23
– volume: 557
  start-page: 175
  year: 2004
  end-page: 190
  ident: CR34
  article-title: Effects of uniform extracellular DC electric fields on excitability in rat hippocampal slices
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1702
  year: 2013
  end-page: 1712
  ident: CR31
  article-title: Modelling non-invasive brain stimulation in cognitive neuroscience
  publication-title: Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev.
– volume: 166
  start-page: 23
  year: 2005
  end-page: 30
  ident: CR58
  article-title: Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of prefrontal cortex enhances working memory
  publication-title: Exp. Brain Res.
– volume: 109
  start-page: 6710
  year: 2012
  end-page: 6715
  ident: CR28
  article-title: Transcranial direct-current stimulation modulates synaptic mechanisms involved in associative learning in behaving rabbits
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
– volume: 43
  start-page: 176
  year: 2012
  end-page: 183
  ident: CR43
  article-title: Computational models of transcranial direct current stimulation
  publication-title: Clin. EEG Neurosci.
– volume: 591
  start-page: 3809
  year: 2013
  ident: CR65
  article-title: Quite simple at first glance - complex at a second: modulating neuronal activity by tDCS
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 430
  year: 2013
  end-page: 431
  ident: CR38
  article-title: Opening the black box: dopamine, predictions, and learning
  publication-title: Trends Cogn. Sci.
– volume: 1296
  start-page: 11
  year: 2013
  end-page: 30
  ident: CR55
  article-title: Combined neurostimulation and neuroimaging in cognitive neuroscience: past, present, and future
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
– volume: 107
  start-page: 9430
  year: 2010
  end-page: 9435
  ident: CR10
  article-title: A mechanistic account of value computation in the human brain
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
– ident: CR52
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1613
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1622
  ident: CR8
  article-title: Hierarchical competitions subserving multi-attribute choice
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
– volume: 591
  start-page: 2563
  year: 2013
  end-page: 2578
  ident: CR27
  article-title: Cellular effects of acute direct current stimulation: somatic and synaptic terminal effects
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
– volume: 60
  start-page: 215
  year: 2008
  end-page: 234
  ident: CR14
  article-title: Decision Making in Recurrent Neuronal Circuits
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 107
  start-page: 20547
  year: 2010
  end-page: 20552
  ident: CR19
  article-title: Separate value comparison and learning mechanisms in macaque medial and lateral orbitofrontal cortex
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
– volume: 591
  start-page: 1987
  year: 2013
  end-page: 2000
  ident: CR40
  article-title: Partially non-linear stimulation intensity-dependent effects of direct current stimulation on motor cortex excitability in humans
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
– volume: 29
  start-page: 463
  year: 2011
  end-page: 492
  ident: CR25
  article-title: Transcranial direct current stimulation – update 2011
  publication-title: Restor. Neurol. Neurosci.
– volume: 107
  start-page: 21767
  year: 2010
  end-page: 21772
  ident: CR4
  article-title: How the brain integrates costs and benefits during decision making
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
– volume: 4
  start-page: 2032
  year: 2013
  ident: CR56
  article-title: assessment of human brain oscillations during application of transcranial electric currents
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  year: 2008
  end-page: 10
  ident: CR66
  article-title: Brian: A Simulator for Spiking Neural Networks in Python
  publication-title: Front. Neuroinformatics
– volume: 103
  start-page: 194
  year: 2013
  end-page: 213
  ident: CR1
  article-title: Brain mechanisms for perceptual and reward-related decision-making
  publication-title: Prog. Neurobiol.
– volume: 9
  start-page: e1003304
  year: 2013
  ident: CR37
  article-title: Emergence of Metastable State Dynamics in Interconnected Cortical Networks with Propagation Delays
  publication-title: PLoS Comput Biol
– ident: CR62
– volume: 1
  start-page: 6
  year: 2007
  ident: CR15
  article-title: Neural circuit dynamics underlying accumulation of time-varying evidence during perceptual decision making
  publication-title: Front. Comput. Neurosci.
– volume: 62
  start-page: 733
  year: 2009
  end-page: 743
  ident: CR6
  article-title: How Green Is the Grass on the Other Side? Frontopolar Cortex and the Evidence in Favor of Alternative Courses of Action
  publication-title: Neuron
– volume: 15
  start-page: 786
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR11
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn.3068
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1
  year: 2008
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR66
  publication-title: Front. Neuroinformatics
  doi: 10.3389/neuro.11.005.2008
– volume: 557
  start-page: 175
  year: 2004
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR34
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
  doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.055772
– volume: 107
  start-page: 9430
  year: 2010
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR10
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1001732107
– volume: 7
  start-page: 1
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR61
  publication-title: Front. Hum. Neurosci.
