GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations
The EU has the probably strictest regulations in the world for the presence of GMOs in food and feed. These require the labeling of food and feed where the level of approved GMO exceeds 0.9% of unintentional adventitious presence. For non-approved GMOs the threshold is ‘zero’ and thus requires that...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Plant science (Limerick) Jg. 178; H. 2; S. 94 - 98 |
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Elsevier Ireland Ltd
01.02.2010
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| Abstract | The EU has the probably strictest regulations in the world for the presence of GMOs in food and feed. These require the labeling of food and feed where the level of approved GMO exceeds 0.9% of unintentional adventitious presence. For non-approved GMOs the threshold is ‘zero’ and thus requires that cargoes containing GMOs non-approved GMOs are returned to the port of origin or are destroyed. The process of GMO safety approval is slow and subject to extensive political interference. However outside of Europe, new GMOs are being created, approved and cultivated at a rate exceeding that of EU approvals. Since current methods of cultivation, storage and transport do not permit complete segregation of GMO and non-GMO crops, some co-mingling must be expected. This leads to a peculiar situation where the EU is dependent on imports (particularly soybean for animal feed) from North and South America and yet, legally, must reject these imports since they contain low levels of unauthorized GMOs. Several authorative European reports indicate that this is not a sustainable situation and must result in feed shortages and price increases of meat and poultry. The solution is to either to modify EU regulations or to synchronize GMOs approvals on an international level.
The USA has constantly criticized the EU for its unscientific GMO regulations which it says amounts to trade protectionism. Very recently however, the USA has realized that other countries are now producing and cultivating their own GMOs, and that these are not authorized in the USA. The USA is thus proposing to set up its own system of GMO regulations which may bear a close similarity to those in Europe. |
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| AbstractList | The EU has the probably strictest regulations in the world for the presence of GMOs in food and feed. These require the labeling of food and feed where the level of approved GMO exceeds 0.9% of unintentional adventitious presence. For non-approved GMOs the threshold is ‘zero’ and thus requires that cargoes containing GMOs non-approved GMOs are returned to the port of origin or are destroyed. The process of GMO safety approval is slow and subject to extensive political interference. However outside of Europe, new GMOs are being created, approved and cultivated at a rate exceeding that of EU approvals. Since current methods of cultivation, storage and transport do not permit complete segregation of GMO and non-GMO crops, some co-mingling must be expected. This leads to a peculiar situation where the EU is dependent on imports (particularly soybean for animal feed) from North and South America and yet, legally, must reject these imports since they contain low levels of unauthorized GMOs. Several authorative European reports indicate that this is not a sustainable situation and must result in feed shortages and price increases of meat and poultry. The solution is to either to modify EU regulations or to synchronize GMOs approvals on an international level.
The USA has constantly criticized the EU for its unscientific GMO regulations which it says amounts to trade protectionism. Very recently however, the USA has realized that other countries are now producing and cultivating their own GMOs, and that these are not authorized in the USA. The USA is thus proposing to set up its own system of GMO regulations which may bear a close similarity to those in Europe. The EU has the probably strictest regulations in the world for the presence of GMOs in food and feed. These require the labeling of food and feed where the level of approved GMO exceeds 0.9% of unintentional adventitious presence. For non-approved GMOs the threshold is 'zero' and thus requires that cargoes containing GMOs non-approved GMOs are returned to the port of origin or are destroyed. The process of GMO safety approval is slow and subject to extensive political interference. However outside of Europe, new GMOs are being created, approved and cultivated at a rate exceeding that of EU approvals. Since current methods of cultivation, storage and transport do not permit complete segregation of GMO and non-GMO crops, some co-mingling must be expected. This leads to a peculiar situation where the EU is dependent on imports (particularly soybean for animal feed) from North and South America and yet, legally, must reject these imports since they contain low levels of unauthorized GMOs. Several authorative European reports indicate that this is not a sustainable situation and must result in feed shortages and price increases of meat and poultry. The solution is to either to modify EU regulations or to synchronize GMOs approvals on an international level. The USA has constantly criticized the EU for its unscientific GMO regulations which it says