What is XR? Towards a Framework for Augmented and Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality, and Extended Reality (often – misleadingly – abbreviated as XR) are commonly used terms to describe how technologies generate or modify reality. However, academics and professionals have been inconsistent in their use of these terms. This...
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| Vydané v: | Computers in human behavior Ročník 133; s. 107289 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
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Elmsford
Elsevier Ltd
01.08.2022
Elsevier Science Ltd |
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| ISSN: | 0747-5632, 1873-7692 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
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| Abstract | Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality, and Extended Reality (often – misleadingly – abbreviated as XR) are commonly used terms to describe how technologies generate or modify reality. However, academics and professionals have been inconsistent in their use of these terms. This has led to conceptual confusion and unclear demarcations. Inspired by prior research and qualitative insights from XR professionals, we discuss the meaning and definitions of various terms and organize them in our proposed framework. As a result, we conclude that (1) XR should not be used to connote extended reality, but as a more open approach where the X implies the unknown variable: xReality; (2) AR and VR have fundamental differences and thus should be treated as different experiences; (3) AR experiences can be described on a continuum ranging from assisted reality to mixed reality (based on the level of local presence); and (4), VR experiences can be conceptualized on a telepresence-continuum ranging from atomistic to holistic VR.
•XR should not be used as an abbreviation for “Extended Reality”; X should be the placeholder for “all” new reality formats.•AR and VR have fundamental differences and thus should be treated as different experiences.•AR experiences can be described on a LOCAL PRESENCE continuum ranging from Assisted Reality to Mixed Reality.•VR experiences can be conceptualized on a TELEPRESENCE-continuum ranging from atomistic to holistic VR. |
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| AbstractList | Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality, and Extended Reality (often – misleadingly – abbreviated as XR) are commonly used terms to describe how technologies generate or modify reality. However, academics and professionals have been inconsistent in their use of these terms. This has led to conceptual confusion and unclear demarcations. Inspired by prior research and qualitative insights from XR professionals, we discuss the meaning and definitions of various terms and organize them in our proposed framework. As a result, we conclude that (1) XR should not be used to connote extended reality, but as a more open approach where the X implies the unknown variable: xReality; (2) AR and VR have fundamental differences and thus should be treated as different experiences; (3) AR experiences can be described on a continuum ranging from assisted reality to mixed reality (based on the level of local presence); and (4), VR experiences can be conceptualized on a telepresence-continuum ranging from atomistic to holistic VR. Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality, and Extended Reality (often – misleadingly – abbreviated as XR) are commonly used terms to describe how technologies generate or modify reality. However, academics and professionals have been inconsistent in their use of these terms. This has led to conceptual confusion and unclear demarcations. Inspired by prior research and qualitative insights from XR professionals, we discuss the meaning and definitions of various terms and organize them in our proposed framework. As a result, we conclude that (1) XR should not be used to connote extended reality, but as a more open approach where the X implies the unknown variable: xReality; (2) AR and VR have fundamental differences and thus should be treated as different experiences; (3) AR experiences can be described on a continuum ranging from assisted reality to mixed reality (based on the level of local presence); and (4), VR experiences can be conceptualized on a telepresence-continuum ranging from atomistic to holistic VR. •XR should not be used as an abbreviation for “Extended Reality”; X should be the placeholder for “all” new reality formats.•AR and VR have fundamental differences and thus should be treated as different experiences.•AR experiences can be described on a LOCAL PRESENCE continuum ranging from Assisted Reality to Mixed Reality.•VR experiences can be conceptualized on a TELEPRESENCE-continuum ranging from atomistic to holistic VR. |
| ArticleNumber | 107289 |
| Author | Hinsch, Chris Felix, Reto Shahab, Hamza Rauschnabel, Philipp A. Alt, Florian |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Philipp A. surname: Rauschnabel fullname: Rauschnabel, Philipp A. email: philipp.rauschnabel@gmail.com organization: Digital Marketing and Media Innovation, College of Business, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39 85577 Neubiberg, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Reto surname: Felix fullname: Felix, Reto organization: Robert C. Vackar College of Business & Entrepreneurship, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Chris orcidid: 0000-0001-5107-0170 surname: Hinsch fullname: Hinsch, Chris organization: Seidman College of Business, Grand Valley State University, 1 Campus Dr, Allendale, MI 49401, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Hamza surname: Shahab fullname: Shahab, Hamza organization: Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – sequence: 5 givenname: Florian surname: Alt fullname: Alt, Florian organization: Usable Security and Privacy Group, CODE Research Institute for Cyber Defense and Smart Data, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Carl-Wery-Straße 18-22, 81739 München, Germany |
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