Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions and water-energy optimization for shale gas supply chain planning based on multi-level approach: Case study in Barnett, Marcellus, Fayetteville, and Haynesville shales

•Detailed model developed for the shale gas supply chain system in the US.•Dynamic integration of multi-level programming and life cycle assessment.•Analysis of the objectives with environmental, economic and energy concerns.•Identification of GHG emissions and water-energy consumption at life cycle...

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Vydané v:	Energy conversion and management Ročník 134; s. 382 - 398
Hlavní autori:	Chen, Yizhong, He, Li, Guan, Yanlong, Lu, Hongwei, Li, Jing
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 15.02.2017 Elsevier Science Ltd
Predmet:	algorithms business enterprises Case studies Computer applications Computing time Drilling electricity Emissions Energy Energy conservation freshwater Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse gases Hydraulic fracturing Interactive systems issues and policy Life cycle Life cycle analysis Life cycle assessment Life cycle engineering Life cycles Multi-level programming Optimization planning profits and margins Shale Shale gas Shales Structural hierarchy supply chain Supply chains Surface water United States Wastewater Water consumption Water reuse Water supply wells United States Multi-level programming Life cycle Energy Greenhouse gas Water supply Shale gas
ISSN:	0196-8904, 1879-2227
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Abstract	•Detailed model developed for the shale gas supply chain system in the US.•Dynamic integration of multi-level programming and life cycle assessment.•Analysis of the objectives with environmental, economic and energy concerns.•Identification of GHG emissions and water-energy consumption at life cycle stages.•Comparison of management performances obtained from the MLP, MOP, and BLP methods. This study develops a multi-level programming model from a life cycle perspective for performing shale-gas supply chain system. A set of leader-follower-interactive objectives with emphases of environmental, economic and energy concerns are incorporated into the synergistic optimization process, named MGU-MEM-MWL model. The upper-level model quantitatively investigates the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as controlled by the environmental sector. The middle-level one focuses exclusively on system benefits as determined by the energy sector. The lower-level one aims to recycle water to minimize the life-cycle water supply as required by the enterprises. The capabilities and effectiveness of the developed model are illustrated through real-world case studies of the Barnett, Marcellus, Fayetteville, and Haynesville Shales in the US. An improved multi-level interactive solution algorithm based on satisfactory degree is then presented to improve computational efficiency. Results indicate that: (a) the end-use phase (i.e., gas utilization for electricity generation) would not only dominate the life-cycle GHG emissions, but also account for 76.1% of the life-cycle system profits; (b) operations associated with well hydraulic fracturing would be the largest contributor to the life-cycle freshwater consumption when gas use is not considered, and a majority of freshwater withdrawal would be supplied by surface water; (c) nearly 95% of flowback water would be recycled for hydraulic fracturing activities and only about 5% of flowback water would be treated via CWT facilities in the Marcellus, while most of the wastewater generated from the drilling, fracturing and production operations would be treated via underground injection control wells in the other shale plays. Moreover, the performance of the MGU-MEM-MWL model is enhanced by comparing with the three bi-level programs and the multi-objective approach. Results demonstrate that the MGU-MEM-MWL decisions would provide much comprehensive and systematic policies when considering the hierarchical structure within the shale-gas system.