– volume: 336
  start-page: 95
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR9
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1216930
– volume: 1
  start-page: 206
  year: 2008
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR26
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
  doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.004
– volume: 15
  start-page: 306
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR44
  publication-title: Neuromodulation J. Int. Neuromodulation Soc.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00481.x
– volume: 19
  start-page: 75
  year: 2009
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR3
  publication-title: Curr. Opin. Neurobiol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2009.02.005
– volume: 172
  start-page: 369
  year: 1964
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR64
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
  doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1964.sp007425
– volume: 1239
  start-page: 51
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR53
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06229.x
– volume: 4
  start-page: 2032
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR56
  publication-title: Nat. Commun.
  doi: 10.1038/ncomms3032
– volume: 108
  start-page: 550
  year: 2001
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR63
  publication-title: Psychol. Rev.
  doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.108.3.550
– volume: 31
  start-page: 10569
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR20
  publication-title: J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0091-11.2011
– volume: 166
  start-page: 23
  year: 2005
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR58
  publication-title: Exp. Brain Res.
  doi: 10.1007/s00221-005-2334-6
– volume: 591
  start-page: 2563
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR27
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
  doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.247171
– volume: 106
  start-page: 1590
  year: 2009
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR49
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.0805413106
– volume: 107
  start-page: 20547
  year: 2010
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR19
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1012246107
– volume: 10
  start-page: 1214
  year: 2007
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR5
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn1954
– volume: 60
  start-page: 215
  year: 2008
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR14
  publication-title: Neuron
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.034
– volume: 15
  start-page: 960
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR17
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn.3140
– volume: 23
  start-page: 579
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR42
  publication-title: J. Cogn. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1162/jocn.2010.21475
– volume: 2
  start-page: 201
  year: 2009
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR50
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
  doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.005
– volume: 74
  start-page: 266
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR51
  publication-title: NeuroImage
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.042
– volume: 2
  start-page: 215
  year: 2009
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR35
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
  doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.007
– volume: 103
  start-page: 194
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR1
  publication-title: Prog. Neurobiol.
  doi: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2012.01.010
– volume: 1239
  start-page: 118
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR2
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06290.x
– volume: 107
  start-page: 21767
  year: 2010
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR4
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.0908104107
– volume: 14
  start-page: 154
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR39
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn.2723
– volume: 29
  start-page: 463
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR25
  publication-title: Restor. Neurol. Neurosci.
– volume: 66
  start-page: 198
  year: 2010
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR47
  publication-title: Neuron
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.03.035
– volume: 43
  start-page: 176
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR43
  publication-title: Clin. EEG Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1177/1550059412445138
– ident: BFsrep25160_CR45
  doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5626315
– volume: 17
  start-page: 1613
  year: 2014
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR8
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn.3836
– volume: 34
  start-page: 333
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR54
  publication-title: Annu. Rev. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-061010-113648
– volume: 36
  start-page: 955
  year: 2002
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR13
  publication-title: Neuron
  doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)01092-9
– volume: 19
  start-page: 13
  year: 2015
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR22
  publication-title: Trends Cogn. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2014.10.003
– volume: 48
  start-page: 862
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR41
  publication-title: Dev. Psychol.
  doi: 10.1037/a0027342
– volume: 591
  start-page: 3809
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR65
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
  doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.260661
– volume: 49
  start-page: 1
  year: 2014
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR12
  publication-title: Neural Netw. Off. J. Int. Neural Netw. Soc.
  doi: 10.1016/j.neunet.2013.09.001
– volume: 18
  start-page: 1987
  year: 2008
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR60
  publication-title: Cereb. Cortex
  doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhm237
– volume: 62
  start-page: 733
  year: 2009
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR6
  publication-title: Neuron
  doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2009.05.014
– volume: 16
  start-page: 521
  year: 2004
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR30
  publication-title: J. Cogn. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1162/089892904323057263
– ident: BFsrep25160_CR33
  doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.09.003
– volume: 97
  start-page: 3109
  year: 2007
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR29
  publication-title: J. Neurophysiol.
  doi: 10.1152/jn.01312.2006
– volume: 109
  start-page: 6710
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR28
  publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1121147109
– volume: 6
  start-page: 25
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR24
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
  doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2011.12.006
– volume: 17
  start-page: 430
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR38
  publication-title: Trends Cogn. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.010
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1616
  year: 2006
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR46
  publication-title: Conf. Proc. Annu. Int. Conf. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. Annu. Conf.
  doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2006.259548
– volume: 15
  start-page: 470
  year: 2012
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR7
  publication-title: Nat. Neurosci.
  doi: 10.1038/nn.3017
– ident: BFsrep25160_CR36
– ident: BFsrep25160_CR52
  doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-02728-8
– volume: 591
  start-page: 1987
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR40
  publication-title: J. Physiol.
  doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.249730
– volume: 4
  start-page: 84
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR57
  publication-title: Brain Stimulat.
  doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2010.06.004
– volume: 314
  start-page: 829
  year: 2006
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR59
  publication-title: Science
  doi: 10.1126/science.1129156
– volume: 37
  start-page: 1702
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR31
  publication-title: Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev.
  doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.06.014
– volume: 113
  start-page: 1334
  year: 2015
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR48
  publication-title: J. Neurophysiol.
  doi: 10.1152/jn.00208.2014
– volume: 18
  start-page: 222
  year: 2014
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR16
  publication-title: Trends Cogn. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2014.01.004
– ident: BFsrep25160_CR62
– volume: 17
  start-page: 2669
  year: 2007
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR18
  publication-title: Cereb. Cortex
  doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhl176
– volume: 222
  start-page: 1
  year: 2015
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR32
  publication-title: Prog. Brain Res.
  doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.08.005
– volume: 9
  start-page: e1003304
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR37
  publication-title: PLoS Comput Biol
  doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003304
– volume: 1239
  start-page: 1
  year: 2011
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR21
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06267.x
– ident: BFsrep25160_CR23
  doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2015.06.013
– volume: 1296
  start-page: 11
  year: 2013
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR55
  publication-title: Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.
  doi: 10.1111/nyas.12110
– volume: 1
  start-page: 6
  year: 2007
  ident: BFsrep25160_CR15
  publication-title: Front. Comput. Neurosci.
SSID ssj0000529419
Score 2.3005412
Snippet During value-based decision making, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to support choices by tracking the expected gain from different outcomes...
SourceID pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 25160
SubjectTerms 631/378/116/1925
631/378/1595/1396
631/477/2811
Adult
Choice Behavior
Cognition
Competition
Computational neuroscience
Decision making
Depolarization
Electrical stimulation of the brain
Electrodes
ESB
Female
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Male
Models, Neurological
multidisciplinary
Prefrontal cortex
Prefrontal Cortex - physiology
Pyramidal cells
Science
Stochasticity
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Young Adult
Title Selective alteration of human value decisions with medial frontal tDCS is predicted by changes in attractor dynamics
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/srep25160
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27146700
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1898659332
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1787476207
