The Effect of Increased Plant Protein Intake on the Lipid Profile of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials

Background/Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased mortality, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the primary cause of death. Proper lipid regulation may reduce CVD risk and slow CKD progression. While there is evidence that a higher plant protein intake could ameli...

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Vydané v:Nutrients Ročník 17; číslo 9; s. 1408
Hlavní autori: Papaodyssea, Ioanna, Lagiou, Areti, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Valanou, Elisavet, Naska, Androniki
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Switzerland MDPI AG 23.04.2025
MDPI
Predmet:
Adult
Aged
Apolipoproteins
Bias
Cardiovascular diseases
Chronic kidney failure
Clinical trials
Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic
Female
Grey literature
High density lipoprotein
Humans
Intervention
Kidney diseases
Lipids
Lipids - blood
Lipoproteins
Male
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Meta-analysis
Middle Aged
Mortality
Plant Proteins - administration & dosage
Plant Proteins, Dietary - administration & dosage
Proteins
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - blood
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - diet therapy
Review
Standard deviation
Triglycerides
Triglycerides - blood
dialysis
chronic kidney disease
soy protein
meta-analysis
triglycerides
total cholesterol
HDL cholesterol
Apolipoprotein B
Apolipoprotein A
plant protein
LDL cholesterol
ApoB
CKD
ApoA
ISSN:2072-6643, 2072-6643
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Shrnutí:Background/Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased mortality, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the primary cause of death. Proper lipid regulation may reduce CVD risk and slow CKD progression. While there is evidence that a higher plant protein intake could ameliorate lipid levels in the general population, the effects of this dietary regimen within the CKD population remain uncertain, with studies providing conflicting results. We aim to investigate the impact of increased plant protein intake on the lipid levels of CKD patients. Methods: Two electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus) were reviewed for controlled clinical trials assessing the effect of increased plant protein intake versus the usual CKD animal-based diet in CKD patients, published until June 2024. Results: Eleven trials, encompassing 248 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, compared to the usually recommended CKD diet, increased plant protein intake was associated with statistically significant reductions in total cholesterol (−24.51 mg/dL, 95% CI −40.33, −8.69), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (−21.71 mg/dL, 95% CI −38.32, −5.1), triglycerides (− 21.88 mg/dL, 95% CI −35.34, −8.40), and Apolipoprotein B levels (−11.21 mg/dL, 95% CI −18.18, −4.25). No significant changes were observed in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (0.09 mg/dL, 95% CI −1.82, 1.99) and Apolipoprotein A levels (0.04 mg/dL, 95% CI −7.14, 7.21). Conclusions: Increased plant protein intake, mainly from soy, reduces total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and ApoB in adult CKD patients. Further research is needed to assess these effects in dialysis patients and explore non-soy plant sources.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ObjectType-Review-3
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ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu17091408