A silver lining of neuroinflammation: Beneficial effects on myelination
Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological imp...
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| Published in: | Experimental neurology Vol. 283; no. Pt B; pp. 550 - 559 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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United States
Elsevier Inc
01.09.2016
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| ISSN: | 0014-4886, 1090-2430, 1090-2430 |
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| Abstract | Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological impairment. Inflammation is a common component of trauma and disease in both the CNS and PNS and therefore an active inflammatory response is often considered deleterious to myelin health. While inflammation can certainly damage myelin, inflammatory processes also can positively affect oligodendrocyte lineage progression, myelin debris clearance, oligodendrocyte metabolism and myelin repair. In the periphery, inflammatory cascades can also augment myelin repair, including processes initiated by infiltrating immune cells as well as by local Schwann cells. In this review, various aspects of inflammation beneficial to myelin repair are discussed and should be considered when designing or implementing anti-inflammatory therapies for CNS and PNS injury involving myelinating cells. |
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| AbstractList | Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological impairment. Inflammation is a common component of trauma and disease in both the CNS and PNS and therefore an active inflammatory response is often considered deleterious to myelin health. While inflammation can certainly damage myelin, inflammatory processes also can positively affect oligodendrocyte lineage progression, myelin debris clearance, oligodendrocyte metabolism and myelin repair. In the periphery, inflammatory cascades can also augment myelin repair, including processes initiated by infiltrating immune cells as well as by local Schwann cells. In this review, various aspects of inflammation beneficial to myelin repair are discussed and should be considered when designing or implementing anti-inflammatory therapies for CNS and PNS injury involving myelinating cells. Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological impairment. Inflammation is a common component of trauma and disease in both the CNS and PNS and therefore an active inflammatory response is often considered deleterious to myelin health. While inflammation can certainly damage myelin, inflammatory processes also can positively affect oligodendrocyte lineage progression, myelin debris clearance, oligodendrocyte metabolism and myelin repair. In the periphery, inflammatory cascades can also augment myelin repair, including processes initiated by infiltrating immune cells as well as by local Schwann cells. In this review, various aspects of inflammation beneficial to myelin repair are discussed and should be considered when designing or implementing anti-inflammatory therapies for CNS and PNS injury involving myelinating cells.Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often vulnerable to injury or disease, resulting in myelin damage, which in turn can lead to axon dysfunction, overt pathology and neurological impairment. Inflammation is a common component of trauma and disease in both the CNS and PNS and therefore an active inflammatory response is often considered deleterious to myelin health. While inflammation can certainly damage myelin, inflammatory processes also can positively affect oligodendrocyte lineage progression, myelin debris clearance, oligodendrocyte metabolism and myelin repair. In the periphery, inflammatory cascades can also augment myelin repair, including processes initiated by infiltrating immune cells as well as by local Schwann cells. In this review, various aspects of inflammation beneficial to myelin repair are discussed and should be considered when designing or implementing anti-inflammatory therapies for CNS and PNS injury involving myelinating cells. |
| Author | Hesp, Zoe C. Goldstein, Evan Z. Popovich, Phillip G. Church, Jamie S. McTigue, Dana M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Evan Z. surname: Goldstein fullname: Goldstein, Evan Z. organization: Neuroscience Graduate Program, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Jamie S. surname: Church fullname: Church, Jamie S. organization: Neuroscience Graduate Program, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Zoe C. surname: Hesp fullname: Hesp, Zoe C. organization: Neuroscience Graduate Program, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Phillip G. surname: Popovich fullname: Popovich, Phillip G. organization: Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Dana M. surname: McTigue fullname: McTigue, Dana M. email: dana.mctigue@osumc.edu organization: Department of Neuroscience, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, United States |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27151600$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Peripheral nerve Oligodendrocyte Cytokines Schwann cells Iron Progenitor Macrophages Spinal cord injury Growth factors Microglia |
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| Snippet | Myelin accelerates action potential conduction velocity and provides essential energy support for axons. Unfortunately, myelin and myelinating cells are often... |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Cytokines Cytokines - metabolism Growth factors Humans Inflammation - etiology Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism Iron Macrophages Microglia Myelin Sheath - pathology Oligodendrocyte Oligodendroglia - pathology Peripheral nerve Progenitor Schwann cells Spinal cord injury Synaptic Transmission Trauma, Nervous System - complications Trauma, Nervous System - metabolism Trauma, Nervous System - pathology |
| Title | A silver lining of neuroinflammation: Beneficial effects on myelination |
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