Adjusted restricted mean survival times in observational studies

In observational studies with censored data, exposure‐outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) up to a pre‐specified time point is an alternative measure that of...

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Vydané v:Statistics in medicine Ročník 38; číslo 20; s. 3832 - 3860
Hlavní autori: Conner, Sarah C., Sullivan, Lisa M., Benjamin, Emelia J., LaValley, Michael P., Galea, Sandro, Trinquart, Ludovic
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 10.09.2019
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ISSN:0277-6715, 1097-0258, 1097-0258
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Abstract In observational studies with censored data, exposure‐outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) up to a pre‐specified time point is an alternative measure that offers a clinically meaningful interpretation. Several regression‐based methods exist to estimate an adjusted difference in RMSTs, but they digress from the model‐free method of taking the area under the survival function. We derive the adjusted RMST by integrating an adjusted Kaplan‐Meier estimator with inverse probability weighting (IPW). The adjusted difference in RMSTs is the area between the two IPW‐adjusted survival functions. In a Monte Carlo‐type simulation study, we demonstrate that the proposed estimator performs as well as two regression‐based approaches: the ANCOVA‐type method of Tian et al and the pseudo‐observation method of Andersen et al. We illustrate the methods by reexamining the association between total cholesterol and the 10‐year risk of coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study.
AbstractList In observational studies with censored data, exposure‐outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) up to a pre‐specified time point is an alternative measure that offers a clinically meaningful interpretation. Several regression‐based methods exist to estimate an adjusted difference in RMSTs, but they digress from the model‐free method of taking the area under the survival function. We derive the adjusted RMST by integrating an adjusted Kaplan‐Meier estimator with inverse probability weighting (IPW). The adjusted difference in RMSTs is the area between the two IPW‐adjusted survival functions. In a Monte Carlo‐type simulation study, we demonstrate that the proposed estimator performs as well as two regression‐based approaches: the ANCOVA‐type method of Tian et al and the pseudo‐observation method of Andersen et al. We illustrate the methods by reexamining the association between total cholesterol and the 10‐year risk of coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study.
In observational studies with censored data, exposure-outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) up to a pre-specified time point is an alternative measure that offers a clinically meaningful interpretation. Several regression-based methods exist to estimate an adjusted difference in RMSTs, but they digress from the model-free method of taking the area under the survival function. We derive the adjusted RMST by integrating an adjusted Kaplan-Meier estimator with inverse probability weighting (IPW). The adjusted difference in RMSTs is the area between the two IPW-adjusted survival functions. In a Monte Carlo-type simulation study, we demonstrate that the proposed estimator performs as well as two regression-based approaches: the ANCOVA-type method of Tian et al and the pseudo-observation method of Andersen et al. We illustrate the methods by reexamining the association between total cholesterol and the 10-year risk of coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study.In observational studies with censored data, exposure-outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) up to a pre-specified time point is an alternative measure that offers a clinically meaningful interpretation. Several regression-based methods exist to estimate an adjusted difference in RMSTs, but they digress from the model-free method of taking the area under the survival function. We derive the adjusted RMST by integrating an adjusted Kaplan-Meier estimator with inverse probability weighting (IPW). The adjusted difference in RMSTs is the area between the two IPW-adjusted survival functions. In a Monte Carlo-type simulation study, we demonstrate that the proposed estimator performs as well as two regression-based approaches: the ANCOVA-type method of Tian et al and the pseudo-observation method of Andersen et al. We illustrate the methods by reexamining the association between total cholesterol and the 10-year risk of coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study.
In observational studies with censored data, exposure-outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMST) up to a pre-specified time point is an alternative measure that offers a clinically meaningful interpretation. Several regression-based methods exist to estimate an adjusted difference in RMSTs, but they digress from the model-free method of taking the area under the survival function. We derive the adjusted RMST by integrating an adjusted Kaplan-Meier estimator with inverse probability weighting (IPW). The adjusted difference in RMSTs is the area between the two IPW-adjusted survival functions. In a Monte Carlo-type simulation study, we demonstrate that the proposed estimator performs as well as two regression-based approaches: the ANCOVA-type method of Tian et al1 and the pseudo-observation method of Andersen et al.2–4 We illustrate the methods by re-examining the association between total cholesterol and the 10-year risk of coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study.
Author LaValley, Michael P.
Galea, Sandro
Sullivan, Lisa M.
Conner, Sarah C.
Benjamin, Emelia J.
Trinquart, Ludovic
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
2 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
3 Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
4 Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
– name: 2 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s and Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA
– name: 4 Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
– name: 3 Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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  surname: Conner
  fullname: Conner, Sarah C.
  email: sconner@bu.edu
  organization: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study
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  givenname: Lisa M.
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Keywords inverse probability weighting
survival analysis
observational studies
restricted mean survival time
time-to-event data
propensity score
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Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Snippet In observational studies with censored data, exposure‐outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox...
In observational studies with censored data, exposure-outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox...
In observational studies with censored data, exposure-outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) from multivariable Cox...
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SubjectTerms Analysis of Variance
Cardiovascular disease
Computer Simulation
Health risk assessment
Humans
inverse probability weighting
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Monte Carlo Method
Observational studies
Observational Studies as Topic - methods
propensity score
restricted mean survival time
Survival Analysis
time‐to‐event data
Title Adjusted restricted mean survival times in observational studies
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fsim.8206
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31119770
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2268241494
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2232121587
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7534830
Volume 38
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