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC4857193
Volume 6
WOSCitedRecordID wos000375475500001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVHPJ
  databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: M~E
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org
  providerName: ISSN International Centre
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Biological Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: M7P
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/biologicalscijournals
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Proquest Central
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 2045-2322
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0000529419
  issn: 2045-2322
  databaseCode: M2P
  dateStart: 20110101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/sciencejournals
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwEB7RLkhceD8CZWUeBy5R83Bi54SgtAKJriIKaDlFfopIkF02KdL-e8bOgz4QFy7OwaPE0tgzk5nx9wG84FFqWRTbMDVWhZRbExaKqzCiMjWaxZJ5bsAvH9hiwZfLohwSbu3QVjnaRG-o9Uq5HPl-zAueZ_j7nbxa_wwda5Srrg4UGjsww8gmdi1dx0k55VhcFYvGxQgolPJ9dDtr9OgekPKMG7oUW15ukbxQJ_Xu5-jm_y78FtwYAk_yut8pt-GKae7AtZ6KcnsXuhNPiIO2j_gCulcYWVniSfyIwwQ3RA-EPC1x6VvS3zoh1mEg4LN7e3BC6pasN674g5EskVvSXyxuSd0Q0XUbz-5D9LYRP2rV3oPPR4efDt6FAyNDqGjKuxBjCSF0YnlkhSwUk2mGhjZKlOTW0gKthUqoiLjOheYq0gXNVRZbk6fS0Ezo9D7sNqvGPARCpS5UYjPh8OKZwd-cROaZxIiDKyuoDeDlqKBKDXDljjXje-XL5imvJl0G8GwSXfcYHX8T2hvVUw3HtK3-6CaAp9M0HjBXNRGNWZ2iDJo0ii4jYgE86DfF9JWEOUcT4cvZue0yCTjw7vMzTf3Ng3hTnjEMngN4Pm6sM8u6uPhH_178Y7iOcVzu-zCzPdjtNqfmCVxVv7q63cxhhy2ZH_kcZm8OF-XHuU89zP1pcSPDcVa-Py6__gb2dSJ5
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB6VAoIL70eggHlU4hI1cZzYOSCEWqpWXVaVWlBvwXZsEQmyyyYF7Z_iNzJ2HvSBuPXAKYdYjpN8nhl7xt8H8EpEieVRbMPEWB0yYU2Ya6HDiKnElDxW3GsDfprw6VQcHeX7K_BrOAvjyioHm-gNdTnTbo98Ixa5yFJcftO38--hU41y2dVBQqODxZ5Z_sQlW_Nmdwv_7zql2-8PN3fCXlUg1CwRbYj-UMqSWhFZqXLNVZKisYioVsJaliPiNWUyEmUmS6GjMmeZTmNrskQZlsoywX4vwWXmmMVcqSDdH_d0XNaMxflAYJSIDXRzc4wgPAHmCbd3LpY9X5J5Ji_r3d32zf_tQ92CG31gTd51M-E2rJj6DlztpDaXd6E98II_aNuJLxDwgCQzS7xIIXGc54aUveBQQ9z2NOlO1RDrOB7w2m5tHpCqIfOFS25hpE7UknQHpxtS1US27cKrF5FyWctvlW7uwccLeeX7sFrPavMQCFNlrqlNpePD5waXcVRlqcKISmgrmQ3g9QCIQvd07E4V5GvhywISUYzYCeDF2HTecZD8rdHaAIeiN0NN8QcLATwfb6MBcVkhWZvZMbZBk83QJUY8gAcdCMenUO4caYSd81PwHBs4cvLTd-rqiycpZyLluDgI4OUA5BPDOjv4R_8e_DO4tnP4YVJMdqd7j-E6xqyZrzlN12C1XRybJ3BF_2irZvHUz0cCny8a178BcqV5qQ
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB6VLVRceBcWCpiXxCXaxHES54AQ6rJi1bJaqYDaU7AdW0SC7LJJQfvX-HWMnQd9IG49cMohluMkn2fGnvH3ATznfmgSPzBeqI3yGDfaSxVXns9kqPMkkInTBvy0n8xm_PAwnW_Ar-4sjC2r7GyiM9T5Qtk98lHAUx5HuPymI9OWRczHk9fL755VkLKZ1k5Oo4HInl7_xOVb9Wo6xn_9gtLJ2w-777xWYcBTLOS1h75RiJwa7hshU5XIMELD4VMluTEsRfQryoTP81jkXPl5ymIVBUbHodQsEnmI_V6CTQzJGR3A5nz6fn7U7_DYHBoL0o7OKOQjdHpLjCccHeYJJ3gusj1foHkmS-uc3-T6__zZbsC1NuQmb5o5chM2dHkLrjQinOvbUB84KSC0-sSVDjiokoUhTr6QWDZ0TfJWiqgiduOaNOdtiLHsD3itx7sHpKjIcmXTXhjDE7kmzZHqihQlEXW9crpGJF-X4luhqjvw8UJeeRsG5aLU94AwmaeKmkhYpvxE4wKPyjiSGGtxZQQzQ3jZgSNTLVG71Qv5mrmCgZBnPY6G8LRvumzYSf7WaKeDRtYaqCr7g4shPOlvo2mx-SJR6sUxtkFjztBZ-skQ7jaA7J9CE-tifew8OQXVvoGlLT99pyy-OPpyxqMElw1DeNaB-sSwzg7-_r8H_xi2EM7Z_nS29wCuYjAbu2LUaAcG9epYP4TL6kddVKtH7eQk8Pmigf0bl9CD8g
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Selective+alteration+of+human+value+decisions+with+medial+frontal+tDCS+is+predicted+by+changes+in+attractor+dynamics&rft.jtitle=Scientific+reports&rft.au=H%C3%A4mmerer%2C+D.&rft.au=Bonaiuto%2C+J.&rft.au=Klein-Fl%C3%BCgge%2C+M.&rft.au=Bikson%2C+M.&rft.date=2016-05-05&rft.pub=Nature+Publishing+Group&rft.eissn=2045-2322&rft.volume=6&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsrep25160&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27146700&rft.externalDocID=PMC4857193
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2045-2322&client=summon