Temporal and Spatial Effects on the Diet of an Estuarine Piscivore, Longnose Gar (Lepisosteus osseus)

Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the USA and comprises vast areas of polyhaline to freshwater, tidal fish habitat. The Bay experiences large temperature differences between winter and summer, which in combination with the variety of salinities enables approximately 240 species of fish to be...

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Vydáno v:	Estuaries and coasts Ročník 36; číslo 6; s. 1292 - 1303
Hlavní autoři:	McGrath, Patrick E., Hilton, Eric J., Musick, John A.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	New York Springer Science+Business Media 01.11.2013 Springer US Springer Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	anadromous fish Animal and plant ecology Animal populations Animal, plant and microbial ecology Autoecology Biological and medical sciences Brackish Brackish water ecosystems Brevoortia tyrannus Chesapeake Bay Coastal Sciences Diet Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Environment Environmental Management Estuaries Fish Freshwater & Marine Ecology Freshwater fish Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fundulus General aspects habitats Lepisosteus Lepisosteus osseus Marine fish Micropogonias Micropogonias undulatus Morone americana Predation Predators Prey rivers Salinity Spawning summer Synecology Tidal rivers Virginia Water and Health Water temperature winter ANW, USA, Virginia ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay Virginia Chesapeake Bay Prey Temperature Anadromous Lepisosteidae Seasonality Salinity Estuaries Brackish water environment Piscivorous Diet Feeding
ISSN:	1559-2723, 1559-2731
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Shrnutí:	Chesapeake Bay is the largest estuary in the USA and comprises vast areas of polyhaline to freshwater, tidal fish habitat. The Bay experiences large temperature differences between winter and summer, which in combination with the variety of salinities enables approximately 240 species of fish to be temporary inhabitants. This dynamic environment leads to an ever-changing prey field for predators. The goal of this study was to characterize the diet of one of the few resident, euryhaline predators within the tidal rivers in Virginia, Lepisosteus osseus (longnose gar). The top five prey species were Morone americana, Brevoortia tyrannus, Fundulus spp., Micropogonias undulatus, and Leiostomous xanthurus. The diet composition varied with the seasonal fish assemblages, length of L. osseus, water temperature, and salinity. L. osseus consumed a greater amount of marine and anadromous fishes (%W=59.4 % and %N=56.5 %) than resident fishes (%W=40.6 % and %N=43.5 %). The seasonal influx of anadromous or coastal spawning fishes appears to be an important prey source for L. osseus and most likely other piscivores in the tributaries of Chesapeake Bay.
Bibliografie:	SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1559-2723 1559-2731
DOI:	10.1007/s12237-013-9637-9