amounts to trade protectionism. Very recently however, the USA has realized that other countries are now producing and cultivating their own GMOs, and that these are not authorized in the USA. The USA is thus proposing to set up its own system of GMO regulations which may bear a close similarity to those in Europe. The EU has the probably strictest regulations in the world for the presence of GMOs in food and feed. These require the labeling of food and feed where the level of approved GMO exceeds 0.9% of unintentional adventitious presence. For non-approved FMOs the threshold is 'zero' and thus requires that cargoes containing GMOs non-approved GMOs are returned to the port of origin or are destroyed. The process of GMO safety approval is slow and subject to extensive political interference. However outside of Europe, new GMOs are being created, approved and cultivated at a rate exceeding that of EU approvals. Since current methods of cultivation, storage and transport do not permit complete segregation of GMO and non-GMO crops, some co-mingling must be expected. This leads to a peculiar situation where the EU is dependent on imports (particularly soybean for animal feed) from North and South America and yet, legally, must reject these imports since they contain low levels of unauthorized GMOs. Several authorative European reports indicate that this is not a sustainable situation and must result in feed shortages and price increases of meat and poultry. The solution is to either to modify EU regulations or to synchronize GMOs approvals on an international level. The USA has constantly criticized the EU for its unscientific GMO regulations which it says amounts to trade protectionism. Very recently however, the USA has realized that other countries are now producing and cultivating their own GMOs, and that these are not authorized in the USA. The USA is thus proposing to set up its own system of GMO regulations which may bear a close similarity to those in Europe. |
| Author | Davison, John |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1038/nbt0208-161 10.1038/86690 10.1038/nbt0908-975 10.1051/agro:2008051 10.1038/nbt1108-1223 10.1038/nbt1108-1222 10.1038/nbt0204-133 10.1079/PAVSNNR20072077 |
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| Keywords | GMO detection GMO coexistence GMO thresholds GMO labeling EU GMO regulations GMO adventitious presence Policy Plant biology Coexistence European regulation European Union Transgenic plant Plant sciences Detection Genetically modified organism gmo coexistence gmo labeling gmo thresholds gmo adventitious presence gmo detection eu gmo regulations |
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| References_xml | – volume: 26 start-page: 1223 year: 2008 end-page: 1225 ident: bib3 article-title: Coexistence in the EU—return of the moratorium on GM crops? publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol. – reference: Nature biotechnology editorial “The numerology of idiocy”, Nat. Biotechnol. 19 (2002) 319. – volume: 53 start-page: 186 year: 2008 end-page: 196 ident: bib4 article-title: The theory and the practice of European traceability regulations for GM food and feed publication-title: Cereal Foods World – year: 2006 ident: bib9 article-title: EC Policy on Biotechnology – reference: EFSA Scientific Opinion on Guidance for the risk assessment of genetically modified plants used for non-food or non-feed purposes. Available from URL: – volume: 26 start-page: 975 year: 2008 end-page: 978 ident: bib2 article-title: Trace and traceability—a call for regulatory harmony publication-title: Nat. Biotechnol. – year: December 2008 ident: bib16 article-title: USDA Controls Over Importation of Transgenic Plants and Animals – volume: 29 start-page: 11 year: 2009 end-page: 30 ident: bib15 article-title: Coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops in the European Union publication-title: Agron. Sustain. Dev. – volume: 74 year: 2009 ident: bib20 article-title: Importation, interstate movement, and release into the environment of certain genetically engineered organisms publication-title: Federal Register – year: 2009 ident: bib7 article-title: Is the German suspension of MON810 maize cultivation scientifically justified? publication-title: Transgenic Res. – volume: 26 start-page: 1222 year: 2008 end-page: 1223 ident: bib17 article-title: Pharming in crop commodities publication-title: Nat. 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| SubjectTerms | agricultural law Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Biological and medical sciences EU GMO regulations Europe European Union exports feeds food crops food safety food storage food transport forage crops Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gene flow Genetic engineering applications genetically modified foods genetically modified organisms Genetics Genetics and breeding of economic plants GMO adventitious presence GMO coexistence GMO detection GMO labeling GMO thresholds imports international trade labeling Life Sciences literature reviews Plant breeding: fundamental aspects and methodology Plants genetics politics trade barriers transgenic plants |
| Title | GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.12.005 https://www.proquest.com/docview/46521424 https://hal.science/hal-01203922 |
| Volume | 178 |
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