The role of MMP-2 and MMP-9 as prognostic markers in the early stages of tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Background Tongue cancer is the most common intra‐oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor invasion and metastasis. These processes require a controlled degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and Matr...

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Vydané v:	Journal of oral pathology & medicine Ročník 44; číslo 5; s. 345 - 352
Hlavní autori:	Aparna, Manikkath, Rao, Lakshmi, Kunhikatta, Vijayanarayana, Radhakrishnan, Raghu
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Denmark Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.05.2015
Predmet:	Biomarkers, Tumor - biosynthesis Cohort Studies early stages Female Humans Immunohistochemistry Male Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 - biosynthesis Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - biosynthesis matrix metalloproteinases Middle Aged Neoplasm Metastasis Neoplasm Staging Prognosis Survival Rate tongue cancer Tongue Neoplasms - enzymology Tongue Neoplasms - pathology tongue cancer immunohistochemistry matrix metalloproteinases prognosis early stages
ISSN:	0904-2512, 1600-0714, 1600-0714
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Abstract	Background Tongue cancer is the most common intra‐oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor invasion and metastasis. These processes require a controlled degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) are known to be important regulators of matrix lysis and play a significant role in the metastasis of malignancies. Aim and objectives To study the expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in the early stages of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and find the association between their expression and local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates of the subjects. Materials and methods Fifty‐nine tumor biopsy samples of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 stages were immunostained with MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 antibodies. The immunohistochemical expression was compared with the patient characteristics and outcome. Results Cytoplasmic expression of MMP‐2 correlated with that of MMP‐9 (r = 0.716, P < 0.001). Greater expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 was observed in patients who subsequently developed local recurrence (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001, respectively), regional and/or distant metastasis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) of the tumor. Further, a higher expression of these biomarkers was associated with shorter survival. MMP‐9 was found to have better specificity for local recurrence, metastasis and survival. Conclusion Our results showed that these biomarkers may serve as indicators of a patient's risk potential for poor prognosis and presage the need for more aggressive treatment measures.
AbstractList	Background Tongue cancer is the most common intra‐oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor invasion and metastasis. These processes require a controlled degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) are known to be important regulators of matrix lysis and play a significant role in the metastasis of malignancies. Aim and objectives To study the expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in the early stages of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and find the association between their expression and local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates of the subjects. Materials and methods Fifty‐nine tumor biopsy samples of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 stages were immunostained with MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 antibodies. The immunohistochemical expression was compared with the patient characteristics and outcome. Results Cytoplasmic expression of MMP‐2 correlated with that of MMP‐9 (r = 0.716, P < 0.001). Greater expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 was observed in patients who subsequently developed local recurrence (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001, respectively), regional and/or distant metastasis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) of the tumor. Further, a higher expression of these biomarkers was associated with shorter survival. MMP‐9 was found to have better specificity for local recurrence, metastasis and survival. Conclusion Our results showed that these biomarkers may serve as indicators of a patient's risk potential for poor prognosis and presage the need for more aggressive treatment measures. Tongue cancer is the most common intra-oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor invasion and metastasis. These processes require a controlled degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are known to be important regulators of matrix lysis and play a significant role in the metastasis of malignancies.BACKGROUNDTongue cancer is the most common intra-oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor invasion and metastasis. These processes require a controlled degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are known to be important regulators of matrix lysis and play a significant role in the metastasis of malignancies.To study the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the early stages of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and find the association between their expression and local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates of the subjects.AIM AND OBJECTIVESTo study the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the early stages of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and find the association between their expression and local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates of the subjects.Fifty-nine tumor biopsy samples of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in T1 N0 M0 and T2 N0 M0 stages were immunostained with MMP-2 and MMP-9 antibodies. The immunohistochemical expression was compared with the patient characteristics and outcome.MATERIALS AND METHODSFifty-nine tumor biopsy samples of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in T1 N0 M0 and T2 N0 M0 stages were immunostained with MMP-2 and MMP-9 antibodies. The immunohistochemical expression was compared with the patient characteristics and outcome.Cytoplasmic expression of MMP-2 correlated with that of MMP-9 (r = 0.716, P < 0.001). Greater expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was observed in patients who subsequently developed local recurrence (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001, respectively), regional and/or distant metastasis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) of the tumor. Further, a higher expression of these biomarkers was associated with shorter survival. MMP-9 was found to have better specificity for local recurrence, metastasis and survival.RESULTSCytoplasmic expression of MMP-2 correlated with that of MMP-9 (r = 0.716, P < 0.001). Greater expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was observed in patients who subsequently developed local recurrence (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001, respectively), regional and/or distant metastasis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) of the tumor. Further, a higher expression of these biomarkers was associated with shorter survival. MMP-9 was found to have better specificity for local recurrence, metastasis and survival.Our results showed that these biomarkers may serve as indicators of a patient's risk potential for poor prognosis and presage the need for more aggressive treatment measures.CONCLUSIONOur results showed that these biomarkers may serve as indicators of a patient's risk potential for poor prognosis and presage the need for more aggressive treatment measures. Tongue cancer is the most common intra-oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor invasion and metastasis. These processes require a controlled degradation of the extracellular matrix. Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are known to be important regulators of matrix lysis and play a significant role in the metastasis of malignancies. To study the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the early stages of tongue squamous cell carcinoma and find the association between their expression and local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates of the subjects. Fifty-nine tumor biopsy samples of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in T1 N0 M0 and T2 N0 M0 stages were immunostained with MMP-2 and MMP-9 antibodies. The immunohistochemical expression was compared with the patient characteristics and outcome. Cytoplasmic expression of MMP-2 correlated with that of MMP-9 (r = 0.716, P < 0.001). Greater expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was observed in patients who subsequently developed local recurrence (P = 0.044 and P < 0.001, respectively), regional and/or distant metastasis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively) of the tumor. Further, a higher expression of these biomarkers was associated with shorter survival. MMP-9 was found to have better specificity for local recurrence, metastasis and survival. Our results showed that these biomarkers may serve as indicators of a patient's risk potential for poor prognosis and presage the need for more aggressive treatment measures.
Author	Rao, Lakshmi Kunhikatta, Vijayanarayana Aparna, Manikkath Radhakrishnan, Raghu
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Manikkath surname: Aparna fullname: Aparna, Manikkath organization: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka, Manipal, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Lakshmi surname: Rao fullname: Rao, Lakshmi organization: Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Karnataka, Manipal, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Vijayanarayana surname: Kunhikatta fullname: Kunhikatta, Vijayanarayana organization: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka, Manipal, India – sequence: 4 givenname: Raghu surname: Radhakrishnan fullname: Radhakrishnan, Raghu email: raghu.radhakrishnan@gmail.com organization: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka, Manipal, India
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Keywords	tongue cancer immunohistochemistry matrix metalloproteinases prognosis early stages
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Snippet	Background Tongue cancer is the most common intra‐oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor... Tongue cancer is the most common intra-oral malignancy with a high rate of morbidity and mortality owing to its increased propensity for tumor invasion and...
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SubjectTerms	Biomarkers, Tumor - biosynthesis Cohort Studies early stages Female Humans Immunohistochemistry Male Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 - biosynthesis Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - biosynthesis matrix metalloproteinases Middle Aged Neoplasm Metastasis Neoplasm Staging Prognosis Survival Rate tongue cancer Tongue Neoplasms - enzymology Tongue Neoplasms - pathology
Title	The role of MMP-2 and MMP-9 as prognostic markers in the early stages of tongue squamous cell carcinoma
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