AbstractList	This study develops a multi-level programming model from a life cycle perspective for performing shale-gas supply chain system. A set of leader-follower-interactive objectives with emphases of environmental, economic and energy concerns are incorporated into the synergistic optimization process, named MGU-MEM-MWL model. The upper-level model quantitatively investigates the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as controlled by the environmental sector. The middle-level one focuses exclusively on system benefits as determined by the energy sector. The lower-level one aims to recycle water to minimize the life-cycle water supply as required by the enterprises. The capabilities and effectiveness of the developed model are illustrated through real-world case studies of the Barnett, Marcellus, Fayetteville, and Haynesville Shales in the US. An improved multi-level interactive solution algorithm based on satisfactory degree is then presented to improve computational efficiency. Results indicate that: (a) the end-use phase (i.e., gas utilization for electricity generation) would not only dominate the life-cycle GHG emissions, but also account for 76.1% of the life-cycle system profits; (b) operations associated with well hydraulic fracturing would be the largest contributor to the life-cycle freshwater consumption when gas use is not considered, and a majority of freshwater withdrawal would be supplied by surface water; (c) nearly 95% of flowback water would be recycled for hydraulic fracturing activities and only about 5% of flowback water would be treated via CWT facilities in the Marcellus, while most of the wastewater generated from the drilling, fracturing and production operations would be treated via underground injection control wells in the other shale plays. Moreover, the performance of the MGU-MEM-MWL model is enhanced by comparing with the three bi-level programs and the multi-objective approach. Results demonstrate that the MGU-MEM-MWL decisions would provide much comprehensive and systematic policies when considering the hierarchical structure within the shale-gas system. •Detailed model developed for the shale gas supply chain system in the US.•Dynamic integration of multi-level programming and life cycle assessment.•Analysis of the objectives with environmental, economic and energy concerns.•Identification of GHG emissions and water-energy consumption at life cycle stages.•Comparison of management performances obtained from the MLP, MOP, and BLP methods. This study develops a multi-level programming model from a life cycle perspective for performing shale-gas supply chain system. A set of leader-follower-interactive objectives with emphases of environmental, economic and energy concerns are incorporated into the synergistic optimization process, named MGU-MEM-MWL model. The upper-level model quantitatively investigates the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as controlled by the environmental sector. The middle-level one focuses exclusively on system benefits as determined by the energy sector. The lower-level one aims to recycle water to minimize the life-cycle water supply as required by the enterprises. The capabilities and effectiveness of the developed model are illustrated through real-world case studies of the Barnett, Marcellus, Fayetteville, and Haynesville Shales in the US. An improved multi-level interactive solution algorithm based on satisfactory degree is then presented to improve computational efficiency. Results indicate that: (a) the end-use phase (i.e., gas utilization for electricity generation) would not only dominate the life-cycle GHG emissions, but also account for 76.1% of the life-cycle system profits; (b) operations associated with well hydraulic fracturing would be the largest contributor to the life-cycle freshwater consumption when gas use is not considered, and a majority of freshwater withdrawal would be supplied by surface water; (c) nearly 95% of flowback water would be recycled for hydraulic fracturing activities and only about 5% of flowback water would be treated via CWT facilities in the Marcellus, while most of the wastewater generated from the drilling, fracturing and production operations would be treated via underground injection control wells in the other shale plays. Moreover, the performance of the MGU-MEM-MWL model is enhanced by comparing with the three bi-level programs and the multi-objective approach. Results demonstrate that the MGU-MEM-MWL decisions would provide much comprehensive and systematic policies when considering the hierarchical structure within the shale-gas system.
Author	Lu, Hongwei Li, Jing Guan, Yanlong He, Li Chen, Yizhong
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Yizhong surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Yizhong organization: School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Li surname: He fullname: He, Li email: li.he@ncepu.edu.cn organization: State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Yanlong surname: Guan fullname: Guan, Yanlong organization: School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Hongwei surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Hongwei organization: State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Jing surname: Li fullname: Li, Jing organization: School of Renewable Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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Publisher_xml	– name: Elsevier Ltd – name: Elsevier Science Ltd
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Snippet	•Detailed model developed for the shale gas supply chain system in the US.•Dynamic integration of multi-level programming and life cycle assessment.•Analysis... This study develops a multi-level programming model from a life cycle perspective for performing shale-gas supply chain system. A set of...
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SubjectTerms	algorithms business enterprises Case studies Computer applications Computing time Drilling electricity Emissions Energy Energy conservation freshwater Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emissions Greenhouse gases Hydraulic fracturing Interactive systems issues and policy Life cycle Life cycle analysis Life cycle assessment Life cycle engineering Life cycles Multi-level programming Optimization planning profits and margins Shale Shale gas Shales Structural hierarchy supply chain Supply chains Surface water United States Wastewater Water consumption Water reuse Water supply wells
Title	Life cycle assessment of greenhouse gas emissions and water-energy optimization for shale gas supply chain planning based on multi-level approach: Case study in Barnett, Marcellus, Fayetteville, and Haynesville shales
URI	https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.019 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2024487349 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2000393025
Volume	134
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