Level of maternal antibody required to protect neonates against early-onset disease caused by group B Streptococcus type Ia: a multicenter, seroepidemiology study

Because of the difficulty of conducting efficacy trials of vaccines against group B streptococcus (GBS), the licensure of these vaccines may have to rely on studies that measure vaccine-induced antibody levels that correlate with protection. This study estimates the level of maternal antibody requir...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 184; no. 8; p. 1022
Main Authors: Lin, F Y, Philips, 3rd, J B, Azimi, P H, Weisman, L E, Clark, P, Rhoads, G G, Regan, J, Concepcion, N F, Frasch, C E, Troendle, J, Brenner, R A, Gray, B M, Bhushan, R, Fitzgerald, G, Moyer, P, Clemens, J D
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 15.10.2001
Subjects:
Age of Onset
Antibodies, Bacterial - blood
Female
Fetal Blood - immunology
Humans
Immunity, Maternally-Acquired
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Infant, Newborn
Predictive Value of Tests
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications - immunology
Streptococcal Infections - immunology
Streptococcal Infections - prevention & control
Streptococcus agalactiae - immunology
ISSN:0022-1899
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Because of the difficulty of conducting efficacy trials of vaccines against group B streptococcus (GBS), the licensure of these vaccines may have to rely on studies that measure vaccine-induced antibody levels that correlate with protection. This study estimates the level of maternal antibody required to protect neonates against early-onset disease (EOD) caused by GBS type Ia. Levels of maternal serum IgG GBS Ia antibodies, measured by ELISAs in 45 case patients (neonates with EOD caused by GBS Ia) and in 319 control subjects (neonates colonized by GBS Ia but without EOD) born at > or =34 weeks gestation were compared. The probability of developing EOD declined with increasing maternal levels of IgG GBS Ia antibody (P = .03). Neonates whose mothers had levels of IgG GBS Ia antibody > or =5 microg/mL had an 88% lower risk (95% confidence interval, 7%-98%) of developing type-specific EOD, compared with those whose mothers had levels < 0.5 microg/mL. A vaccine that induces IgG GBS Ia antibody levels > or =5 microg/mL in mothers can be predicted to confer a high degree of type-specific immunity to EOD to their infants.
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ISSN:0022-1899
DOI:10.1086/323350