Critical transition of soil bacterial diversity and composition triggered by nitrogen enrichment

Soil bacterial communities are pivotal in regulating terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functions. The increase in global nitrogen (N) deposition has impacted various aspects of terrestrial ecosystems, but we still have a rudimentary understanding of whether there is a threshold for N i...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Ecology (Durham) Jg. 101; H. 8; S. 1 - 11
Hauptverfasser:	Liu, Weixing, Jiang, Lin, Yang, Sen, Wang, Zhou, Tian, Rui, Peng, Ziyang, Chen, Yongliang, Zhang, Xingxu, Kuang, Jialiang, Ling, Ning, Wang, Shaopeng, Liu, Lingli
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States John Wiley and Sons, Inc 01.08.2020 Ecological Society of America
Schlagworte:	acidification Bacteria bacterial community composition bacterial diversity Biogeochemical cycles China Community composition Community structure Composition Ecological function Ecosystem eutrophication genes life history meta-analysis Nitrogen Nitrogen - analysis Nitrogen enrichment Nonlinear response pH effects Plant communities Plant diversity RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Soil Soil bacteria Soil chemistry Soil erosion Soil Microbiology Soil microorganisms Soil pH Soil structure Soils species diversity Steppes Terrestrial ecosystems threshold China bacterial diversity plant diversity threshold acidification bacterial community composition life history
ISSN:	0012-9658, 1939-9170, 1939-9170
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:	Soil bacterial communities are pivotal in regulating terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functions. The increase in global nitrogen (N) deposition has impacted various aspects of terrestrial ecosystems, but we still have a rudimentary understanding of whether there is a threshold for N input level beyond which soil bacterial communities will experience critical transitions. Using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we examined soil bacterial responses to a long-term (13 yr), multi-level, N addition experiment in a temperate steppe of northern China. We found that plant diversity decreased in a linear fashion with increasing N addition. However, bacterial diversity responded nonlinearly to N addition, such that it was unaffected by N input below 16 g N·m−2·yr−1, but decreased substantially when N input exceeded 32 g N·m−2·yr−1. A meta-analysis across four N addition experiments in the same study region further confirmed this nonlinear response of bacterial diversity to N inputs. Substantial changes in soil bacterial community structure also occurred between N input levels of 16 to 32 g N·m−2·yr−1. Further analysis revealed that the loss of soil bacterial diversity was primarily attributed to the reduction in soil pH, whereas changes in soil bacterial community were driven by the combination of increased N availability, reduced soil pH, and changes in plant community structure. In addition, we found that N addition shifted bacterial communities toward more putatively copiotrophic taxa. Overall, our study identified a threshold of N input level for bacterial diversity and community composition. The nonlinear response of bacterial diversity to N input observed in our study indicates that although bacterial communities are resistant to low levels of N input, further increase in N input could trigger a critical transition, shifting bacterial communities to a low-diversity state.
Bibliographie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0012-9658 1939-9170 1939-9170
DOI:	10.1002/ecy.3053